Viêm phúc mạc ruột thừa là gì? Các công bố khoa học về Viêm phúc mạc ruột thừa
Viêm phúc mạc ruột thừa, hay còn gọi là viêm ruột thừa, là một tình trạng viêm nhiễm của ruột thừa, một cơ quan nằm ở cuối ruột non. Viêm ruột thừa thường xảy ra khi ruột bị tắc nghẽn, thường do bít kín một đoạn ruột bằng tạp chất hoặc áp xe bởi phù quản. Nếu không được điều trị kịp thời, viêm ruột thừa có thể gây biến chứng nguy hiểm, như viêm tử cung, áp xe ruột, hoặc phá vỡ ruột thừa. Triệu chứng của viêm phúc mạc ruột thừa thường bao gồm đau bụng, buồn nôn, nôn mửa, sốt, tăng nhịp tim, và thậm chí có thể gây sốc nếu không được xử lý kịp thời. Điều trị thông thường cho viêm phúc mạc ruột thừa là phẫu thuật cắt bỏ ruột thừa bị viêm.
Để hiểu rõ hơn về viêm phúc mạc ruột thừa, ta cần tìm hiểu về cấu trúc và chức năng của ruột thừa.
Ruột thừa là một cơ quan nhỏ hình ống nằm trong hệ tiêu hóa, thường nằm phía bên phải của vùng bụng. Chức năng chính của ruột thừa chưa được biết rõ, tuy nhiên, cho đến nay quan niệm chung là ruột thừa không cần thiết cho sự sống và có thể được gắp bỏ đi mà không gây tác động đáng kể đến sức khỏe.
Viêm phúc mạc ruột thừa xảy ra khi vi khuẩn trong ruột hoặc chất lạ bào tử nghiếch đến ruột thừa và gây nhiễm trùng. Thường nguyên nhân chính của viêm phúc mạc ruột thừa là tắc nghẽn, khi một tạp chất như phân tụ tựa vào một phần của ruột non làm cản trở lưu chất đi qua. Do tạp chất này không thể thoát ra, nắm bắt khí tự nhiên trong ruột non, và gây cản trở lưu chất đi qua ruột non.
Người mắc viêm phúc mạc ruột thừa thường trải qua các triệu chứng sau:
- Đau bụng phần trên hoặc phần trung tâm bên phải của vùng bụng. Đau có thể bắt đầu nhẹ nhàng và sau đó gia tăng theo thời gian và có thể di chuyển về vị trí gần ruột thừa.
- Mất cảm giác đói.
- Buồn nôn, nôn mửa.
- Tăng nhịp tim.
- Sốt.
Nếu bạn có những triệu chứng trên, cần gặp bác sĩ để được xác định chẩn đoán. Trong trường hợp viêm phúc mạc ruột thừa được xác định, điều trị thông thường là phẫu thuật để cắt bỏ ruột thừa bị viêm. Quá trình phục hồi sau phẫu thuật thường kéo dài từ vài ngày đến vài tuần, tùy thuộc vào sự nghiêm trọng của tình trạng và quá trình phẫu thuật.
Danh sách công bố khoa học về chủ đề "viêm phúc mạc ruột thừa":
GLI 2012 equations define few spirometric anomalies in the general population: the PneumoLaus study
Respiratory Research - Tập 19 - Trang 1-9 - 2018
Reduced lung function predicts increased mortality, but its prevalence may vary depending on definition considered, use of bronchodilation and applied reference values. We aimed to assess lung function abnormalities in Lausanne, Switzerland, and their association with clinical history. In a general population sample, spirometry was performed and bronchodilation applied if the ratio forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) / forced vital capacity (FVC) or the FVC was below the lower limit of normal (LLN) according to Global Lung Function Initiative 2012 references. Results for FEV1/FVC according to the LLN were compared to the 0.7 fixed ratio. Respiratory risk factors, symptoms and self-reported respiratory diagnoses were recorded through a questionnaire. Out of the 3342 included subjects, 3.8% had chronic obstruction and 2.5% reversible obstruction when using the LLN; possible lung restriction alone was present in 1.8%, and associated with chronic obstruction in 0.4%. Ever smokers had a higher prevalence of abnormal spirometry, chronic obstruction and reversible obstruction; there was no difference with regard to possible restriction. Overall, chronic airway obstruction was found in 8.9% of current smokers, 4.6% of former smokers and 1.5% of never smokers. Only one third of participants with chronic obstruction were aware of a respiratory disease. Prevalence of abnormal lung function in the population of Lausanne is low. This may be due to a low rate of ever-smokers, the application of a full bronchodilation dose, but also to inherent characteristics of this population.
Nachhaltigkeit und ihre Bedeutung für die Soziale Arbeit
Sozial Extra - Tập 47 Số 5 - Trang 259-263 - 2023
Vor dem Hintergrund der Notwendigkeit klimakrisenbedingter gesellschaftlicher Veränderungen und der immer offensichtlicher werdenden Tatsache, dass diese Veränderungen eine grundlegende Umgestaltung des Sozialen bedeuten und damit Soziale Arbeit in ihrem disziplinären wie professionellen Kern adressiert ist, ist in der Sozialen Arbeit in den letzten zwei bis drei Jahren eine Diskussion um ökologische, soziale und ökonomische Nachhaltigkeit entstanden. Der Artikel fasst diese Diskussion zusammen und stellt bislang noch offene Fragen und inhaltliche Lücken heraus. Als Ergebnis lässt sich festhalten, dass Soziale Arbeit angesichts der drohenden Krisen und anstehenden Veränderungsnotwendigkeiten auf subjektiver wie gesellschaftlicher Ebene mehr denn je gefordert ist, sich wieder als professionelle Unterstützung zivilgesellschaftlicher Politikgestaltung zu verstehen und entsprechend zu agieren.
