Specific impairments of planning
Tóm tắt
An information-processing model is outlined that predicts that performance on non-routine tasks can be impaired independently of performance on routine tasks. The model is related to views on frontal lobe functions, particularly those of Luria. Two methods of obtaining more rigorous tests of the model are discussed. One makes use of ideas from artificial intelligence to derive a task heavily loaded on planning abilities. A group of patients with left anterior lesions has a specific deficit on the task. Subsidiary investigations support the inference that this is a planning impairment.
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Baddeley A. D. Eldridge M. & Lewis V. J. 1981 The role of subvocalization in reading. Q. J l exp. Psychol. (In the press).
Boden M. 1977 Artificial intelligence and natural man. New York: Basic Books.
Coughlan A. 1976 An investigation of selected verbal skills and verbal memory following left hemisphere lesions. Ph.D. thesis University of London.
Fuster J. M. 1980 The prefrontal cortex. New York: Raven.
Lhermitte F. Derouesne J. & Signoret J. L. 1972 Analyse neuropsychologique du syndrome frontal. Revue neurol. 127 415-440.
Luria A. R. 1966 Higher corticalfunctions in man. London: Tavistock.
McDermott J. & Forgy C. 1978 Production system conflict resolution strategies. In Pattern-directed inference systems (ed. D. A. Waterman & F. Hayes-Roth) pp. 177-199. New York: Academic Press.
Miller G. A. Galanter E. H. & Pribram K. H. i960 Plans and the structure of behavior. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Milner B. 1964 Some effects of frontal lobectomy in man. In The frontal granular cortex and behavior (ed. J. M. Warren & K. Akert) pp. 313-334. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Nelson H., 1976, A modified card sorting test sensitive to frontal lobe defects, Neuropsychologia, 12, 313
Newcombe F. 1969 Missile wounds of the brain. London: Oxford University Press.
Newell A. & Simon H. A. 1972 Human problem solving. Englewood Cliffs N .J .: Prentice-Hall.
Norman D. A. & Shallice T. 1980 Attention to action: willed and automatic control of behavior. Centerfor Human Information Processing Technical Report no. 99.
Pribram K. H. 1973 The primate frontal cortex - executive of the brain. In Psychophysiology of the frontal lobes (ed. K. H. Pribam & A. R. Luria) pp. 293-314. New York: Academic Press.
Ramier A. M. & Hecaen H. 1970 R61e respectif des attientes frontales et de la latdralisation lesionelle dans les deficits de la `fluence verbale'. Revue neurol. 123 17-22.
Reason J. T. 1979 Action not as planned. In Aspects ofconsciousness (ed. G. Underwood & R. Stevens) pp. 67-89. London: Academic Press.
Reason J. T. 1982 Lapses of attention. In Varieties of attention (ed. R. Parasuraman R. Davies & J. Beatty). New York: Academic Press. (In the press.)
Reitan R. 1964 Psychological deficits resulting from cerebral lesions in man. In The frontal granular cortex and behavior (ed. J. M. Warren & K. Akert) pp 295-312. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Rylander G. 1939 Personality changes after operations on the frontal lobes. Acta psychiat. neurol. Suppl. no. 30.
Shallice T., 1979, Case study approach in neuropsychological research. J. clin, Neuropsychol., 1, 183
Shallice T. & McCarthy R. 1982 (In preparation.)
Sussman G. J. 1975 ^ computational model of skill acquisition. New York: American Elsevier.
Teuber H-L. 1964 The riddle of frontal lobe function in man. In Thefrontal granular cortex and behaviour (ed. J. M. Warren & K. Akert) pp. 410-444. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Walsh K. W. 1978 Neuropsychology: a clinical approach. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone.
Weigl E., 1941, On the psychology of the so-called process of abstraction. J. abnorm. soc, Psychol., 36, 3