Inflammation and angiotensin II

Yusuke Suzuki1, Marta Ruiz-Ortega1, Oscar Lorenzo1, Monica Ruperez1, Vanesa Esteban1, Jesus Egido1
1Renal and Vascular Research Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Dı́az, Autonoma University, Avda Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain

Tài liệu tham khảo

Asscher, 1963, A vascular permeability factor of renal origin, Nature, 198, 1097, 10.1038/1981097a0

Barnes, 1997, Nuclear factor-κB. A pivotal transcription factor in chronic inflammatory diseases, New England Journal of Medicine, 336, 1066, 10.1056/NEJM199704103361506

Baylis, 1978, Modulation by prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors of the action of exogenous angiotensin II on glomerular ultrafiltration in the rat, Circulation Research, 43, 889, 10.1161/01.RES.43.6.889

Beilin, 1977, High arterial pressure versus humoral factors in the pathogenesis of the vascular lesions of malignant hypertension, Clinical Science and Molecular Medicine, 52, 111

Border, 1994, Transforming growth factor beta in tissue fibrosis, New England Journal of Medicine, 331, 1286, 10.1056/NEJM199411103311907

Border, 1998, Interactions of transforming growth factor-beta and angiotensin II in renal fibrosis, Hypertension, 31, 181, 10.1161/01.HYP.31.1.181

Border, 2001, Maximizing hemodynamic-independent effects of angiotensin II antagonists in fibrotic diseases, Seminars in Nephrology, 21, 563, 10.1053/snep.2001.26795

Boyce, 1986, Direct anti-GBM antibody induced alterations in glomerular permselectivity, Kidney International, 30, 666, 10.1038/ki.1986.238

Brasier, 1996, Mechanisms for inducible control of angiotensinogen gene transcription, Hypertension, 27, 465, 10.1161/01.HYP.27.3.465

Brinson, 1998, Regulation of a calcium-dependent tyrosine kinase in vascular smooth muscle cells by angiotensin II and platelet-derived growth factor. Dependence on calcium and the actin cytoskeleton, The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 273, 1711, 10.1074/jbc.273.3.1711

Bush, 2000, CC chemokine receptor 2 is required for macrophage infiltration and vascular hypertrophy in angiotensin II-induced hypertension, Hypertension, 36, 360, 10.1161/01.HYP.36.3.360

Cao, 2001, Role of angiotensin II in tubulointerstitial injury, Seminars in Nephrology, 21, 554, 10.1053/snep.2001.26794

Capers, 1997, Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression in aortic tissues of hypertensive rats, Hypertension, 30, 1397, 10.1161/01.HYP.30.6.1397

Carlos, 1994, Leukocyte–endothelial adhesion molecules, Blood, 84, 2068, 10.1182/blood.V84.7.2068.2068

Chaturvedi, 1998, Effect of lisinopril on progression of retinopathy in normotensive people with type 1 diabetes. The EUCLID Study Group. EURODIAB Controlled Trial of Lisinopril in Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus, Lancet, 351, 28, 10.1016/S0140-6736(97)06209-0

Chen, 1998, Angiotensin II induces monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 gene expression in rat vascular smooth muscle cells, Circulation Research, 83, 952, 10.1161/01.RES.83.9.952

Cheng, 2001, Endothelial dysfunction and salt-sensitive hypertension in spontaneously diabetic Goto–Kakizaki rats, Hypertension, 37, 433, 10.1161/01.HYP.37.2.433

Chisi, 1999, Captopril inhibits the proliferation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in murine long-term bone marrow cultures, Stem Cells, 17, 339, 10.1002/stem.170339

Chua, 1998, Upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor by angiotensin II in rat heart endothelial cells, Biochimica Biophysica Acta, 1401, 187, 10.1016/S0167-4889(97)00129-8

Clozel, 1991, Endothelial dysfunction and subendothelial monocyte macrophages in hypertension. Effect of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition, Hypertension, 18, 132, 10.1161/01.HYP.18.2.132

