Neural Plasticity

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GABA Neuron Alterations, Cortical Circuit Dysfunction and Cognitive Deficits in Schizophrenia
Neural Plasticity - Tập 2011 - Trang 1-24 - 2011
Guillermo González‐Burgos, Kenneth N. Fish, David A. Lewis
Schizophrenia is a brain disorder associated with cognitive deficits that severely affect the patients' capacity for daily functioning. Whereas our understanding of its pathophysiology is limited, postmortem studies suggest that schizophrenia is associated with deficits of GABA-mediated synaptic transmission. A major role of GABA-mediated transmission may be producing synchronized network oscillat... hiện toàn bộ
Case Study of Ecstatic Meditation: fMRI and EEG Evidence of Self-Stimulating a Reward System
Neural Plasticity - Tập 2013 - Trang 1-12 - 2013
Michael R. Hagerty, Julian Isaacs, Leigh Brasington, Larry Shupe, Eberhard E. Fetz, Steven C. Cramer
We report the first neural recording during ecstatic meditations called jhanas and test whether a brain reward system plays a role in the joy reported. Jhanas are Altered States of Consciousness (ASC) that imply major brain changes based on subjective reports: (1) external awareness dims, (2) internal verbalizations fade, (3) the sense of personal boundaries is altered, (4) attention is highly foc... hiện toàn bộ
Amyloid-β-Induced Dysregulation of AMPA Receptor Trafficking
Neural Plasticity - Tập 2016 - Trang 1-12 - 2016
Sumasri Guntupalli, Jocelyn Widagdo, Victor Anggono
Evidence from neuropathological, genetic, animal model, and biochemical studies has indicated that the accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) is associated with, and probably induces, profound neuronal changes in brain regions critical for memory and cognition in the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). There is considerable evidence that synapses are particularly vulnerable to AD, establishing syn... hiện toàn bộ
Alterations of GABAergic Signaling in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Neural Plasticity - Tập 2011 - Trang 1-12 - 2011
Rocco Pizzarelli, Enrico Cherubini
Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) comprise a heterogeneous group of pathological conditions, mainly of genetic origin, characterized by stereotyped behavior, marked impairment in verbal and nonverbal communication, social skills, and cognition. Interestingly, in a small number of cases, ASDs are associated with single mutations in genes encoding for neuroligin-neurexin families. These are adhesion ... hiện toàn bộ
Brain Plasticity and Disease: A Matter of Inhibition
Neural Plasticity - Tập 2011 - Trang 1-11 - 2011
Laura Baroncelli, Chiara Braschi, Maria Spolidoro, Tatjana Begenisic, Lamberto Maffei, Alessandro Sale
One major goal in Neuroscience is the development of strategies promoting neural plasticity in the adult central nervous system, when functional recovery from brain disease and injury is limited. New evidence has underscored a pivotal role for cortical inhibitory circuitries in regulating plasticity both during development and in adulthood. This paper summarizes recent findings showing that the in... hiện toàn bộ
Cytokines in Bipolar Disorder: Paving the Way for Neuroprogression
Neural Plasticity - Tập 2014 - Trang 1-9 - 2014
Izabela Guimarães Barbosa, Moisés Evandro Bauer, Rodrigo Machado‐Vieira, Antônio Lúcio Teixeira
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe, chronic, and recurrent psychiatric illness. It has been associated with high prevalence of medical comorbidities and cognitive impairment. Its neurobiology is not completely understood, but recent evidence has shown a wide range of immune changes. Cytokines are proteins involved in the regulation and the orchestration of the immune response. We performed a review... hiện toàn bộ
Neural Vascular Mechanism for the Cerebral Blood Flow Autoregulation after Hemorrhagic Stroke
Neural Plasticity - Tập 2017 - Trang 1-12 - 2017
Ming Xiao, Qiang Li, Hua Feng, Le Zhang, Yujie Chen
During the initial stages of hemorrhagic stroke, including intracerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage, the reflex mechanisms are activated to protect cerebral perfusion, but secondary dysfunction of cerebral flow autoregulation will eventually reduce global cerebral blood flow and the delivery of metabolic substrates, leading to generalized cerebral ischemia, hypoxia, and ultimately, neu... hiện toàn bộ
The Periaqueductal Gray (PAG)
Neural Plasticity - Tập 2009 - Trang 1-2 - 2009
T.A. Lovick, Robert E. Adamec
Role of MicroRNA in Governing Synaptic Plasticity
Neural Plasticity - Tập 2016 - Trang 1-13 - 2016
Yuqin Ye, Hongyu Xu, Xinhong Su, Xiaosheng He
Although synaptic plasticity in neural circuits is orchestrated by an ocean of genes, molecules, and proteins, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Recently, it is well acknowledged that miRNA exerts widespread regulation over the translation and degradation of target gene in nervous system. Increasing evidence suggests that quite a few specific miRNAs play important roles in variou... hiện toàn bộ
Endocannabinoid System and Synaptic Plasticity: Implications for Emotional Responses
Neural Plasticity - Tập 2007 - Trang 1-12 - 2007
María‐Paz Viveros, Eva M. Marco, Ricardo Llorente, Meritxell López‐Gallardo
The endocannabinoid system has been involved in the regulation of anxiety, and proposed as an inhibitory modulator of neuronal, behavioral and adrenocortical responses to stressful stimuli. Brain regions such as the amygdala, hippocampus and cortex, which are directly involved in the regulation of emotional behavior, contain high densities of cannabinoid CB1 receptors. Mutant mice lacking CB1 rece... hiện toàn bộ
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