The renoprotective properties of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in a chronic model of membranous nephropathy are solely due to the inhibition of angiotensin II: Evidence based on comparative studies with a receptor antagonist

Anderson, 1986, Therapeutic advantage of converting enzyme inhibitors in arresting progressive renal disease associated with systemic hypertension in the rat, J Clin Invest, 77, 1993, 10.1172/JCI112528 Remuzzi, 1990, Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition ameliorates glomerular filtration of macromolecules and water and lessens glomerular injury in the rat, J Clin Invest, 85, 541, 10.1172/JCI114470 Zoja, 1992, Renal protective effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in aging rats, Am J Med, 92, 605 Anderson, 1989, Short and long term effects of antihypertensive therapy in the diabetic rat, Kidney Int, 36, 526, 10.1038/ki.1989.227 Perico, 1994, Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition and calcium channel blockade both normalize early hyperfiltration in experimental diabetes, but only the former prevents late renal structural damage, Exp Nephrol, 2, 220 Tanaka, 1994, Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor modulates glomerular function and structure by distinct mechanisms, Kidney Int, 45, 537, 10.1038/ki.1994.69 Parving, 1987, Effects of long-term antihypertensive treatment on kidney function in diabetic nephropathy, BMJ, 294, 1443, 10.1136/bmj.294.6585.1443 Kasiske, 1993, Effect of antihypertensive therapy on the kidney in patients with diabetes: A meta-regression analysis, Ann Intern Med, 118, 129, 10.7326/0003-4819-118-2-199301150-00009 Kamper, 1992, Effect of enalapril on the progression of chronic renal failure, 5, 423 Hannedouche, 1994, Randomized controlled trial of enalapril and β blockers in non-diabetic chronic renal failure, BMJ, 309, 833, 10.1136/bmj.309.6958.833 Gansevoort, 1994, Is the antiproteinuric effect of ACE inhibition mediated by interference in the renin-angiotensin system?, Kidney Int, 45, 861, 10.1038/ki.1994.113 Anderson, 1988, Mechanisms underlying transition from acute glomerular injury to late glomerular sclerosis in a rat model of nephrotic syndrome, J Clin Invest, 82, 1757, 10.1172/JCI113789 Meyer, 1987, Reversing glomerular hypertension stabilizes established glomerular injury, Kidney Int, 31, 752, 10.1038/ki.1987.62 Skidgel, 1987, Human renal angiotensin I converting enzyme and neutral endopeptidase, Kidney Int, 20, 545 Mombouli, 1992, Heterogeneity of endothelium-dependent vasodilator effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors: Role of bradykinin generation during ACE-inhibition, J Cardiovasc Pharmacol, 20, S74, 10.1097/00005344-199200209-00014 Hutchison, 1990, Effects of modulation of renal kallikrein-kinin system in the nephrotic syndrome, Am J Physiol, 258, F1237 Hutchison, 1995, The antiproteinuric action of angiotensin-converting enzyme is dependent on kinin, J Am Soc Nephrol, 6, 1216, 10.1681/ASN.V641216 Burnier, 1994, Angiotensin II receptor antagonists and the kidney, Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens, 3, 537, 10.1097/00041552-199409000-00011 Wong, 1990, Nonpeptide angiotensin II receptor antagonists. VIII. Characterization of functional antagonism displayed by DuP 753, an orally active antihypertensive agent, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 252, 719 Siegl, 1992, In vivo pharmacology of L-158,809, a new highly potent and selective nonpeptide angiotensin II receptor antagonist, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 262, 139 Pollock, 1993, Angiotensin II receptor blockade improves renal function in rats with reduced renal mass, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 267, 657 Lafayette, 1992, Angiotensin II blockade limits glomerular injury in rats with reduced renal mass, J Clin Invest, 90, 766, 10.1172/JCI115949 Remuzzi, 