Connolly, 1989, Tumor vascular permeability factor stimulates endothelial cell growth and angiogenesis, Journal of Clinical Investigation, 84, 1470, 10.1172/JCI114322

Constantinescu, 1998, Captopril and lisinopril suppress production of interleukin-12 by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, Immunology Letters, 62, 25, 10.1016/S0165-2478(98)00025-X

Crackower, 2002, Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is an essential regulator of heart function, Nature, 417, 822, 10.1038/nature00786

Cuthbert, 1970, Studies on the identity of a vascular permeability factor of renal origin, Clinical Science, 38, 309, 10.1042/cs0380309

Daugherty, 2000, Angiotensin II promotes atherosclerotic lesions and aneurysms in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice, Journal of Clinical Investigation, 105, 1605, 10.1172/JCI7818

Delbaere, 1994, Angiotensin II immunoreactivity is elevated in ascites during severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome: implications for pathophysiology and clinical management, Fertility and Sterility, 62, 731, 10.1016/S0015-0282(16)56997-0

Deodhar, 1964, Studies on the mechanisms of experimental proteinuria induced by renin, Journal of Experimental Medicine, 120, 677, 10.1084/jem.120.4.677

Diet, 1996, Increased accumulation of tissue ACE in human atherosclerotic coronary artery disease, Circulation, 94, 2756, 10.1161/01.CIR.94.11.2756

Dol, 2001, Angiotensin AT1 receptor antagonist irbesartan decreases lesion size, chemokine expression, and macrophage accumulation in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice, Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, 38, 395, 10.1097/00005344-200109000-00008

Dominguez-Jimenez, 2001, Involvement of alpha3 integrin/tetraspanin complexes in the angiogenic response induced by angiotensin II, The FASEB Journal, 15, 1457, 10.1096/fj.00-0651fje

Donadelli, 2000, Protein traffic activates NF-κB gene signaling and promotes MCP-1-dependent interstitial inflammation, American Journal of Kidney Diseases, 36, 1226, 10.1053/ajkd.2000.19838

Drexler, 1995, Effect of chronic angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition on endothelial function in patients with chronic heart failure, American Journal of Cardiology, 76, 13E, 10.1016/0002-9149(95)90045-4

Dzau, 1987, Human neutrophils release serine proteases capable of activating prorenin, Circulation Research, 60, 595, 10.1161/01.RES.60.4.595

Eddy, 1996, Molecular insights into renal interstitial fibrosis, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 7, 2495, 10.1681/ASN.V7122495

Eisenbach, 1975, Effect of angiotensin on the filtration of protein in the rat kidney, Kidney International, 8, 80, 10.1038/ki.1975.83

Ferrara, 1992, Molecular and biological properties of the vascular endothelial growth factor family of proteins, Endocrine Reviews, 13, 18, 10.1210/edrv-13-1-18

Ferri, 1998, Early activation of vascular endothelium in nonobese, nondiabetic essential hypertensive patients with multiple metabolic abnormalities, Diabetes, 47, 660, 10.2337/diabetes.47.4.660

Fukuhara, 2000, Angiotensin-converting enzyme expression in human carotid artery atherosclerosis, Hypertension, 35, 353, 10.1161/01.HYP.35.1.353

Funakoshi, 2001, Rho-kinase mediates angiotensin II-induced monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression in rat vascular smooth muscle cells, Hypertension, 38, 100, 10.1161/01.HYP.38.1.100

Funatsu, 2002, Angiotensin II and vascular endothelial growth factor in the vitreous fluid of patients with diabetic macular edema and other retinal disorders, American Journal of Ophthalmology, 133, 537, 10.1016/S0002-9394(02)01323-5

Funatsu, 2002, Angiotensin II and vascular endothelial growth factor in the vitreous fluid of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy, British Journal of Ophthalmology, 86, 311, 10.1136/bjo.86.3.311

Gainer, 1998, Effect of bradykinin-receptor blockade on the response to angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor in normotensive and hypertensive subjects, New England Journal of Medicine, 339, 1285, 10.1056/NEJM199810293391804

