Tạp chí Khoa học Sức khoẻ Đại học Quốc gia Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh

Conjunctivochalasis was defined as loose and nonedematous redundant conjunctiva located between the ocular globe and eyelids, especially at the lower fornix. These redundant conjunctival folds cause a range of symptoms, including grittiness, dryness, epiphora and blurry vision etc. due to the interior nasal punctum blockage and decreased tear film stability. Decreased tear film stability, pooling tears in the eyelid cul-de-sac, tear meniscus disruption, increasing mechanical friction, cause corneal epithelial damage and ocular surface inflammation. Conjunctivochalasis is a common ocular surface disease but well overlooked and often misdiagnosed with dry eye, meibomian gland disease or allergic conjunctivitis. The difficulty in diagnosing conjunctivochalasis is that the symptoms are non-specific, the onset is insidious and many clinicians do not recognize the significance of the conjunctival folds. Surgical treatment is indicated when refractory to medical management (artificial tears, anti-inflammation eyedrops) in order to reconstruct the conjunctival surface and tear menicus function. To better understand the efficacy of surgical management of conjunctivochalasis, we report a case of conjunctival resection before and three months after surgery.

Purposes: To compare clinical outcomes between Wavelight Allegretto Eye-Q 400Hz and Schwind Amaris 1050RS in high myopic astigmatism. Methods: non-randomized, controlled, interventional study of 90 eyes with at least 1.5diopter astigmatism, assigned into two groups depends to the L machine and followed up three months post-op. Primary outcomes include uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), subjective refraction spherical equivalent (SRSE), cylinder, safety and efficacy indices, refractive predictability and stability; and optical aberration and contrast sensitivity changes after surgery. Besides, Alpins method about residual astigmatism is also analyzed and compared between groups. Results: Safety index of Schwind Amaris and Allegretto group is 1.011 ± 0.169 and 1.007 ± 0.055 (p = 0.510); effective index is 1 ± 0.032 and 0.991 ± 0.077 (p = 0.567; stability index is 0.003 and 0.1 (p = 0.134); predictability index within [±0.5D] after three-month postop is 91.1% and 95.6% (p = 0.398), respectively. Post-op residual astigmatism in Schwind Amaris and Allegretto group is -0.139 ± 0.22 and -0.183 ± 0.27 (p = 0.396). Regarding Alpins method in astigmatic analysis of Schwind Amaris and Allegretto groups: SIA (surgically induced astigmatism) is 1.792 ± 0.534 and 1.920 ± 0.588 (p = 0.284); AE (angle of error) is 1.04 ± 2.881 and -0.08 ± 3.790 (p = 0.119); CI (correction index) is 0.98 ± 0.107 and 1.02 ± 0.142 (p = 0.165); SAS (Success of Astigmatism Surgery) is 92.01 ± 12.77 and 89.78 ± 16.32 (p = 0.472), respectively. Contrast sensitivity and higher optical aberration changes after surgery between two groups are insignificant differences (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Clinical outcomes of both lasers machine are good. There is no significant differences in residual astigmatism and high-order aberrations or contrast sensitivity changes after surgery between two groups.

Background: Diagnostic criteria for intrapartum fetal distress are still inconsistent. Currently, widely used tool in clinical practice is intrapartum fetal heart rate (FHR) monitoring in labor because of its convenience, non-invasiveness. Intrapartum. In contrast, the presence of prolonged deceleration in intrapartum FHR monitoring has a high predictive value of fetal distress compared with the absence of a deceleration. To evaluate the significance of prolonged deceleration intrapartum, it is necessary to combine the clinical context with features of fetal heart rate monitoring, that forms reasons and outcomes of prolonged deceleration – a “dangerous” type of deceleration in labor. Objectives: To describe the clinical characteristics and pregnancy outcomes of patients with prolonged deceleration in intrapartum FHR monitoring. Methods: A retrospective review of the medical records of four patients have at least an appeared prolonged deceleration in intrapartum FHR monitoring at Tu Du Hospital. Results: The present study consisted of four patients with prolonged deceleration in intrapartum FHR monitoring, in which 1 case was recorded placental abruption and 1 case had umbilical cord prolapse. All cases with prolonged deceleration were actively managed by emergency cesarean section or operative vaginal delivery, and there were no cases of postpartum asphyxia, 4 cases had APGAR 5 min ≥ 7. Conclusion: Prolonged deceleration in intrapartum FHR monitoring is a manifestation of acute hypoxia due to many dangerous causes such as placental abruption, umbilical cord prolapse, hypertonic uterine contraction. When there is a prolonged deceleration in fetal heart rate, it is necessary to combine it with the clinical characteristics and risk factors in pregnancy to diagnose the cause of the deceleration and promptly give appropriate treatment.

