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HBV DNA refers to the DNA of the hepatitis B virus. Hepatitis B is a viral infection that attacks the liver and can cause both acute and chronic disease. Testin...
HBV DNA refers to the DNA of the hepatitis B virus. Hepatitis B is a viral infection that attacks the liver and can cause both acute and chronic disease. Testing for HBV DNA can help diagnose and monitor the progression of the virus in the body. It is commonly used in medical settings to determine the presence of the virus and to gauge the effectiveness of treatment.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is transmitted through contact with infectious blood, semen, and other body fluids. The virus can cause acute and chronic infection, and it can lead to serious health issues such as liver damage, liver cancer, and even death if left untreated.
Testing for HBV DNA involves using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect and measure the amount of viral DNA in the blood. This test is important for diagnosing chronic hepatitis B, monitoring the effectiveness of antiviral treatment, and assessing the risk of transmitting the virus to others.
HBV DNA levels can fluctuate over time, and monitoring these levels is important in managing the disease. Lower levels of HBV DNA generally indicate a better response to treatment and a reduced risk of liver damage.
Overall, HBV DNA testing plays a crucial role in the diagnosis and management of hepatitis B, helping to guide treatment decisions and monitor the progress of the disease.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a global health concern, with an estimated 257 million people living with chronic HBV infection worldwide. Chronic HBV infection can increase the risk of developing liver cirrhosis and liver cancer.
In terms of treatment and management, antiviral medications such as entecavir and tenofovir are commonly used to suppress HBV replication and reduce the risk of liver disease progression. Monitoring HBV DNA levels is crucial in assessing the effectiveness of these therapies and guiding treatment decisions.
In addition to HBV DNA testing, other markers such as hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), and antibodies to HBV core antigen (anti-HBc) are also important for diagnosing and monitoring hepatitis B infection.
Preventive measures include vaccination, which has been highly effective in reducing the incidence of new HBV infections. Implementation of vaccination programs, especially in high-risk populations, has been integral in global efforts to control the spread of hepatitis B.
Overall, addressing hepatitis B requires a comprehensive approach involving vaccination, early detection through testing for HBV DNA and other markers, effective treatment, and public health initiatives to raise awareness and reduce transmission.
HBV X Protein Alters the DNA Binding Specificity of CREB and ATF-2 by Protein-Protein Interactions American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) - Tập 252 Số 5007 - Trang 842-844 - 1991
The hepatitis B virus (HBV) X gene product trans-activates viral and cellular genes. The X protein (pX) does not bind independently to nucleic acids. The data presented here demonstrate that pX entered into a protein-protein complex with the cellular transcriptional factors CREB and ATF-2 and altered their DNA binding specificities. Although CREB and ATF-2 alone did not bind to the HBV enhancer element, a pX-CREB or pX-ATF-2 complex did bind to the HBV enhancer. Thus, the ability of pX to interact with cellular factors broadened the DNA binding specificity of these regulatory proteins and provides a mechanism for pX to participate in transcriptional regulation. This strategy of altered binding specificity may modify the repertoire of genes that can be regulated by transcriptional factors during viral infection.
Dynamic changes of HBV markers and HBV DNA load in infants born to HBsAg(+) mothers: can positivity of HBsAg or HBV DNA at birth be an indicator for HBV infection of infants? BMC Infectious Diseases - - 2013
Abstract
Background
Neither HBV DNA nor HBsAg positivity at birth is an accurate marker for HBV infection of infants. No data is available for continuous changes of HBV markers in newborns to HBsAg(+) mothers. This prospective, multi-centers study aims at observing the dynamic changes of HBV markers and exploring an early diagnostic marker for mother-infant infection.
Methods
One hundred forty-eight HBsAg(+) mothers and their newborns were enrolled after mothers signed the informed consent forms. Those infants were received combination immunoprophylaxis (hepatitis B immunoglobulin [HBIG] and hepatitis B vaccine) at birth, and then followed up to 12 months. Venous blood of the infants (0, 1, 7, and 12 months of age) was collected to test for HBV DNA and HBV markers.
Results
Of the 148 infants enrolled in our study, 41 and 24 infants were detected as HBsAg(+) and HBV DNA(+) at birth, respectively. Nine were diagnosed with HBV infection after 7 mo follow-up. Dynamic observation of the HBV markers showed that HBV DNA and HBsAg decreased gradually and eventually sero-converted to negativity in the non-infected infants, whereas in the infected infants, HBV DNA and HBsAg were persistently positive, or higher at the end of follow-up. At 1 mo, the infants with anti-HBs(+), despite positivity for HBsAg or HBV DNA at birth, were resolved after 12 mo follow-up, whereas all the nine infants with anti-HBs(−) were diagnosed with HBV infection. Anti-HBs(−) at 1 mo showed a higher positive likelihood ratio for HBV mother-infant infection than HBV DNA and/or HBsAg at birth.
Conclusions
Negativity for anti-HBs at 1 mo can be considered as a sensitive and early diagnostic indictor for HBV infection in the infants with positive HBV DNA and HBsAg at birth, especially for those infants with low levels of HBV DNA load and HBsAg titer.
Technique for the Early Detection of Drug-Resistant HBV DNA during Antiviral Therapy Intervirology - Tập 51 Số Suppl. 1 - Trang 7-10 - 2008
Early detection of antiviral resistant mutants is of clinical importance in patients receiving antiviral treatment. The ideal assay is sensitive, specific, accurate, reproducible and easy to perform, attains a high throughput and is able to detect mixed and novel mutations. Advantages and disadvantages of sequencing, line probe assay, DNA chip technology, peptide nucleic acid cramping, fluorescent biprobe hybridization and a new technique based on matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass-spectrometric analysis will be discussed.