Gasic, 1999, Fosinopril decreases levels of soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in borderline hypertensive type II diabetic patients with microalbuminuria, American Journal of Hypertension, 12, 217, 10.1016/S0895-7061(98)00229-5

Gibbs, 2001, Abnormalities of hemorheological, endothelial, and platelet function in patients with chronic heart failure in sinus rhythm: effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and beta-blocker therapy, Circulation, 103, 1746, 10.1161/01.CIR.103.13.1746

Gimbrone, 1975, Angiotensin II stimulation of prostaglandin production in cultured human vascular endothelium, Science, 189, 219, 10.1126/science.1138377

Goldby, 1972, How an acute rise in arterial pressure damages arterioles. Electron microscopic changes during angiotensin infusion, Cardiovascular Research, 6, 569, 10.1093/cvr/6.5.569

Gomez, 1993, Leukocytes synthesize angiotensinogen, Hypertension, 21, 470, 10.1161/01.HYP.21.4.470

Grafe, 1997, Angiotensin II-induced leukocyte adhesion on human coronary endothelial cells is mediated by E-selectin, Circulation Research, 81, 804, 10.1161/01.RES.81.5.804

Gruden, 1999, Interaction of angiotensin II and mechanical stretch on vascular endothelial growth factor production by human mesangial cells, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 10, 730, 10.1681/ASN.V104730

Guazzi, 1997, Improvement of alveolar-capillary membrane diffusing capacity with enalapril in chronic heart failure and counteracting effect of aspirin, Circulation, 95, 1930, 10.1161/01.CIR.95.7.1930

Guba, 2000, Differential effects of short-term ACE- and AT1-receptor inhibition on postischemic injury and leukocyte adherence in vivo and in vitro, Shock, 13, 190, 10.1097/00024382-200003000-00004

Guijarro, 2001, Transcription factor-κB (NF-κB) in renal disease, Kidney International, 59, 415, 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2001.059002415.x

Gupta, 2000, Connective tissue growth factor: potential role in glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis, Kidney International, 58, 1389, 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2000.00301.x

Hall, 1998, Rho GTPases and the actin cytoskeleton, Science, 279, 509, 10.1126/science.279.5350.509

Han, 1999, Angiotensin II induces interleukin-6 transcription in vascular smooth muscle cells through pleiotropic activation of nuclear factor-kappa B transcription factors, Circulation Research, 84, 695, 10.1161/01.RES.84.6.695

Hansson, 2001, Immune mechanisms in atherosclerosis, Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 21, 1876, 10.1161/hq1201.100220

Hernandez-Presa, 1998, ACE inhibitor quinapril reduces the arterial expression of NF-kappaB-dependent proinflammatory factors but not of collagen I in a rabbit model of atherosclerosis, American Journal of Pathology, 153, 1825, 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)65697-0

Hernandez-Presa, 1997, Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition prevents arterial nuclear factor-kappa B activation, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression, and macrophage infiltration in a rabbit model of early accelerated atherosclerosis, Circulation, 95, 1532, 10.1161/01.CIR.95.6.1532

Hilgers, 2000, Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and macrophage infiltration in hypertensive kidney injury, Kidney International, 58, 2408, 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2000.00424.x

Hisada, 2001, An essential role of angiotensin II receptor type 1α in recipient kidney, not in transplanted peripheral blood leukocytes, in progressive immune-mediated renal injury, Laboratory Investigation, 81, 1243, 10.1038/labinvest.3780338

Hisada, 1999, Angiotensin II plays a pathogenic role in immune-mediated renal injury in mice, Journal of Clinical Investigation, 103, 627, 10.1172/JCI2454

Hoshida, 1999, Amelioration by quinapril of myocardial infarction induced by coronary occlusion/reperfusion in a rabbit model of atherosclerosis: possible mechanisms, Circulation, 99, 434, 10.1161/01.CIR.99.3.434

