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Lifelong endurance training attenuates age-related genotoxic stress in human skeletal muscle
Tập 2 Số 1 - 2013
Abstract Background The aim of the present study was to determine the influence
of age and habitual activity level, at rest and following a single bout of
high-intensity exercise, on the levels of three proteins poly(ADP-ribose)
polymerase-1 (PARP-1), cleaved-PARP-1 and poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase
(PARG), involved in the DNA repair and cell death responses to stress and
genotoxic insults. Musc...
Why do we grow old: is it because our cells just wear out, we run out of cells (or both), and what can we do about it?
Tập 2 Số 1 - 2013
Immunosenescence, inflammation and Alzheimer’s disease
Tập 1 - Trang 1-10 - 2012
Ageing impacts negatively on the development of the immune system and its
ability to fight pathogens. Progressive changes in the T-cell and B-cell systems
over the lifespan of individuals have a major impact on the capacity to respond
to immune challenges. The cumulative age-associated changes in immune competence
are termed immunosenescence that is characterized by changes where adaptive
immunity...
A relationship exists between replicative senescence and cardiovascular health
Tập 2 - Trang 1-13 - 2013
A growing body of evidence demonstrates that the accumulation of senescent cells
is a plausible ageing mechanism. It has been proposed that the senescence of
vascular cells plays a causal role in the development of cardiovascular
pathologies. A key prediction arising from this hypothesis is that cultures of
cells derived from donors with cardiovascular disease will show reduced in vitro
replicativ...
The SFT-1 and OXA-1 respiratory chain complex assembly factors influence lifespan by distinct mechanisms in C. elegans
Tập 2 - Trang 1-13 - 2013
C. elegans mitochondrial (Mit) mutants have disrupted mitochondrial electron
transport chain function, yet, surprisingly, they are often long-lived, a
property that has offered unique insights into the molecular mechanisms of
aging. In this study, we examine the phenotypic consequences of reducing the
expression of the respiratory chain complex assembly factors sft-1 (homologous
to human SURF1) an...
The role of mitochondria in longevity and healthspan
Tập 3 - Trang 1-3 - 2014
The role of mitochondria in aging and disease remains contentious more than
40 years after the mitochondrial free radical theory of aging was first
proposed. As part of a wider cross-journal series on contemporary mitochondrial
biology, Longevity & Healthspan presents a thematic series of four reviews that
discuss the evidence for and against the modern incarnations of the theory, and
examine the ...
The secreted protein S100A7 (psoriasin) is induced by telomere dysfunction in human keratinocytes independently of a DNA damage response and cell cycle regulators
Tập 3 - Trang 1-14 - 2014
Replicative senescence is preceded by loss of repeat sequences of DNA from the
telomeres that eventually leads to telomere dysfunction, the accumulation of
irreparable DNA double strand breaks and a DNA damage response (DDR). However,
we have previously reported that whilst telomere dysfunction in human
keratinocytes is associated with a permanent cell cycle arrest, the DDR was very
weak and trans...
Evidence of changes to skeletal muscle contractile properties during the initiation of disease in the ageing guinea pig model of osteoarthritis
Tập 2 - Trang 1-9 - 2013
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disorder in the world and
represents the leading cause of pain and disability in the elderly population.
Advancing age remains the single greatest risk factor for OA. Several studies
have characterised disease development in the guinea pig ageing model of OA in
terms of its joint histopathology and inflammatory cytokine profile. However,
the quadriceps ...