Tạp chí Khoa học Sức khoẻ Đại học Quốc gia Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh

Objective: The study aims to applicate of the Beck Depression Inventory - II (BDI-II), Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) on medical students. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 61 students of the School of Medicine - Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City from 17th to 20th June, 2021. The survey by self-completed questionnaires through Google Form. The survey questionnaire is made up 2 parts: Part 1 includes 4 questions to collect background information of research participants such as age, gender, school year, major of study; Part 2 includes 60 questions to assess 3 mental health problems: depression (including 21 questions), anxiety disorders (including 20 questions) and sleep disorders (including 19 questions and divided 7 sections). Results: Our study surveyed 61 students of the School of Medicine - Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, aged from 19 to 25 years old (the average age of the participants recorded was 22.03 + 1.63). About ⅔ of the participants are female, the participants are relatively evenly distributed in all 3 majors currently training at the Faculty of Medicine in Ho Chi Minh City, including Medicine, Pharmacy and Odonto-Stomatology. The results of our study were noted: the BDI-II records the internal reliability coefficient of Cronbach's alpha is 0.86; The SAS records the internal reliability coefficient of Cronbach's alpha is 0.88 and the PSQI records the internal reliability coefficient of Cronbach's alpha is 0.63. Conclusions: The BDI-II, SAS and PSQI show good reliability and consistency. Recommended for practical use in surveying depression, anxiety disorders and sleep disorders among medical students in Vietnam.

Background: Arrhythmia is becoming an important condition of the elderly with high prevalence and frequency with increasing age. Objectives: To definite prevalence of arrhythmias in elderly inpatients treated at the Department of Cardiology of Thong Nhat Hospital - Ho Chi Minh City from January 2016 to December 2016 and the relationship between arrhythmias and some associated diseases. Methods: Retrospective study incorporating a descriptive cross-sectional study, performing a full read-back of the routine ECG on 1024 patients treated at the Department of Cardiology of Thong Nhat Hospital. Results: The rate of arrhythmias in the age 60 years and more is 51%. Arrhythmias include atrial arrhythmias (30.6%), conduction disorders (22.3%) and ventricular arrhythmias (6.6%). Atrial fibrillation accounts for 10.7%. Conclusions: Arrhythmias are frequent in the elderly and equal between men and wonmen. Atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia in the elderly and gradually increases in men after age of 60. There is no difference in the prevalence of arrhythmias among the elderly and younger people.

Background: Intensive control of low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) helps the elderly to prevent primary and secondary cardiovascular events. Objective: Study on the current status of LDL-C control in the elderly at the clinic of Health Protective Committee for High Ranking Cadre of Ca Mau province from November 2020 to January 2021 according to the 2019 European Society of Cardiology and European Atherosclerosis Society guidelines (ESC/EAS 2019). Method: Study included 674 elderly people (≥60 years of age) at the clinic of Health Protective Committee for High Ranking Cadre of Ca Mau province. This was a cross-sectional study, which collected clinical information, medical history and measured the LDL-C serum concentration to classify the cardiovascular risk and the LDL-C control status. Results: This study involved 554 males (82.20%) and 120 females (17.80%). The mean age was 69.28. The age group 60-69 accounted for the highest rate (59.35%). The proportion of the elderly with very high, high, and moderate cardiovascular risk factors according to the ESC/EAS 2019 classification was 34.27%, 44.36% and 21.37%, respectively. There was no one in the low-risk group. The achieving LDL-C target rate was 22.7%. The proportion of achieving LDL-C target in males and females was 21.48% and 28.33% (p=0.104), respectively. In the 60-69 years of age group, the proportion reached the LDL-C target was 23.25%, while the over 69 years old group reached 21.9% (p=0.681). Specific, according to the cardiovascular risk classification, the rate of elderly in the very high-risk group and the high-risk group who achieved LDL-C target was 12.99% and 18.06%, respectively, statistically significantly lower than the moderate-risk group reached 47.92 % (p<0.001). Conclusion: The rate of reaching the LDL-C target following ESC/EAS 2019 guidelines of the elderly at the clinic of Health Protective Committee for High Ranking Cadre of Ca Mau province was relatively low. The rate of the elderly in moderate cardiovascular risk group had a higher percentage of LDL-C target achievement than those in the very high-risk and high-risk groups. There was no statistically significant between reaching LDL-C target with the age and sex.