Hutchison, 1995, The antiproteinuric action of angiotensin-converting enzyme is dependent on kinin, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 6, 1216, 10.1681/ASN.V641216

Kagami, 1994, Angiotensin II stimulates extracellular matrix protein synthesis through induction of transforming growth factor-beta expression in rat glomerular mesangial cells, Journal of Clinical Investigation, 93, 2431, 10.1172/JCI117251

Kasiske, 1993, Effect of antihypertensive therapy on the kidney in patients with diabetes: a meta-regression analysis, Annals of Internal Medicine, 118, 129, 10.7326/0003-4819-118-2-199301150-00009

Kataoka, 2002, Important role of Rho-kinase in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular inflammation and remodeling induced by long-term blockade of nitric oxide synthesis in rats, Hypertension, 39, 245, 10.1161/hy0202.103271

Kato, 1999, Renin–angiotensin blockade lowers MCP-1 expression in diabetic rats, Kidney International, 56, 1037, 10.1046/j.1523-1755.1999.00643.x

Kiarash, 2001, Upregulated expression of rat heart intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in angiotensin II but not phenylephrine-induced hypertension, Hypertension, 37, 58, 10.1161/01.HYP.37.1.58

Klickstein, 1982, The granulocyte–angiotensin system. Angiotensin I-converting activity of cathepsin G, The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 257, 15042, 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)33390-8

Kranzhofer, 1999, Angiotensin II activates the proinflammatory transcription factor nuclear factor-kappaB in human monocytes, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communication, 257, 826, 10.1006/bbrc.1999.0543

Krejcy, 1996, Influence of angiotensin II on circulating adhesion molecules and blood leukocyte count in vivo, Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 74, 9, 10.1139/y95-218

Kunert-Radek, 1994, Stimulatory effect of angiotensin II on the proliferation of mouse spleen lymphocytes in vitro is mediated via both types of angiotensin II receptors, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communication, 198, 1034, 10.1006/bbrc.1994.1147

Kupatt, 1997, ACE-inhibition prevents postischemic coronary leukocyte adhesion and leukocyte-dependent reperfusion injury, Cardiovascular Research, 36, 386, 10.1016/S0008-6363(97)00191-0

Lapinski, 1996, Angiotensin II modulates glomerular capillary permselectivity in rat isolated perfused kidney, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 7, 653, 10.1681/ASN.V75653

Lapteva, 2001, Expression of renin–angiotensin system genes in immature and mature dendritic cells identified using human cDNA microarray, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communication, 285, 1059, 10.1006/bbrc.2001.5215

Larsson, 2000, Platelet activation during angiotensin II infusion in healthy volunteers, Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis, 11, 61, 10.1097/00001721-200011010-00007

Leung, 1989, Vascular endothelial growth factor is a secreted angiogenic mitogen, Science, 246, 1306, 10.1126/science.2479986

Lorenzo, 2002, Role of NF-κB in AngII-induced renal damage. Studies in AT1 knockout mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 13, 346A

Luft, 1999, Hypertension-induced end-organ damage: A new transgenic approach to an old problem, Hypertension, 33, 212, 10.1161/01.HYP.33.1.212

Ma, 2001, Role of angiotensin II in glomerular injury, Seminars in Nephrology, 21, 544, 10.1053/snep.2001.26793

Macconi, 2000, Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition on glomerular basement membrane permeability and distribution of zonula occludens-1 in MWF rats, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 11, 477, 10.1681/ASN.V113477

Matsubara, 1998, Pathophysiological role of angiotensin II type 2 receptor in cardiovascular and renal diseases, Circulation Research, 83, 1182, 10.1161/01.RES.83.12.1182

Mattana, 1993, Effects of atrial natriuretic peptide and cGMP on uptake of IgG complexes by macrophages, American Journal of Physiology, 265, C92, 10.1152/ajpcell.1993.265.1.C92

Mayer, 1993, Effects of angiotensin II receptor blockade on remnant glomerular permselectivity, Kidney International, 43, 346, 10.1038/ki.1993.52

