Materials Horizons

Electronic levels and energies of a solid, such as Fermi level, vacuum level, work function, ionization energy or electron affinity, are of paramount importance for the control of device behavior, charge carrier injection and transport.

This review systematically summarizes the limitations of solid electrolytes including inorganic solid electrolytes, solid polymer electrolytes, and composite solid electrolytes.

The state-of-the-art developments in the photocatalytic reduction of N₂ to NH₃ are presented by classifying the photocatalysts based on chemical composition. Additionally, the correlation between the modification of catalysts and their photocatalytic activity is highlighted.

The concept of electronic dimensionality,i.e., the connectivity of the atomic orbitals that comprise the lower conduction band and upper valence band, is introduced to better account for the device performance of the perovskite-based solar cells.

Carbon-based nanomaterials emerge as promising platforms for theranostic applications in disease treatment and tissue repair.

Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are hybrid crystalline materials, exhibiting high specific surface areas, controllable pore sizes and surface chemistry.

Nature-inspired ionic conductors based on supramolecular nanofibril are developed for flexible and stretchable strain/pressure sensors.

Stretchable, self-healing, and fatigue resistant polyzwitterionic nanocomposite hydrogels with polydopamine robustly adhere to the heart and lungs for in situ monitoring of dynamic motions through wireless transmission.

This review addresses the importance of the air–electrode structure and the microstructures of the catalyst for rechargeable zinc–air batteries.