Aim: To compare the outcomes of the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) combined with open-flap debridement (OFD) and guided tissue regeneration (GTR). Material and method: Thirty individuals with a total of 60 intrabony defects were randomly assigned to one of the 2 treatment groups: group 1 (n=30): OFD combined with PRF and group 2 (n=30): guided tissue regeneration with collagen membrane. Clinical parameters, including the plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), and tooth mobility (TM) were assessed at baseline, 3, 6 and 12 months postsurgery. Radiographic parameters, including bony defect fill (BDF) and alveolar crestal resorption (ACR), were measured at baseline, 6 and 12 months postsurgery and calculated using Sopru imaging 2.38 software. The wound healing index (WHI) was assessed at 7 and 14 days postsurgery. Results : There was a statistically significant improvement in clinical periodontal and radiographic parameters at 6 and 12 months postsurgery in both groups. Between the two groups, the improvement of these parameters was similar, the difference was not statistically significant at 6 and 12 months postsurgery. Both groups had percentages of sites with the wound healing score of 1 between 81% and 100%, but group 1 had a significantly greater number than group 2 at 7 and 14 days postsurgery. Conclusion: latelet-rich fibrin combined with open-flap debridement and guided tissue regeneration with collagen membrane were similarly effective in treatment of periodontal intrabony defects. Using PRF improved better postoperative healing compared to guided tissue regeneration with collagen membrane.

Objective: Guided bone regeneration (GBR) for vertical bone augmention is an easy-to-implement approach and has a good prognosis. However, there are many different procedures that lead to different clinical outcomes. The use of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) can improve outcomes in regenerative treatments. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of vertical bone grafting by guided bone reconstruction with titanium-reinforced PTFE membrane combined with PRF. Materials and Methods: Nine patients who come to the Department of Odonto-Stomatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh City, have a need for implant treatment and have mild to moderate vertical bone deficiency. Patients are treated with bone grafting by GBR technique: using a mixture of bone grafts including autogenous bone and deproteinized bovine bone (Geistlich Bio-Oss) at a ratio of 1:1, mixed with injectable form PRF in the form of sticky bone. The vertical bone defects were protected by a titanium-reinforced d-PTFE membrane and covered by an A-PRF+ membrane. The bone gain was measured using a cone-beam computed tomography at baseline and after a period of 8 months. Results: Analyzing the research results on 9 patients, 15 research units corresponding to 15 bone grafting sites, the GBR procedures an increase in bone height (p < 0,05) after treatment. In the two-staged approach, the vertical bone gain was 3.97 ± 0.92 mm; in the group of simultaneous one-staged procedure, the vertical bone gain was 3.89 ± 1.13 mm. In general, the bone height of the study sample achieved an average of 94.16 ± 10.7% compared to the ideal bone height. Conclusion: GBR technique using a mixture of particulate autogenous bone and xenogenous bone and PRF is effective for vertical bone augmentation in maxillary and mandibular regions, ensuring favorable bone morphology, permitting sufficient bone gain to future implant placement and prosthetics.

Background: Dental caries is one of the most prevalent oral diseases, and especially more serious in people at risk such as children with cleft lip – palate. Understanding their oral status and the influencing factors will help in preventing tooth decay and improving dental health. Objective: To determine the prevalence of dental caries and risk factors in children from 1 to 5 years old with cleft lip and palate. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 174 children from 1 to 5 years old with cleft lip and palate at the hospitals affiliatated with Odonto-Stomatology faculty, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City. After a child had been examined for dental caries, his or her father/mother was directly interviewed with a questionnaire to investigate factors affecting the condition of dental caries. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed using logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of dental caries is 47.1%. The rate of caries in children aged 3-5 years is 3 times higher than that in children aged 1-5 (87.3% and 28.6%, respectively). The percentage of children with caries by geographic region has a statistically significant difference (p <0.05). The highest proportion of dental caries was found in children from the Mekong River Delta (Mekong Delta) (64.2%), the lowest one was those from the South Central Coast (43.5%). The oral hygiene method with gauze after bottle-feeding prevents dental caries 3.3 times better than other methods. Other factors such as cleft form, parents' educational level and socioeconomic status of the family have no effect on children's dental caries. Conclusion: Children from 1 to 5 years old with cleft lip – palate had high prevalence of dental caries. Attention should be paid to bottle feeding time, oral hygiene method and frequency of sugar consumption to prevent dental caries.

Objective: The research was conducted with the purpose of estimating the prevalence of Anxiety Disorder and associated factors among students of School of Medicine – Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 906 students of the School of Medicine - Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City from 9th to 30th September 2021. Full sampling technique, collecting the data by using self-completed questionnaires through Google Form. This study used the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) to assess anxiety disorders. Results: The study showed that the prevalence of anxiety disorder among students of School of Medicine - Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City was 36.2%. In which, the level of anxiety from mild to moderate, severe anxiety and extreme anxiety respectively: 27.92%; 7.4%; 0.88%. Factors associated with anxiety include: gender, having someone to share with, pressure on academic performance, pressure on family and social relationships, pressure from COVID-19, financial pressure, pressure on appearance and social networks time use. Conclusion: The prevalence of anxiety disorders among students of School of Medicine - Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City is alarming. Finding out the associated factors helps to identify groups of students that need to be prioritized in detecting mental health problems and taking appropriate measures to improve their mental health.

