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The role of international regimes and courts in clarifying prevention of harm in freshwater and marine environmental protection
Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 20 - Trang 649-666 - 2020
Ruby Moynihan, Bjørn-Oliver Magsig
The international legal architecture to manage freshwater and ocean ecosystems does not adequately provide for the interconnected nature of these ecosystems or the transboundary harm flowing between them. Pollution from land-based sources exemplifies this issue where plastic, agricultural run-off, discharge of nutrients and pesticides and untreated sewage accounts for approximately 80% of all mari... hiện toàn bộ
The effectiveness of UN environmental institutions
Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 7 - Trang 317-336 - 2007
Steinar Andresen
This is a study of the effectiveness of key UN institutions focussing on environment and sustainable development: the global conferences on development and the environment, the CSD and UNEP, primarily its co-ordinating functions. According to the indicators used to measure effectiveness here, it is concluded that the overall effectiveness of these institutions is quite low. This particularly appli... hiện toàn bộ
Impact assessment of a mandatory operational goal-based short-term measure to reduce GHG emissions from ships: the LDC/SIDS case study
Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 21 - Trang 445-467 - 2021
Harilaos N. Psaraftis, Thalis Zis
The purpose of this paper is to describe the impact assessment of a mandatory operational goal-based short-term measure to reduce green house gas (GHG) emissions from ships. The specific measure has been proposed by Denmark and other co-sponsors in the context of the relevant discussion at the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and in particular the so-called Initial IMO Strategy. The IMO i... hiện toàn bộ
The Netherlands in the UNFCCC Process –Leadership between Ambition and Reality
Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 2 - Trang 49-68 - 2002
Magnus Andersson, Arthur P. J. Mol
The Netherlands is generally considered as a front running nation in international environmental politics. This article looks at the influence of The Netherlands in international climate change regime formation by analyzing the structural, entrepreneurial, intellectual and environmental leadership qualities exerted by. The Netherlands during the FCCC policy process. In addition, the EU as an enabl... hiện toàn bộ
Enforcing the Climate Regime: Game Theory and the Marrakesh Accords
Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 4 Số 1 - Trang 1-26 - 2004
Jon Hovi
Fairly sharing 1.5: national fair shares of a 1.5 °C-compliant global mitigation effort
Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 18 - Trang 117-134 - 2017
Ceecee Holz, Sivan Kartha, Tom Athanasiou
The problem of fairly distributing the global mitigation effort is particularly important for the 1.5 °C temperature limitation objective, due to its rapidly depleting global carbon budget. Here, we present methodology and results of the first study examining national mitigation pledges presented at the 2015 Paris climate summit, relative to equity benchmarks and 1.5 °C-compliant global mitigation... hiện toàn bộ
Small and smart: the role of Switzerland in the Cartagena and Nagoya protocols negotiations
Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 17 - Trang 553-571 - 2016
Tobias Schulz, Marc Hufty, Maurice Tschopp
This paper looks at Switzerland to examine the role of a small state during the negotiations of the Cartagena and the Nagoya Protocols to the Convention on Biological Diversity. The influence of this small country was substantial at some point in the negotiation processes and on important features of the protocols. The main explanatory factors for this influence are identified as the competence an... hiện toàn bộ
The New Water Legislation of Zimbabwe and South Africa – Comparison of Legal and Institutional Reform
Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 1 - Trang 305-325 - 2001
Frank G. W. Jaspers
Recently, several new pieces of water legislation have been promulgated in both Zimbabwe and the Republic of South Africa. The new acts are an attempt to correct injustices of a colonial past and to trigger development towards effective, equitable and efficient integrated water resources management influenced by the policy decisions in Agenda 21 and the need to respect economic and social human ri... hiện toàn bộ
Removing fuel subsidies: How can international organizations support national policy reforms?
Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 17 - Trang 327-340 - 2017
Joel E. Smith, Johannes Urpelainen
This article investigates how international organizations can support fuel subsidy reform. Departing from earlier studies, we focus on the ability of international organizations to assist national governments directly in the enactment and implementation of national reforms. While international organizations lack the capacity to directly enforce policy or force countries to abolish subsidies, they ... hiện toàn bộ
Cancun’s paradigm shift and COP 21: to go beyond rhetoric
Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 15 - Trang 343-351 - 2015
Jean-Charles Hourcade, P.-R. Shukla
This foreword explains why the success of COP21 is dependent upon its capacity to operate the paradigm shift announced in Cancun. It comes back to the recent history of the Conference of the Parties and shows the reasons for the emergence of the notion of ‘equitable rights to sustainable development (EASD)’ which enlarged the concept of equity beyond ‘burden sharing’. It shows why this paradigm sh... hiện toàn bộ
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