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Các Mô Hình Liên Kết Hydro: Chức Năng và Phân Tích Tập Hợp Đồ thị Trong Tinh Thể Dịch bởi AI Tóm tắt Trong khi phần lớn hóa học hữu cơ truyền thống tập trung vào việc chuẩn bị và nghiên cứu tính chất của các phân tử đơn lẻ , một phần ngày càng quan trọng của hoạt động nghiên cứu hóa học hiện nay liên quan đến việc hiểu và sử dụng bản chất của tương tác giữa các phân tử. Hai lĩnh vực tiêu biểu của sự phát ... ...
Tập 34 Số 15 - Trang 1555-1573 - 1995
#hóa học siêu phân tử #nhận dạng phân tử #lực liên phân tử #liên kết hydro #lý thuyết đồ thị #tinh thể phân tử
Supramolecular Synthons in Crystal Engineering—A New Organic SynthesisAbstract A crystal of an organic compound is the ultimate supermolecule, and its assembly, governed by chemical and geometrical factors, from individual molecules is the perfect example of solid‐state molecular recognition. Implicit in the supramolecular description of a crystal structure is the fact that molecules in a crystal are held together by noncovalent inter... ...
Tập 34 Số 21 - Trang 2311-2327 - 1995
Polyoxometalate Chemistry: An Old Field with New Dimensions in Several DisciplinesAbstract Inorganic metal–oxygen cluster anions form a class of compounds that is unique in its topological and electronic versatility and is important in several disciplines. Names such as Berzelius , Werner , and Pauling appear in the early literature of the field. These clusters (so‐cal... ...
Tập 30 Số 1 - Trang 34-48 - 1991
The Palladium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reactions of Organotin Reagents with Organic Electrophiles [New Synthetic Methods (58)]Abstract The cross‐coupling of organotin reagents with a variety of organic electrophiles, catalyzed by palladium, provides a novel method for generating a carbon‐carbon bond. Because this mild, versatile reaction is tolerant of a wide variety of functional groups on either coupling partner, is stereospecific and regioselective, and gives high yields of product, it ... ...
Tập 25 Số 6 - Trang 508-524 - 1986
Starburst Dendrimers: Molecular‐Level Control of Size, Shape, Surface Chemistry, Topology, and Flexibility from Atoms to Macroscopic MatterAbstract Starburst dendrimers are three‐dimensional, highly ordered oligomeric and polymeric compounds formed by reiterative reaction sequences starting from smaller molecules—“initiator cores” such as ammonia or pentaerythritol. Protecting group strategies are crucial in these syntheses, which proceed via discrete “Aufbau” stages referred to as generations. Critica... ...
Tập 29 Số 2 - Trang 138-175 - 1990
Molecular Imprinting in Cross‐Linked Materials with the Aid of Molecular Templates— A Way towards Artificial AntibodiesAbstract Can binding sites be produced in organic or inorganic polymers—similar to those in antibodies—which are able to recognize molecules and which may have catalytic action? In this article we review a method, analogous to a mechanism of antibody formation proposed earlier, by which in the presence of interacting monomers a cross‐linked polymer is formed around ... ...
Tập 34 Số 17 - Trang 1812-1832 - 1995
Simple Method for the Esterification of Carboxylic AcidsAddition of 4‐dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) accelerates the dicyclohexylcarbo‐diimide (DCC)‐activated esterification of carboxylic acids to such an extent that side reactions are eliminated and even sensitive acids such 2,5‐cyclohexadiene‐1‐carboxylic acid readily form the tert ‐butyl ester. DMAP has so far been used mainly as acylation catal...
Tập 17 Số 7 - Trang 522-524 - 1978
Specification of Molecular ChiralityAbstract The topological analysis of chiral molecular models has provided the framework of a general system for the specification of their chirality. The application, made in and before 1956, of this system to organic‐chemical configurations is generally retained, but is redefined with respect to certain types of structure, largely in the light of experience gained ... ...
Tập 5 Số 4 - Trang 385-415 - 1966
Proton Transfer, Acid‐Base Catalysis, and Enzymatic Hydrolysis. Part I: ELEMENTARY PROCESSESAbstract The proton occupies a special position as a promoter and mediator in chemical reactions occurring in solution. Many reactions in organic chemistry are catalysed by acids or bases; likewise, most enzymes contain active groups which promote acid‐base catalysis. To understand the reaction mechanisms involved, it is necessary to identify the elementary steps as... ...
Tập 3 Số 1 - Trang 1-19 - 1964