McClure, 1994, Vascular endothelial growth factor as capillary permeability agent in ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, Lancet, 344, 235, 10.1016/S0140-6736(94)93001-5

Mene, 1995, Regulation of U-937 monocyte adhesion to cultured human mesangial cells by cytokines and vasoactive agents, Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation, 10, 481, 10.1093/ndt/10.4.481

Mervaala, 2000, Cyclosporin A protects against angiotensin II-induced end-organ damage in double transgenic rats harboring human renin and angiotensinogen genes, Hypertension, 35, 360, 10.1161/01.HYP.35.1.360

Mervaala, 1999, Monocyte infiltration and adhesion molecules in a rat model of high human renin hypertension, Hypertension, 33, 389, 10.1161/01.HYP.33.1.389

Mezzano, 2001, Angiotensin II and renal fibrosis, Hypertension, 38, 635, 10.1161/hy09t1.094234

Miyamoto, 1995, Integrin function: molecular hierarchies of cytoskeletal and signaling molecules, Journal of Cell Biology, 131, 791, 10.1083/jcb.131.3.791

Molloy, 1993, Angiotensin II stimulation of rapid protein tyrosine phosphorylation and protein kinase activation in rat aortic smooth muscle cells, The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 268, 7338, 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)53180-X

Muller, 2000, NF-κB inhibition ameliorates angiotensin II-induced inflammatory damage in rats, Hypertension, 35, 193, 10.1161/01.HYP.35.1.193

Muller, 2001, Aspirin inhibits NF-κB and protects from angiotensin II-induced organ damage, The FASEB Journal, 15, 1822, 10.1096/fj.00-0843fje

Muller, 2000, Effect of bosentan on NF-kappaB, inflammation, and tissue factor in angiotensin II-induced end-organ damage, Hypertension, 36, 282, 10.1161/01.HYP.36.2.282

Nakamura, 2000, Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 expression is regulated by the angiotensin type 1 receptor in vivo, Kidney International, 58, 251, 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2000.00160.x

Nataraj, 1999, Angiotensin II regulates cellular immune responses through a calcineurin-dependent pathway, Journal of Clinical Investigation, 104, 1693, 10.1172/JCI7451

Nguyen, 2002, Pivotal role of the renin/prorenin receptor in angiotensin II production and cellular responses to renin, Journal of Clinical Investigation, 109, 1417, 10.1172/JCI0214276

Nicoletti, 1999, Cardiac fibrosis and inflammation: interaction with hemodynamic and hormonal factors, Cardiovascular Research, 41, 532, 10.1016/S0008-6363(98)00305-8

Okamura, 1999, Upregulation of renin–angiotensin system during differentiation of monocytes to macrophages, Journal of Hypertension, 17, 537, 10.1097/00004872-199917040-00012

Ortego, 1999, Atorvastatin reduces NF-κB activation and chemokine expression in vascular smooth muscle cells and mononuclear cells, Atherosclerosis, 147, 253, 10.1016/S0021-9150(99)00193-8

Otani, 1998, Angiotensin II potentiates vascular endothelial growth factor-induced angiogenic activity in retinal microcapillary endothelial cells, Circulation Research, 82, 619, 10.1161/01.RES.82.5.619

Owen, 1998, Angiotensin II generation at the cell surface of activated neutrophils: novel cathepsin G-mediated catalytic activity that is resistant to inhibition, Journal of Immunology, 160, 1436, 10.4049/jimmunol.160.3.1436

Park, 2002, Lacidipine inhibits adhesion molecule and oxidase expression independent of blood pressure reduction in angiotensin-induced vascular injury, Hypertension, 39, 685, 10.1161/hy0202.103482

Park, 2000, Cerivastatin prevents angiotensin II-induced renal injury independent of blood pressure- and cholesterol-lowering effects, Kidney International, 58, 1420, 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2000.00304.x

Pastore, 1999, Angiotensin II stimulates intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression by human vascular endothelial cells and increases soluble ICAM-1 release in vivo, Circulation, 100, 1646, 10.1161/01.CIR.100.15.1646