Aktinische Keratose: photodynamische Therapie mit guter Langzeitwirkung
hautnah dermatologie - Tập 37 - Trang 21-21 - 2021
Contribution of Mechanical Activation on the Growth of Intermetallic Compound Layers at the Cu/Al Interface During Vacuum Hot Pressing
Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals - Tập 75 Số 8 - Trang 2129-2137 - 2022
In the present paper, the Cu/Al diffusion couples were successfully prepared using high-energy ball milling and vacuum hot pressing sintering. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of mechanical activation on the growth of intermetallic compound layers at the Cu/Al interface during hot pressing. Various results were obtained via X-ray diffractometry and field emission scanning electron microscopy analysis. Results showed that from the Cu side to Al side, Cu9Al4, CuAl, and CuAl2 phases can be identified successively at the interface. In particular, a large number of pores are dispersed in the Cu matrix and Cu9Al4 layer of the samples after ball milling, and the interface between Cu and Cu9Al4 phase is blurred. In addition, compared with the unmilled sample, the thickness of the intermetallic compound layer at the Cu/Al interface of the ball-milled sample increases significantly. In terms of a single layer, although mechanical activation can improve atomic diffusivity, the growth of intermetallic compound layer is also affected by holding time. Due to the different relative positions of various intermetallic compounds at the interface, the thickness of the intermetallic compound layer near the Cu side increases significantly with a shorter holding time, while the thickness of the intermetallic compound layer near the Al side requires a longer holding time.
Macroprolactinomas: CT evaluation of reduction of tumor size after medical treatment
Neuroradiology - Tập 23 - Trang 123-126 - 1982
Thirty patients with macroprolactinomas were treated with dopaminergic drugs from a minimum of 4 months to a maximum of 6 years. Tumor size was evaluated with serial CT during treatment; serum prolactin levels and visual fields were also assessed at the same time. Reduction of PRL levels was found in 28 patients of whom 20 also had marked reduction of tumor volume on CT. Two patterns of reduction of size of tumor in relation with time were observed. In one, tumor shrinkage occurred rapidly in the first month and even in the first week after starting treatment. In the other pattern the tumor reduced in size only after some months of treatment. It is proposed that all patients with macroprolactinomas should be treated medically before considering surgery. A radiological diagnostic and research protocol is proposed, including scout views, thin slices, coronal sections, objective measurement of tumor size and density, serial CTs at 7, 21, 45 days, 6 months and then every year after the beginning of treatment.
Two-dimensional clusters in digital metallographic images of steel’s ferritic-pearlitic microstructure
Russian Engineering Research - Tập 32 - Trang 347-352 - 2012
The prospects for cluster theory in the analysis of digital metallographic images of steel’s ferritic-pearlitic microstructure are shown. The distribution and correlation characteristics of pearlite clusters on metallographic images are of particular interest for linear and planimetric analysis.
Hannah Arendt and Sigmund Freud on Sexual Identity in 2020
Sexuality & Culture - Tập 25 - Trang 835-851 - 2021
While more and more scholars are turning to the respective works of Hannah Arendt and Sigmund Freud to explain phenomena unknown to their times, such as the impact of the internet, few are using a synthesis of their ideas in political theory and psychoanalysis to understand modern topics. Even rarer is the inclination to draw parallels between the two thinkers on the question of sexual identity. In this article, I use Hannah Arendt and Sigmund Freud to discuss major features of modern sexuality: the experience of coming out, the identification as straight, gay visibility online, and the struggle for gay rights. I show that a knowledge of Arendtian and Freudian concepts, and particularly a marriage between them, is essential to investigate recent trends, topics and controversies related to sexual identity.
A Surgeon’s Guide to Understanding Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Studies in Orthopaedic Surgery
Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - Tập 15 - Trang 121-132 - 2022
In recent years, machine learning techniques have been increasingly utilized across medicine, impacting the practice and delivery of healthcare. The data-driven nature of orthopaedic surgery presents many targets for improvement through the use of artificial intelligence, which is reflected in the increasing number of publications in the medical literature. However, the unique methodologies utilized in AI studies can present a barrier to its widespread acceptance and use in orthopaedics. The purpose of our review is to provide a tool that can be used by practitioners to better understand and ultimately leverage AI studies. The increasing interest in machine learning across medicine is reflected in a greater utilization of AI in recent medical literature. The process of designing machine learning studies includes study design, model choice, data collection/handling, model development, training, testing, and interpretation. Recent studies leveraging ML in orthopaedics provide useful examples for future research endeavors. This manuscript intends to create a guide discussing the use of machine learning and artificial intelligence in orthopaedic surgery research. Our review outlines the process of creating a machine learning algorithm and discusses the different model types, utilizing examples from recent orthopaedic literature to illustrate the techniques involved.
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