Objective: Determine the prevalence of gestational diabetes and related factors of pregnant women having prenatal care at Tu Du hospital in 2020. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study on 250 singleton pregnant women with gestational age from 24 to 28 weeks who had prenatal care at Tu Du hospital in 2020. All pregnant women were tested for oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) using the 2015 American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria for diagnosis of gestational diabetes. Based on the structured questionnaire, we interviewed pregnant women about socioeconomic characteristics, diet and obstetrical history and got information for health status and OGTT in prenatal care records. Results: The prevalence of gestational diabetes of pregnant women who came to Tu Du hospital for prenatal care in 2020 was 32%, 95% CI [26.3-38.2]. The related factors to gestational diabetes with statistical significance are: (1) BMI before pregnancy R=1.18, 95% CI [1.07- 1.31], p=0.001 (2) past history number of gestational diabetes R= 5.23, 95% CI [1.56-17.54], p= 0.005, (3) eating yogurt  > 5 days/week, > 1 box/ day R=1.14, 95% CI [1.01-1.28], p=0.038. Conclusions: Prevalence of gestational diabetes is 32%, which is a matter of great concern at the moment. There should be recommendations on a reasonable diet and closely monitored during pregnancy with particular emphasis on high risk pregnancy for pregnant women to reduce the risk of gestational diabetes.

Overview: Hepatocellular carcinoma is a complex disease and has a high mortality rate. Identifying biomarkers that can use to diagnose early and prognosis of HCC is essential to reduce the burden of HCC on patients, families, and society. Methods: The bioinformatics methods were used to study the expression of the SET nuclear proto-oncogene gene in cells, tissues, and the correlation of SET with hepatocellular carcinoma. The data from the open databases were used in this study include COMPARTMENTS, Kaplan-Meier Plotter, STRING, TIMER, UALCAN, The Cancer Genome Atlas database, and Gene Expression Omnibus. Results: At the cellular level, the expression level of the SET gene was highest in the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, cytosol. The SET gene's mRNA expression appeared in all body tissues.  The TPM median of the SET gene in liver tissue was 33.42. The expression level of SET in hepatocellular carcinoma tissue was higher than that in non-cancer tissue for both males and females. The SET gene is an independent factor for the diagnosis and prognosis of HCC. Patients with high SET expression have a short survival time and a higher rate of recurrence than patients with low SET expression. The SET expression has a significant correlation with B cells, CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and especially dendritic cells in hepatocellular carcinoma. Conclusion: High expression level of SET related to a poor prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. This study demonstrates that the SET is a potential biomarker for early diagnosis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Cystic abdominal tumors are extremely common and now they are diagnosed more frequently and earlier due to availability of better imaging modalities. Giant ovarian cysts (GOC) are fluid-filled sac or pocket measuring more than 10 cm developed at the expense of the female gonad. GOCs are rare nowadays due to early diagnosis and appropriate management thanks to new diagnostic technology. Occasionally, infectious GOCs still occur. This case study describes how a substantial ovarian cyst might cause ascites in a postmenopausal lady to be misdiagnosed. Factors related to the late hospitalization of giant ovarian cyst have also been noted. Case presentation: Data were collected by historical review, clinical examination, laboratory investigation, imaging examination, and by histopathological study of the excised surgical specimen. We present a clinical case of a 62-year-old woman admitted to our emergency department with abdominal pain and distention misdiagnosed as a massive ascites. Abdominopelvic ultrasound scan revealed a left giant multiloculated ovarian cyst and the same result was confirmed with amulti-slice computed tomography (MSCT) scan of the abdomen and pelvis. She then had a safe left salpingo-oophorectomy performed after laparotomy in Binh Dan hospital, followed by an uneventful postoperative stay. The histopathology of the operative specimen indicated mucinous cystadenoma of the ovary. Conclusion: GOC may manifest as significant ascites, which can perplex clinicians in clinical practice. We submit this case to raise the possibility of giant ovarian cysts in all women who arrive with substantial ascites, necessitating the need to rule them out. An abdominal and pelvic ultrasound scan may help with the diganosis in environments with limited resources. When there is a suspicion of an intra-abdominal cyst in cases of ascites, paracentesis should generally be avoided.