Developmental deficits in social perception in autism: the role of the amygdala and fusiform face area Tập 23 Số 2-3 - Trang 125-141 - 2005
Robert T. Schultz
AbstractAutism is a severe developmental disorder marked by a triad of deficits,
including impairments in reciprocal social interaction, delays in early language
and communication, and the presence of restrictive, repetitive and stereotyped
behaviors. In this review, it is argued that the search for the neurobiological
bases of the autism spectrum disorders should focus on the social deficits, as
... hiện toàn bộ
Essential fatty acids and the brain: possible health implications Tập 18 Số 4-5 - Trang 383-399 - 2000
Kuresh Youdim, A. Martı́n, James A. Joseph
AbstractLinoleic and α‐linolenic acid are essential for normal cellular
function, and act as precursors for the synthesis of longer chained
polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as arachidonic (AA), eicosapentaenoic
(EPA) and docosahexaenoic acids (DHA), which have been shown to partake in
numerous cellular functions affecting membrane fluidity, membrane enzyme
activities and eicosanoid synthes... hiện toàn bộ
The teratology of autism Tập 23 Số 2-3 - Trang 189-199 - 2005
Tara L. Arndt, Chris Stodgell, Patricia M. Rodier
AbstractAutism spectrum disorders affect behaviors that emerge at ages when
typically developing children become increasingly social and communicative, but
many lines of evidence suggest that the underlying alterations in the brain
occur long before the period when symptoms become obvious. Studies of the
behavior of children in the first year of life demonstrate that symptoms are
often detectable ... hiện toàn bộ
Involvement of astrocytes in purine‐mediated reparative processes in the brain Tập 19 Số 4 - Trang 395-414 - 2001
Renata Ciccarelli, Patrizia Ballerini, Giuseppina Sabatino, Michel P. Rathbone, Mara D’Onofrio, Francesco Caciagli, Patrizia Di Iorio
AbstractAstrocytes are involved in multiple brain functions in physiological
conditions, participating in neuronal development, synaptic activity and
homeostatic control of the extracellular environment. They also actively
participate in the processes triggered by brain injuries, aimed at limiting and
repairing brain damages. Purines may play a significant role in the
pathophysiology of numerous a... hiện toàn bộ
The biological basis of injury and neuroprotection in the fetal and neonatal brain Tập 29 Số 6 - Trang 551-563 - 2011
Sandra Rees, Richard Harding, David W. Walker
AbstractA compromised intrauterine environment that delivers low levels of
oxygen and/or nutrients, or is infected or inflammatory, can result in fetal
brain injury, abnormal brain development and in cases of chronic compromise,
intrauterine growth restriction. Preterm birth can also be associated with
injury to the developing brain and affect the normal trajectory of brain growth.
This review wil... hiện toàn bộ
The effects of maternal inflammation on neuronal development: possible mechanisms Tập 25 Số 7 - Trang 415-425 - 2007
G. Miller Jonakait
AbstractThat maternal inflammation adversely affects fetal brain development is
well established. Less well understood are the mechanisms that account for
neurodevelopmental disorders arising from maternal inflammation. This review
seeks to begin an examination of possible sites and mechanisms of action whereby
inflammatory cytokines – produced by the mother or by the fetal brain – could
impact th... hiện toàn bộ
The 22q11.2 microdeletion: Fifteen years of insights into the genetic and neural complexity of psychiatric disorders Tập 29 Số 3 - Trang 259-281 - 2011
Liam Drew, Gregg W. Crabtree, Sander Markx, Kimberly L. Stark, Florence Chaverneff, Bin Xu, Jun Mukai, Karine Fénelon, Pei‐Ken Hsu, Joseph A. Gogos, Maria Karayiorgou
AbstractOver the last fifteen years it has become established that 22q11.2
deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is a true genetic risk factor for schizophrenia.
Carriers of deletions in chromosome 22q11.2 develop schizophrenia at rate of
25–30% and such deletions account for as many as 1–2% of cases of sporadic
schizophrenia in the general population. Access to a relatively homogeneous
population of indivi... hiện toàn bộ
Social deficits in BTBR T + tf/J mice are unchanged by cross‐fostering with C57BL/6J mothers Tập 25 Số 8 - Trang 515-521 - 2007
Mu Yang, Vladimir Zhodzishsky, Jacqueline N. Crawley
AbstractInbred strains of mice are useful model systems for studying the
interactions of genetic and environmental contributions during
neurodevelopmental stages. We recently reported an inbred strain, BTBR T + tf/J
(BTBR), which, as compared to the commonly used C57BL/6J (B6) strain, displays
lower social interactions as juveniles, lower social approach in adult ages, and
higher levels of repetit... hiện toàn bộ
Shaping synaptic plasticity: The role of activity‐mediated epigenetic regulation on gene transcription Tập 31 Số 6 - Trang 359-369 - 2013
Javier Cortés‐Mendoza, Sol Díaz de León‐Guerrero, Gustavo Pedraza‐Alva, Leonor Pérez‐Martínez
AbstractLearning and memory are basic functions of the brain that allowed human
evolution. It is well accepted that during learning and memory formation the
dynamic establishment of new active synaptic connections is crucial. Persistent
synaptic activation leads to molecular events that include increased release of
neurotransmitters, increased expression of receptors on the postsynaptic neuron,
th... hiện toàn bộ
A review of gene linkage, association and expression studies in autism and an assessment of convergent evidence Tập 25 Số 2 - Trang 69-85 - 2007
Maosheng Yang, Michael Gill
AbstractAutism is a neurodevelopmental disorder with high heritability and a
likely complex genetic architecture. Much genetic evidence has accumulated in
the last 20 years but no gene has been unequivocally identified as containing
risk variants for autism. In this article we review the past and present
literature on neuro‐pathological, genetic linkage, genetic association, and gene
expression st... hiện toàn bộ