Risk Analysis
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Comments on “Performance Assessment in Support of the 1996 Compliance Certification Application for the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant”
Risk Analysis - - 1999
Critical Radionuclide/Critical Pathway Analysis for the U.S. Department of Energy's Savannah River Site
Risk Analysis - Tập 19 - Trang 417-426 - 1999
Many different radionuclides have been released to the environment from the Savannah River Site (SRS) during the facility's operational history. However, as shown by this analysis, only a small number of the released radionuclides have been significant contributors to potential doses and risks to off-site people. This article documents the radiological critical contaminant/critical pathway analysi...... hiện toàn bộ
Quantitative Assessment of the Risk of Lung Cancer Associated with Occupational Exposure to Refractory Ceramic Fibers
Risk Analysis - Tập 19 - Trang 599-611 - 1999
We present the results of a quantitative assessment of the lung cancer risk associated with occupational exposure to refractory ceramic fibers (RCF). The primary sources of data for our risk assessment were two long-term oncogenicity studies in male Fischer rats conducted to assess the potential pathogenic effects associated with prolonged inhalation of RCF. An interesting feature of the data was ...... hiện toàn bộ
Evaluating Risk Communication: Examining Target Audience Perceptions About Four Presentation Formats for Fish Consumption Health Advisory Information
Risk Analysis - Tập 18 - Trang 649-659 - 1998
Information format can influence the extent to which target audiences understand and respond to risk-related information. This study examined four elements of risk information presentation format. Using printed materials, we examined target audience perceptions about: (a) reading level; (b) use of diagrams vs. text; (c) commanding versus cajoling tone; and (d) use of qualitative vs. quantitative i...... hiện toàn bộ
Beyond the Domain of Direct Observation: How to Specify a Probability Distribution that Represents the “State of Knowledge” About Uncertain Inputs
Risk Analysis - Tập 19 - Trang 131-134 - 1999
Context in the Risk Assessment of Digital Systems
Risk Analysis - - 1999
As the use of digital computers for instrumentation and control of safety-critical systems has increased, there has been a growing debate over the issue of whether probabilistic risk assessment techniques can be applied to these systems. This debate has centered on the issue of whether software failures can be modeled probabilistically. This paper describes a “context-based” approach to software r...... hiện toàn bộ
On Intergenerational Equity and Its Clash with Intragenerational Equity and on the Need for Policies to Guide the Regulation of Disposal of Wastes and Other Activities Posing Very Long-Term Risks
Risk Analysis - Tập 19 - Trang 877-901 - 1999
This article begins with some history of the derivation of 40 CFR Part 191, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) standard that governs the geologic disposal of spent nuclear fuel and high-level and transuranic radioactive wastes. This is followed by criticisms of the standard that were made by a Sub-Committee of the EPA Science Advisory Board, by the staff of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory ...... hiện toàn bộ
Principles for Conduct of Pest Risk Analyses: Report of an Expert Workshop
Risk Analysis - Tập 18 - Trang 773-780 - 1998
The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) have focused attention on risk assessment of potential insect, weed, and animal pests and diseases of livestock. These risks have traditionally been addressed through quarantine protocols ranging from limits on the geographical areas from which a product may originate, postharvest disinfestation p...... hiện toàn bộ
Adverse Health Experiences, Environmental Attitudes, and Pesticide Usage Behavior of Farm Operators
Risk Analysis - Tập 19 - Trang 283-294 - 1999
Water pollution from agricultural pesticides continues to be a public concern. Given that the use of such pesticides on the farm is largely governed by voluntary behavior, it is important to understand what drives farmer behavior. Health belief models in public health and social psychology argue that persons who have adverse health experiences are likely to undertake preventive behavior. An analog...... hiện toàn bộ
Distribution of Exposure Concentrations and Doses for Constituents of Environmental Tobacco Smoke
Risk Analysis - Tập 19 - Trang 375-390 - 1999
The ultimate goal of the research reported in this series of three articles is to derive distributions of doses of selected environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)-related chemicals for nonsmoking workers. This analysis uses data from the 16-City Study collected with personal monitors over the course of one workday in workplaces where smoking occurred. In this article, we describe distributions of ETS c...... hiện toàn bộ
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