Tracy L. Young‐Pearse, Allen Ching-Way Chen, Rui B. Chang, César Márquez, Dennis J. Selkoe
Abstract Background β-Amyloid precursor protein (APP) has been reported to play
a role in the outgrowth of neurites from cultured neurons. Both cell-surface APP
and its soluble, ectodomain cleavage product (APPs-α) have been implicated in
regulating the length and branching of neurites in a variety of assays, but the
mechanism by which APP performs this function is not understood. Results Here,
we... hiện toàn bộ
Setsuko Sahara, Yasuhiko Kawakami, Juan Carlos Izpisúa Belmonte, Dennis D.M. O’Leary
Abstract Telencephalic patterning centers, defined by the discrete expression
domains of distinct morphogens, Fgf s in the commissural plate (CoP), Wnt s and
Bmp s in the cortical hem, and a ventral domain of Sonic hedgehog (Shh), are
postulated to establish during development the initial patterning of the
telencepahlon, including the neocortex. We show that the expression patterns of
Sp5, Sp8, an... hiện toàn bộ
Yi-Huei Linda Jen, M. de Oliveira Musacchio, Arthur D. Lander
AbstractBackgroundCell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) act as
co-receptors for multiple families of growth factors that regulate animal cell
proliferation, differentiation and patterning. Elimination of heparan sulfate
during brain development is known to produce severe structural abnormalities.
Here we investigate the developmental role played by one particular HSPG,
glypican-1 (Gpc... hiện toàn bộ
Katherine Zukor, David T. Kent, Shannon J. Odelberg
Abstract Background Newts have the remarkable ability to regenerate their spinal
cords as adults. Their spinal cords regenerate with the regenerating tail after
tail amputation, as well as after a gap-inducing spinal cord injury (SCI), such
as a complete transection. While most studies on newt spinal cord regeneration
have focused on events occurring after tail amputation, less attention has been
... hiện toàn bộ
Annette E. Rünker, Graham Little, Fumikazu Suto, Hajime Fujisawa, Kevin J. Mitchell
Abstract Background The trajectory of corticospinal tract (CST) axons from
cortex to spinal cord involves a succession of choice points, each of which is
controlled by multiple guidance molecules. To assess the involvement of
transmembrane semaphorins and their plexin receptors in the guidance of CST
axons, we have examined this tract in mutants of Semaphorin-6A (Sema6A),
Plexin-A2 (PlxnA2) and Pl... hiện toàn bộ
The growth of new synapses shapes the initial formation and subsequent
rearrangement of neural circuitry. Genetic studies have demonstrated that the
ubiquitin ligase Highwire restrains synaptic terminal growth by down-regulating
the MAP kinase kinase kinase Wallenda/dual leucine zipper kinase (DLK). To
investigate the mechanism of Highwire action, we have identified DFsn as a
binding partner of Hi... hiện toàn bộ
AbstractBackgroundNeurons receive excitatory synaptic inputs that are
distributed across their dendritic arbors at densities and with spatial patterns
that influence their output. How specific synaptic distributions are attained
during development is not well understood. The distribution of glutamatergic
inputs across the dendritic arbors of mammalian retinal ganglion cells (RGCs)
has long been co... hiện toàn bộ
Isaac H. Bianco, Michael Carl, Claire Russell, Jonathan D.W. Clarke, Stephen W. Wilson
Abstract Background Functional lateralization is a conserved feature of the
central nervous system (CNS). However, underlying left-right asymmetries within
neural circuitry and the mechanisms by which they develop are poorly described.
Results In this study, we use focal electroporation to examine the morphology
and connectivity of individual neurons of the lateralized habenular nuclei.
Habenular ... hiện toàn bộ
Marcia Gaete, Rosana Muñoz, Natalia Sánchez, Ricardo Tampe, Mauricio Moreno, Esteban G. Contreras, Dasfne Lee‐Liu, Juan Larraı́n
Abstract Background In contrast to mammals, amphibians, such as adult urodeles
(for example, newts) and anuran larvae (for example, Xenopus) can regenerate
their spinal cord after injury. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms
involved in this process are still poorly understood. Results Here, we report
that tail amputation results in a global increase of Sox2 levels and
proliferation of S... hiện toàn bộ