Pichler, 1995, Pathogenesis of cyclosporine nephropathy: roles of angiotensin II and osteopontin, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 6, 1186, 10.1681/ASN.V641186

Pickering, 1940, The effect of renin on urine formation, The Journal of Physiology (London), 98, 314, 10.1113/jphysiol.1940.sp003852

Piqueras, 2000, Angiotensin II induces leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions in vivo via AT(1) and AT(2) receptor-mediated P-selectin upregulation, Circulation, 102, 2118, 10.1161/01.CIR.102.17.2118

Prasad, 2001, Role of angiotensin II type 1 receptor in the regulation of cellular adhesion molecules in atherosclerosis, American Heart Journal, J.142, 248, 10.1067/mhj.2001.116699

Pueyo, 2000, Angiotensin II stimulates endothelial vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 via nuclear factor-kappaB activation induced by intracellular oxidative stress, Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 20, 645, 10.1161/01.ATV.20.3.645

Pupilli, 1999, Angiotensin II stimulates the synthesis and secretion of vascular permeability factor/vascular endothelial growth factor in human mesangial cells, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 10, 245, 10.1681/ASN.V102245

Quaglino, 1990, Transforming growth factor-beta stimulates wound healing, Laboratory Investigation, 63, 307

Rahman, 2002, Effects of eprosartan versus hydrochlorothiazide on markers of vascular oxidation and inflammation and blood pressure (renin–angiotensin system antagonists, oxidation, and inflammation), American Journal of Cardiology, 89, 686, 10.1016/S0002-9149(01)02340-2

Remuzzi, 1990, Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition ameliorates glomerular filtration of macromolecules and water and lessens glomerular injury in the rat, Journal of Clinical Investigation, 85, 541, 10.1172/JCI114470

Rodriguez-Iturbe, 2001, Mycophenolate mofetil prevents salt-sensitive hypertension resulting from angiotensin II exposure, Kidney International, 59, 2222, 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2001.00737.x

Ross, 1993, The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis: a perspective for the 1990s, Nature, 362, 801, 10.1038/362801a0

Ruiz-Ortega, 1998, Angiotensin II participates in mononuclear cell recruitment in experimental immune complex nephritis through nuclear factor-kappa B activation and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 synthesis, Journal of Immunology, 161, 430, 10.4049/jimmunol.161.1.430

Ruiz-Ortega, 1995, ACE inhibition reduces proteinuria, glomerular lesions and extracellular matrix production in a normotensive rat model of immune complex nephritis, Kidney International, 48, 1778, 10.1038/ki.1995.476

Ruiz-Ortega, 2000, Angiotensin III increases monocytic chemotactic protein-1 and activates nuclear transcription factor κB and activator protein-1 in cultured mesangial and mononuclear cells, Kidney International, 57, 2285, 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2000.00089.x

Ruiz-Ortega, 2001, Angiotensin II activates nuclear transcription factor κB via AT1 and AT2 receptors in the kidney, American Journal of Pathology, 158, 1743, 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)64130-2

Ruiz-Ortega, 2000, Role of AT1 and AT2 receptors in angiotensin II-induced nuclear transcription factor κB activation in vascular smooth muscle cells, Circulation Research, 86, 1266, 10.1161/01.RES.86.12.1266

Ruiz-Ortega, 2001, Angiotensin II activates nuclear transcription factor-κB in aorta of normal rats and in vascular smooth muscle cells of AT1 knockout mice, Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation, 1, 27, 10.1093/ndt/16.suppl_1.27

Ruperez, 2001, Intracelular signals involved in angiotensin II-induced fibrosis in vascular damage. Description of a new mediator: the connective tissue growth factor, Circulation, 104, 867

Schalkwijk, 2000, ACE-inhibition modulates some endothelial functions in healthy subjects and in normotensive type 1 diabetic patients, European Journal of Clinical Investigation, 30, 853, 10.1046/j.1365-2362.2000.00721.x