Background: Child Oral Health Impact Profile (COHIP) is a tool to evaluate the impact of oral health related to quality of life. However, there is no Vietnamese standardized COHIP version in Vietnam. This study assessed the validity and reliability of the Vietnamese version of COHIP questionnaire (COHIP-VIET) among Vietnamese children from 12 to 15 years old. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed in 853 children from 12 to 15 years old in Ho Chi Minh city from 5/2020 to 4/2021. The original English version of COHIP was translated into Vietnamese (COHIP-VIET) and then backward-translated into English by two dental specialists with certified English level. The COHIP-VIET was reviewed by a specialist committee and was pilot-studied in 30 children from 12-15 years old before performing a main study. The COHIP-VIET was retested with 25% of the sample after two weeks. The Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC) and Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were utilized in this study. Results: The COHIP-VIET was constructed in this study. COHIP score of 12-15 year-old children ranged from 46 to 153. The COHIP-VIET had high reliability with ICC= 0.884 (95% CI= 0.843 – 0.914) and Cronbach’s alpha= 0.88. Conclusions: The COHIP-VIET has high validity and reliability. This questionaire can be used in self-evaluation oral health related quality of life among Vietnamese children from 12 to 15 years old.

Colonic lipomas are benign tumors resulting from the proliferation of mature fat cells. Gastrointestinal lipomas are rare, often asymptomatic, and most are detected through diagnostic imaging devices such as colonoscopy and abdominal-pelvic computed tomography. Lipomas of the colon were first reported by Bauer in 1757 and are most often located in the ascending colon near cecum. Approximately 90% of colonic lipomas are located in the submucosa. The remainder of these tumors is intramucosal in origin. The reported incidence of colonic lipoma ranges from 0,2% to 4,4%. These fatty tumors are rarely greater than 2 cm in size and are rarely symptomatic. Lipomas that grow more than 4 cm in size can lead to obstruction and intussusception requiring surgical or endoscopic resection. Colonic lipomas may be challenging to diagnose as they may be asymptomatic for a long time or misdiagnosed as other's conditions. Atypical etiologies of intestinal obstruction should be considered in patients with persistent intermittent abdominal discomfort. Even though benign, some abdominal tumor conditions may be presented as cases of emergency care. Symptomatic colonic lipomas can be managed by endoscopy or surgery. Polypectomy through endoscopy is the treatment choice for lipomas considered of low complication risk. These are lipomas with less than 2 cm diameter or pedunculated lipomas with a thin tail. When greater than 2 cm, surgery represents the standard therapeutic option for lipomas. In this report, we present two cases of symptomatic colonic lipomas: one case of splenic flexure lipoma and one case of lipoma in the sigmoid colon. Both cases have been noted with intestinal obstruction. Those two patients performed laparoscopic colectomy. The operation and post-operative recovery were satisfactory. Both of the patients were discharged after taking seven days of post-operative care. Through this article, we would like to introduce the incidence, clinical features, diagnostic facilities, and surgical treatment of this benign tumor.

Biodegradable porous silica nanoparticles (B-PMO) have been developed as a great promising in targeted drug delivery. In this review, we introduce our research for design, synthesis and development of B-PMO nanomaterials with biodegradable organic framework for anticancer drugs delivery applications. The biodegradable organic linker, incorporated into the structure, responds to the specific conditions in the tumor and then nanoparticles can be degraded and further eliminated from the body. The accumulation of NPs into tumor spheroid and inhibit of tumor growth were demonstrated. In particular, anticancer drug-loaded B-PMO inhibited the tumor growth in a chicken egg model and reduced significantly side effects toward the organs of the chicken embryo. The results of research and development of biodegradable-based silica nanomaterials show their potential in cancer treatment.

Objectives: To determine causes of pancytopenia in children via bone marrow aspiration at Hematology Department, Children hospital 1; clinical characteristics, time to diagnostic; peripheral blood smear and bone marrow examination. Sample: Children with pancytopenia and bone marrow examination performed, at Hematology Department, Children hospital 1, from July 2017 to May 2018. Design: Case-series study. Results: A total of 96 patients were admitted to our department for bone marrow aspiration for pancytopenia during the study period. The most common diagnosis was hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), 58.3%, followed by acute lymphoblastic leukemia with 26.0% and acute myeloid leukemia with 4.2%. The median duration of diagnosis (from first symptom to bone marrow aspiration) was 13.5 days (range, 4–31 days) in malignancy, 10.5 days in HLH (range, 4–49 days), and 13 days in aplastic anemia or bone marrow hypoplasia (range, 8–23 days). The peripheral blood smear showed blasts CA/blast in 88.0% cases with leukemia. Bone marrow aspiration showed hypocellularity in 10.4%, normocellularity in 68.8%, hypercellularity in 20.8%. Conclusions: In our hospital the most common causes of pancytopenia were hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis followed by acute leukemia. Routinely following a panel of screening tests to all children with newly pancytopenia, including complete blood cell count and peripheral blood smear is recommended. Bone marrow aspiration should be considered early. A definitive diagnosis could be made based solely on a single bone marrow aspiration in a significant fraction of cases in pediatric pancytopenia; some cases may require clinical follow-up and/or repeat bone marrow aspiration/biopsy for definitive diagnosis.

Lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory disease in the skin, hair, nails, and mucous membranes. Like in other sites, oral lichen planus (OLP) includes asymptomatic and flare-up or symptomatic periods. The symptomatic period is characterized by erosive, ulcerative, or painful symptoms. In addition, some lesions may have potentially malignant transformation. Despite many molecular-based studies, the OLP etiology is still unclear. Hence, there is no gold-standard therapy for OLP so far. The management of symptomatic lesions is based on each individual’s clinical features, and treatment outcomes are often unpredictable. That explains why most dentists are not confident in dealing with this disease. Nevertheless, there is a consensus among the majority of authors that the pathogenesis of OLP, as an immune-mediated disease, is related to T-lymphocyte immunological dysfunction. Medical treatment, using immunosuppressant therapies or immunomodulators, aims (1) to alleviate painful symptoms, (2) to heal the ulcerative and atrophic lesions, (3) to reduce the risk of malignant transformation, and (4) to prolong the symptom‑free intervals. This review article aims to synthesize current literature evidence and integrate the authors’ experience in suggesting a stepwise approach to manage OLP patients.

Background: Endodontic surgery is one of the tooth-conserving interventions indicated when conventional endodontic treatment fails for teeth with periapical lesions with the conventional classical method using handpiece with drill for osteotomy, apectomy, sinus creation and retrograde filling with Amalgam. Today, many studies have shown that when applying improvements in surgery such as the use of ultrasonic instruments for osteotomy, apectomy, sinus creation and retrograde filling with biomaterial Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) helps to reduce pain and swelling, to increases the clinical healing rate after surgery, thereby contributing to increase the success after intervention. Objectives: To investigate the clinical outcomes and evaluate clinical healing after endodontic surgery using ultrasound instruments and retrograde fillings with MTA materials. Materials and methods: This quasi experimental study carried out on 24 pernament teeth, one maxillary root in 16 patients (8 males and 8 females), whose periapical lesions of teeth with indication for endodontic surgery, who came for examinaton and treatment at Department of Dentistry, 175 Military Hospital from 10 /2021 to 10 /2022. Before surgery, patients were recorded with clinically relevant features. Endodontic surgery was performed according to the standard procedure of the Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Odonto-Stomatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh City, using ultrasonic instruments and root -end filling with MTA material. Pain and swelling at 1, 3, 7 days after surgery were assessed according to the variable VAS scale of Pasqualini et al (2005). Clinical healing assessment according to the criteria of Gutmann (1994). Results: Before surgery, most of the damaged teeth were not endodontic treatment (66,7%), pain (70,8%), swelling (87,5%), no pus fistula in the gums (70,8%), no fixed prosthesis (33,3%), discolored (58,3%), . At 1, 3, 7 days after surgery, most of the studied cases had mild pain, mild swelling; this level of pain, swelling gradually decreases over time; the difference in the rate of pain and swelling rates was evident at the 1st and 7th day after surgery and was statistically significant (with p < 0,001). The average pain score was 0,792 ± 0,588; 0,458 ± 0,509 and 0,083 ± 0,282 with the difference in mean pain score at 1, 3, 7 days after surgery was statistically significant ( p < 0,001). The mean swelling score was 1,375 ± 0,647; 0,833 ± 0,637 and 0,125 ± 0,338 with the difference in mean swelling score at 1, 3, 7 days after surgery was statistically significant (p < 0,001). At 3, 6 month after surgery, most of the teeth had a high clinical healing rate (including complete healing and incomplete healing) with the rate of 87,5% (3 months) and 91,7% (6 months), respectively. There was no difference in clinical healing rates between 3 and 6 months postoperatively. Conclusion: Endodontic surgery using ultrasonic instruments and retrograde filling with MTA has mild postoperative pain and swelling; achieve a high clinical healing rate. This technique contributes significantly to the success of surgery, helps improve treatment efficiency, and improves oral health for patients.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the safety and adverse pregnancy outcomes during and after laparoscopy versus laparotomy for the treatment of ovarian cysts during pregnancy at Tu Du hospital from January 2015 to January 2021. Materials and method: Retrospective cohort study on 309 pregnant women who have ovarian cysts and satisfy the selective criteria at Tu Du hospital from 1/2015 to 1/2021. Result: The total rate of complications in laparotomy was 3.2%; including 0.65% of abdominal wound, 0.65% of internal bleeding, and 1.95% of blood transfusion. No complication in laparoscopy was recorded in the study. The total rate of adverse pregnancy outcomes in laparotomy was 2.60%, which is nearly equally distributed into the threatened miscarriage rate, the miscarriage rate, the rate of premature rupture of membranes in preterm labor, and the stillbirth rate (each rate was approximately 0.65%). Conclusion: There was no adverse event of fetal outcome of laparoscopic operation for ovarian cysts during pregnancy. There was no difference in maternal and fetal complications in both laparotomy and laparoscopy for ovarian cysts during pregnancy.