Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine
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Fully automatic carotid arterial stiffness assessment from ultrasound videos based on machine learning
Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine - Tập 46 - Trang 151-164 - 2023
Arterial stiffness (AS) refers to the loss of arterial compliance and alterations in vessel wall properties. The study of local carotid stiffness (CS) is particularly important since carotid artery stiffening raises the risk of stroke, cognitive impairment, and dementia. So, stiffness measurement as a screening tool approach is crucial because it can reduce mortality and facilitate therapy plannin......
Accuracy of a time-of-flight (ToF) imaging system for monitoring deep-inspiration breath-hold radiotherapy (DIBH-RT) for left breast cancer patients
Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine - Tập 46 - Trang 339-352 - 2023
Deep inspiration breath-hold radiotherapy (DIBH-RT) reduces cardiac dose by over 50%. However, poor breath-hold reproducibility could result in target miss which compromises the treatment success. This study aimed to benchmark the accuracy of a Time-of-Flight (ToF) imaging system for monitoring breath-hold during DIBH-RT. The accuracy of an Argos P330 3D ToF camera (Bluetechnix, Austria) was evalu......
Muscle and bone dose in paediatric limb digital radiography: a Monte Carlo evaluation
Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine - Tập 43 - Trang 79-92 - 2019
The proliferation of digital radiography (DR) has led to a re-evaluation of exposure parameters and image quality. Currently, there is a move towards reducing X-ray tube voltage (kVp) in paediatric exposures down to 40 kVp to achieve better images. However, the effect on patient dose of these modifications is uncertain. The main aims of this phantom study were to evaluate the effect of reducing th......
Commissioning measurements on an Elekta Unity MR-LinacAbstract Magnetic resonance-guided radiotherapy technology is relatively new and commissioning publications, quality assurance (QA) protocols and commercial products are limited. This work provides guidance for implementation measurements that may be performed on the Elekta Unity MR-Linac (Elekta, Stockholm, Sweden). Adaptations of vendor supplied phantoms facilitat... ...
Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine - Tập 45 Số 2 - Trang 457-473 - 2022
Influence of field of view size and reconstruction methods on single-energy metal artifact reduction: a phantom study
Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine - Tập 45 - Trang 637-642 - 2022
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of single-energy metal artifact reduction (SEMAR) for metal artifacts using CT images reconstructed with adaptive iterative dose reduction three dimensional (AIDR3D) and advanced intelligent clear-IQ engine (AiCE) in calibration-field of view of various sizes. A prosthetic hip joint was arranged at the center of the phantom. The phantom images w......
Automated anomalous child repetitive head movement identification through transformer networks
Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine - Tập 46 - Trang 1427-1445 - 2023
The increasing prevalence of behavioral disorders in children is of growing concern within the medical community. Recognising the significance of early identification and intervention for atypical behaviors, there is a consensus on their pivotal role in improving outcomes. Due to inadequate facilities and a shortage of medical professionals with specialized expertise, traditional diagnostic method......
Dynamic intrafractional position monitoring with implanted fiducial markers for enhanced accuracy in radiotherapy of prostate cancer
Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine - Tập 46 - Trang 1365-1374 - 2023
Introduction: Recent advances in the radiation therapy of prostate cancer have brought a shift toward moderate- and ultra-hypofractionated treatment schedules. Reducing safety margins can broaden the therapeutic window in stereotactic treatments and alleviate concerns for toxicity in high dose-per-fraction treatment schedules. Management of intrafractional motion is a necessity for stereotactic bo......
Ensemble of deep capsule neural networks: an application to pediatric pneumonia prediction
Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine - Tập 45 - Trang 949-959 - 2022
Pneumonia disease accounts for 15% of all deaths in children under the age of five and early detection of the disease significantly improves survival chances. In this work, we introduce a novel deep neural network model for evaluating pediatric pneumonia from chest radio-graph images. The proposed network is an ensemble of multiple candidate networks, each with interleaved convolutional and capsul......
Multi-modality MRI for Alzheimer’s disease detection using deep learning
Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine - - 2022
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a new technology in magnetic resonance imaging, which allows us to observe the insightful structure of the human body in vivo and non-invasively. It identifies the microstructure of white matter (WM) connectivity by estimating the movement of water molecules at each voxel. This makes possible the identification of the damage to WM integrity caused by Alzheimer’s d......
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