Scharschmidt, 1983, Prostaglandin synthesis by rat glomerular mesangial cells in culture. Effects of angiotensin II and arginine vasopressin, Journal of Clinical Investigation, 71, 1756, 10.1172/JCI110931

Schieffer, 2000, Expression of angiotensin II and interleukin 6 in human coronary atherosclerotic plaques: potential implications for inflammation and plaque instability, Circulation, 101, 1372, 10.1161/01.CIR.101.12.1372

Schlondorff, 1985, Differential stimulation of PGE2 synthesis in mesangial cells by angiotensin and A23187, Americal Journal of Physiology, 248, C119, 10.1152/ajpcell.1985.248.1.C119

Schrier, 1982, Role of angiotensin-converting enzyme in Bacille Calmette–Guerin-induced granulomatous inflammation. Increased angiotensin-converting enzyme levels in lung lavage and suppression of inflammation with captopril, Journal of Clinical Investigation, 69, 651, 10.1172/JCI110492

Shimada, 1978, Binding sites for angiotensin II in human mononuclear leukocytes, Journal of Biochemistry (Tokyo), 84, 1013, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a132183

Singh, 1999, Myocardial osteopontin expression coincides with the development of heart failure, Hypertension, 33, 663, 10.1161/01.HYP.33.2.663

Sraer, 1977, High affinity binding of 125I-angiotensin II to rat glomerular basement membranes, Journal of Clinical Investigation, 59, 69, 10.1172/JCI108623

Staddon, 1995, Evidence that tyrosine phosphorylation may increase tight junction permeability, Journal of Cell Science, 108, 609, 10.1242/jcs.108.2.609

Strawn, 2000, Inhibition of early atherogenesis by losartan in monkeys with diet-induced hypercholesterolemia, Circulation, 101, 1586, 10.1161/01.CIR.101.13.1586

Strawn, 2000, Novel mechanisms linking angiotensin II and early atherogenesis, Journal of Renin, Angiotensin, and Aldosterone System, 1, 11, 10.3317/jraas.2000.001

Sun, 1997, Fibrous tissue and angiotensin II, Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, 29, 2001, 10.1006/jmcc.1997.0451

Suzuki, 2002, Susceptibility to T cell-mediated injury in immune complex disease is linked to local activation of renin–angiotensin system: The role of NF-AT pathway, Journal of Immunology, 169, 4136, 10.4049/jimmunol.169.8.4136

Suzuki, 2001, Renal tubulointerstitial damage caused by persistent proteinuria is attenuated in AT1-deficient mice: role of endothelin-1, American Journal of Pathology, 159, 1895, 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)63036-2

Suzuki, 1998, Distinct contribution of Fc receptors and angiotensin II-dependent pathways in anti-GBM glomerulonephritis, Kidney International, 54, 1166, 10.1046/j.1523-1755.1998.00108.x

Swartz, 1982, Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition and prostaglandins, American Journal of Cardiology, 49, 1405, 10.1016/0002-9149(82)90351-4

Taal, 2001, Mechanisms underlying renoprotection during renin–angiotensin system blockade, American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology, 280, F343, 10.1152/ajprenal.2001.280.2.F343

Taal, 2000, Proinflammatory gene expression and macrophage recruitment in the rat remnant kidney, Kidney International, 58, 1664, 10.1111/j.1523-1755.2000.00327.x

Takemori, 2000, Effects of the AT1 receptor antagonist on adhesion molecule expression in leukocytes and brain microvessels of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats, American Journal of Hypertension, 13, 1233, 10.1016/S0895-7061(00)01202-4

Tonnesen, 1982, Identification of a human neutrophil angiotension II-generating protease as cathepsin G, Journal of Clinical Investigation, 69, 25, 10.1172/JCI110437

Tsutsumi, 1992, Characterization of angiotensin II receptor subtypes in the rat spleen, Peptides, 13, 291, 10.1016/0196-9781(92)90111-F

