Inge Hamming, Wim Timens, MLC Bulthuis, A. Titia Lely, G. Navis, Harry van Goor
AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is an acute infectious disease
that spreads mainly via the respiratory route. A distinct coronavirus (SARS‐CoV)
has been identified as the aetiological agent of SARS. Recently, a
metallopeptidase named angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) has been
identified as the functional receptor for SARS‐CoV. Although ACE2 mRNA is known
to be present in virt... hiện toàn bộ
AbstractFibrosis is defined by the overgrowth, hardening, and/or scarring of
various tissues and is attributed to excess deposition of extracellular matrix
components including collagen. Fibrosis is the end result of chronic
inflammatory reactions induced by a variety of stimuli including persistent
infections, autoimmune reactions, allergic responses, chemical insults,
radiation, and tissue injur... hiện toàn bộ
AbstractAutophagy is a self‐degradative process that is important for balancing
sources of energy at critical times in development and in response to nutrient
stress. Autophagy also plays a housekeeping role in removing misfolded or
aggregated proteins, clearing damaged organelles, such as mitochondria,
endoplasmic reticulum and peroxisomes, as well as eliminating intracellular
pathogens. Thus, au... hiện toàn bộ
Alberto Mantovani, Subhra K. Biswas, Maria Rosaria Galdiero, Antonio Sica, Massimo Locati
AbstractMononuclear phagocyte plasticity includes the expression of functions
related to the resolution of inflammation, tissue repair and remodelling,
particularly when these cells are set in an M2 or an M2‐like activation mode.
Macrophages are credited with an essential role in remodelling during
ontogenesis. In extraembryonic life, under homeostatic conditions, the
macrophage trophic and remode... hiện toàn bộ
AbstractThe role of macrophages in tumour growth and development is complex and
multifaceted. Whilst there is limited evidence that tumour‐associated
macrophages (TAMs) can be directly tumouricidal and stimulate the anti‐tumour
activity of T cells, there is now contrasting evidence that tumour cells are
able to block or evade the activity of TAMs at the tumour site. In some cases,
tumour‐derived m... hiện toàn bộ
AbstractTNF was originally described as a circulating factor that can cause
necrosis of tumours, but has since been identified as a key regulator of the
inflammatory response. This review describes the known signalling pathways and
cell biological effects of TNF, and our understanding of the role of TNF in
human disease. TNF interacts with two different receptors, designated TNFR1 and
TNFR2, which... hiện toàn bộ
A H Wyllie, Russell E. Morris, Alex Smith, David J. Dunlop
AbstractIn glucocorticoid‐treated rat thymocytes and the murine lymphoid cell
lines L5178 and S49 the morphology of apoptosis is associated with chromatin
cleavage. The cleavage is at internucleosomal sites, apparently through
activation of an endogenous endonuclease. In variants of the cell lines selected
for resistance to glucocorticoid, neither apoptosis nor chromatin cleavage were
observed aft... hiện toàn bộ
AbstractThe demonstration that fibroblastic cells acquire contractile features
during the healing of an open wound, thus modulating into myofibroblasts, has
open a new perspective in the understanding of mechanisms leading to wound
closure and fibrocontractive diseases. Myofibroblasts synthesize extracellular
matrix components such as collagen types I and III and during normal wound
healing disapp... hiện toàn bộ
AbstractInflammatory response leading to organ dysfunction and failure continues
to be the major problem after injury in many clinical conditions such as sepsis,
severe burns, acute pancreatitis, haemorrhagic shock, and trauma. In general
terms, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is an entirely normal
response to injury. Systemic leukocyte activation, however, is a direct
consequence o... hiện toàn bộ