The Royal Society
0080-4622
2054-0280
Cơ quản chủ quản: N/A
Các bài báo tiêu biểu
Cơ sở hóa học của sự hình thành mô hình Dịch bởi AI
Tập 237 Số 641 - Trang 37-72 - 1952
\n Đề xuất rằng một hệ thống các chất hóa học, gọi là morphogen, phản ứng cùng
nhau và khuếch tán qua một mô, đủ để giải thích các hiện tượng chính của quá
trình hình thành mẫu. Một hệ thống như vậy, mặc dù ban đầu có thể hoàn toàn đồng
nhất, nhưng có thể sau đó phát triển thành một mẫu hoặc cấu trúc do sự bất ổn
định của trạng thái cân bằng đồng nhất, được kích hoạt bởi các nhiễu loạn ngẫu
nhiên....
The structure of the nervous system of the nematodeCaenorhabditis elegans
Tập 314 Số 1165 - Trang 1-340 - 1986
The structure and connectivity of the nervous system of the
nematodeCaenorhabditis eleganshas been deduced from reconstructions of electron
micrographs of serial sections. The hermaphrodite nervous system has a total
complement of 302 neurons, which are arranged in an essentially invariant
structure. Neurons with similar morphologies and connectivities have been
grouped together into classes; ther...
Specific impairments of planning
Tập 298 Số 1089 - Trang 199-209 - 1982
An information-processing model is outlined that predicts that performance on
non-routine tasks can be impaired independently of performance on routine tasks.
The model is related to views on frontal lobe functions, particularly those of
Luria. Two methods of obtaining more rigorous tests of the model are discussed.
One makes use of ideas from artificial intelligence to derive a task heavily
loade...
Climate and the efficiency of crop production in Britain
Tập 281 Số 980 - Trang 277-294 - 1977
The efficiency of crop production is defined in thermodynamic terms as the ratio
of energy output (carbohydrate) to energy input (solar radiation). Temperature
and water supply are the main climatic constraints on efficiency. Over most of
Britain, the radiation and thermal climates are uniform and rainfall is the main
discriminant of yield between regions. Total production of dry matter by barley,...
The interpretation of the variations in leaf water potential and stomatal conductance found in canopies in the field
Tập 273 Số 927 - Trang 593-610 - 1976
Attempts to correlate values of stomatal conductance and leaf water potential
with particular environmental variables in the field are generally of only
limited success because they are simultaneously affected by a number of
environmental variables. For example, correlations between leaf water potential
and either flux of radiant energy or vapour pressure deficit show a diurnal
hysteresis which le...
The structure of β-lactamases
Tập 289 Số 1036 - Trang 321-331 - 1980
The β-lactamases are widely distributed in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative
bacteria. They all inactivate penicillins and cephalosporins by opening the
β-lactam ring. Many varieties of the enzyme can be distinguished on the basis of
their catalytic and molecular properties, but only amino acid sequence
determination gives information upon which a molecular phylogeny can be based.
The present e...
A memory system in the monkey
Tập 298 Số 1089 - Trang 85-95 - 1982
A neural model is presented, based largely on evidence from studies in monkeys,
postulating that coded representations of stimuli are stored in the higher-order
sensory (i.e. association) areas of the cortex whenever stimulus activation of
these areas also triggers a cortico-limbo-thalamo-cortical circuit. This
circuit, which could act as either an imprinting or rehearsal mechanism, may
actually c...
A model of cardiac electrical activity incorporating ionic pumps and concentration changes
Tập 307 Số 1133 - Trang 353-398 - 1985
Equations have been developed to describe cardiac action potentials and
pacemaker activity. The model takes account of extensive developments in
experimental work since the formulation of the M.N.T. (R. E. McAllister, D.
Noble and R. W. Tsien, J. Physiol., Lond. 251, 1-59 (1975)) and B.R. (G. W.
Beeler and H. Reuter, J. Physiol., Lond . 268, 177-210 (1977)) equations. The
current mechanism i K2 ha...
The structure of 2Zn pig insulin crystals at 1.5 Å resolution
Tập 319 Số 1195 - Trang 369-456 - 1988
The paper describes the arrangement of the atoms within rhombohedral crystals of
2Zn pig insulin as seen in electron density maps calculated from X-ray data
extending to 1.5 Å (1 Å = 10-10m = 10-1nm) at room temperature and refined toR=
0.153. The unit cell contains 2 zinc ions, 6 insulin molecules and about 3 x 283
water molecules. The atoms in the protein molecules appear well defined, 7 of
the ...
The contribution of latent human failures to the breakdown of complex systems
Tập 327 Số 1241 - Trang 475-484 - 1990
Several recent accidents in complex high-risk technologies had their primary
origins in a variety of delayed-action human failures committed long before an
emergency state could be recognized. These disasters were due to the adverse
conjunction of a large number of causal factors, each one necessary but singly
insufficient to achieve the catastrophic outcome. Although the errors and
violations of ...