Tummala, 1999, Angiotensin II induces vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression in rat vasculature: A potential link between the renin–angiotensin system and atherosclerosis, Circulation, 100, 1223, 10.1161/01.CIR.100.11.1223

Tunon, 2000, Regulation of matrix proteins and impact on vascular structure, Current Hypertension Reports, 2, 106, 10.1007/s11906-000-0067-2

Turner, 1995, Angiotensin II stimulation of rapid paxillin tyrosine phosphorylation correlates with the formation of focal adhesions in rat aortic smooth muscle cells, Journal of Cell Science, 108, 333, 10.1242/jcs.108.1.333

Valentin, 1997, Losartan prevents thromboxane A2/prostanoid (TP) receptor mediated increase in microvascular permeability in the rat, American Journal of Hypertension, 10, 1058, 10.1016/S0895-7061(97)00276-8

Wang, 2001, Angiotensin II increases urokinase-type plasminogen activator expression and induces aneurysm in the abdominal aorta of apolipoprotein E-deficient mice, American Journal of Pathology, 159, 1455, 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)62532-1

Wapstra, 2000, Chronic angiotensin II infusion but not bradykinin blockade abolishes the antiproteinuric response to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in established adriamycin nephrosis, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 11, 490, 10.1681/ASN.V113490

Weinstock, 1981, Effect of SQ 14225, an inhibitor of angiotensin I-converting enzyme, on the granulomatous response to Schistosoma mansoni eggs in mice, Journal of Clinical Investigation, 67, 931, 10.1172/JCI110142

Weinstock, 1984, Functional angiotensin II receptors on macrophages from isolated liver granulomas of murine Schistosoma mansoni, Journal of Immunology, 132, 2598, 10.4049/jimmunol.132.5.2598

Weinstock, 1986, Chemotactic response of splenic mononuclear cells to angiotensin II in murine schistosomiasis, Journal of Immunology, 137, 2020, 10.4049/jimmunol.137.6.2020

Wilkinson-Berka, 2001, The interaction between the renin–angiotensin system and vascular endothelial growth factor in the pathogenesis of retinal neovascularization in diabetes, Journal of Vascular Research, 38, 527, 10.1159/000051088

Williams, 1995, Angiotensin II increases vascular permeability factor gene expression by human vascular smooth muscle cells, Hypertension, 25, 913, 10.1161/01.HYP.25.5.913

Wintroub, 1981, A human neutrophil-dependent pathway for generation of angiotensin II. Purification of the product and identification as angiotensin II, Journal of Clinical Investigation, 68, 484, 10.1172/JCI110279

Wolf, 1993, Angiotensin II as a renal growth factor, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 3, 1531, 10.1681/ASN.V391531

Wolf, 1998, AT1-receptor antagonists abolish glomerular MCP-1 expression in a model of mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis, Experimental Nephrology, 6, 112, 10.1159/000020513

Wolf, 2002, Angiotensin II activates nuclear transcription factor-kappaB through AT1 and AT2 receptors, Kidney International, 61, 1986, 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2002.00365.x

Wolf, 1997, Angiotensin II stimulates expression of the chemokine RANTES in rat glomerular endothelial cells. Role of the angiotensin type 2 receptor, Journal of Clinical Investigation, 100, 1047, 10.1172/JCI119615

Wu, 1997, Transforming growth factor beta 1 and renal injury following subtotal nephrectomy in the rat: role of the renin–angiotensin system, Kidney International, 51, 1553, 10.1038/ki.1997.214

Xie, 2001, Expression, roles, receptors, and regulation of osteopontin in the kidney, Kidney International, 60, 1645, 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2001.00032.x

Yamakawa, 2000, Involvement of Rho-kinase in angiotensin II-induced hypertrophy of rat vascular smooth muscle cells, Hypertension, 35, 313, 10.1161/01.HYP.35.1.313

Yanagitani, 1999, Angiotensin II type 1 receptor-mediated peroxide production in human macrophages, Hypertension, 33, 335, 10.1161/01.HYP.33.1.335