Role of MicroRNA in Governing Synaptic Plasticity

Neural Plasticity - Tập 2016 - Trang 1-13 - 2016
Yuqin Ye1,2, Hongyu Xu2, Xinhong Su2, Xiaosheng He2
1Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University (PLA 163 Hospital), Changsha 410000, China
2Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China

Tóm tắt

Although synaptic plasticity in neural circuits is orchestrated by an ocean of genes, molecules, and proteins, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Recently, it is well acknowledged that miRNA exerts widespread regulation over the translation and degradation of target gene in nervous system. Increasing evidence suggests that quite a few specific miRNAs play important roles in various respects of synaptic plasticity including synaptogenesis, synaptic morphology alteration, and synaptic function modification. More importantly, the miRNA-mediated regulation of synaptic plasticity is not only responsible for synapse development and function but also involved in the pathophysiology of plasticity-related diseases. A review is made here on the function of miRNAs in governing synaptic plasticity, emphasizing the emerging regulatory role of individual miRNAs in synaptic morphological and functional plasticity, as well as their implications in neurological disorders. Understanding of the way in which miRNAs contribute to synaptic plasticity provides rational clues in establishing the novel therapeutic strategy for plasticity-related diseases.

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