1993, Short- and long-term effect of angiotensin II receptor blockade in rats with experimental diabetes, J Am Soc Nephrol, 4, 40, 10.1681/ASN.V4140 Zatz, 1986, Prevention of diabetic glomerulopathy by pharmacological amelioration of glomerular capillary hypertension, J Clin Invest, 77, 1925, 10.1172/JCI112521 Remuzzi, 1996, Comparison of the effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition and angiotensin II receptor blockade on the evolution of spontaneous glomerular injury in male MWF/Ztm rats, Exp Nephrol, 4, 19 Zoja, 1996, Passive Heymann nephritis: Evidence that angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition reduces proteinuria and retards renal structural injury, Exp Nephrol, 4, 213 Feenstra, 1975, Experimental glomerulonephritis in the rat induced by antibodies directed against tubular antigens. I. The natural history: A histological and immunohistologic study at the light microscopic and ultrastructural level, Lab Invest, 32, 235 Kerjaschki, 1987, Initial events in the formation of immune deposits in passive Heymann nephritis, J Exp Med, 116, 109, 10.1084/jem.166.1.109 Hutchison, 1992, Effect of ANG II receptor antagonist on albuminuria and renal function in passive Heymann nephritis, Am J Physiol, 263, F311 Ruiz-Ortega, 1995, ACE inhibition reduces proteinuria, glomerular lesions and extra-cellular matrix production in a normotensive rat model of immune complex nephritis, Kidney Int, 48, 1778, 10.1038/ki.1995.476 Ishidoya, 1995, Angiotensin II receptor antagonist ameliorates renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis caused by unilateral ureteral obstruction, Kidney Int, 47, 1285, 10.1038/ki.1995.183 Edgington, 1967, Characterization and isolation of specific renal tubular epithelial antigens, J Immunol, 99, 1199 Pfeffer, 1971, Validity of an indirect tail-cuff method for determining systolic arterial pressure in unanesthetized normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats, J Lab Clin Med, 78, 957 Read, 1981, Minimization of variation in the response to different proteins of the Coomassie blue G dye-binding assay for protein, Anal Biochem, 116, 53, 10.1016/0003-2697(81)90321-3 Highashi, 1950, A rapid colorimetric method for the determination of inulin in plasma and urine, J Lab Clin Med, 35, 475 Smith, 1945, The renal clearance of substituted hippuric acid derivatives and other aromatic acid in dog and man, J Clin Invest, 24, 388, 10.1172/JCI101618 Rambaldi, 1987, Expression of the M-CSF (CSF-1) gene by human monocytes, Blood, 69, 1409, 10.1182/blood.V69.5.1409.1409 Feinberg, 1983, A technique for radiolabeling DNA restriction endonuclease fragments to high specific activity, Anal Biochem, 132, 6, 10.1016/0003-2697(83)90418-9 Noris, 1995, Nitric oxide synthesis by cultured endothelial cells is modulated by flow conditions, Circ Res, 76, 536, 10.1161/01.RES.76.4.536 Fort, 1985, Various rat adult tissues express only one major mRNA species from the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate-dehydrogenase multigenic family, Nucleic Acids Res, 13, 1431, 10.1093/nar/13.5.1431 Remuzzi, 1994, Dissociation between antiproteinuric and antihypertensive effect of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in rats, Am J Physiol, 267, F1034 Tolins, 1990, Comparison of converting enzyme inhibitor and calcium channel blocker in hypertensive glomerular injury, Hypertension, 16, 452, 10.1161/01.HYP.16.4.452 Miller, 1991, Glomerular hypertrophy accelerates hypertensive glomerular injury in rats, Am J Physiol, 261, F459 Lapinski, 1996, Angiotensin II modulates glomerular capillary permselectivity in rat isolated perfused kidney, J Am Soc Nephrol, 7, 653, 10.1681/ASN.V75653 Kagami, 1994, Angiotensin II stimulates extracellular matrix protein synthesis through induction of transforming growth factor-β expression in rat glomerular mesangial cells, J Clin Invest, 93, 2431, 10.1172/JCI117251