Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis
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Pyruvate remediation of cell stress and genotoxicity induced by haloacetic acid drinking water disinfection by‐productsMonohaloacetic acids (monoHAAs) are a major class of drinking water disinfection by‐products (DBPs) and are cytotoxic, genotoxic, mutagenic, and teratogenic. We propose a model of toxic action based on monoHAA‐mediated inhibition of glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) as a target cytosolic enzyme. This model predicts that GAPDH inhibition by the monoHAAs will lead to a severe ... ...
Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis - Tập 54 Số 8 - Trang 629-637 - 2013
Analysis of Salmonella typhimurium hisD3052 revertants: The use of oligodeoxyribonucleotide colony hybridization, PCR, and direct sequencing in mutational analysisAbstract A rapid method for determining the DNA sequences of Salmonella typhimurium hisD3052 revertants is presented. DNA colony hybridization was used to analyze revertants previously studied by Isono and Yourno [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 71:1612–1617, 1974]. Synthetic oligodeoxy‐ribonucleotide probes (18‐mers) were able to distinguish seque... ...
Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis - Tập 18 Số 4 - Trang 224-230 - 1991
Mutations induced by (−)‐anti‐11R,12S‐dihydrodiol 13S,14R‐epoxide of dibenzo[a,l]pyrene in the coding region of the hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (Hprt) gene in Chinese hamster V79 cellsAbstract The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon dibenzo[a,l ]pyrene (DB[a,l ]P) is an exceptionally potent carcinogen. Its direct DNA‐reactive metabolite, the fjord region (−)‐anti ‐11R ,12S ‐dihydrodiol 13S ,14...
Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis - Tập 41 Số 2 - Trang 131-139 - 2003
Chromosome aberration and sister chromatid exchange tests in chinese hamster ovary cells in vitro: II. Results with 20 chemicalsAbstract Twenty chemicals were tested for their ability to induce sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and chromosomal aberrations (ABs) in cultured Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO). These chemicals were tested with and without an added metabolic activation system (rat liver S9 fraction). Four chemicals were negative in both assays, 1 induced ABs only, and 15 were pos... ...
Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis - Tập 13 Số 1 - Trang 60-94 - 1989
Cytogenetic analyses of mice exposed to dichloromethaneAbstract Chromosome damage was studied in female B6C3F1 mice exposed to dichloromethane (DCM) by subcutaneous or inhalation treatments. No increase in the frequency of either sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) or chromosome aberrations (CAs) in bone marrow cells was observed after a single subcutaneous injection of 2,500 or 5,000 mg/kg DCM. Inhalation exposure to DCM... ...
Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis - Tập 15 Số 4 - Trang 221-228 - 1990
Transgenic chinese hamster V79 cell lines which exhibit variable levels of gpt mutagenesisAbstract The Escherichia coli gpt gene coding for xanthine‐guanine phosphoribosyl transferase has been stably transfected into HPRT − Chinese hamster V79 cells. Several gpt − cell lines have been established, which retain the sequence(s) even afte... ...
Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis - Tập 16 Số 1 - Trang 1-12 - 1990
Quercetin reduces chromosome aberrations induced by atrazine in the Allium cepa testAbstract Quercetin is a widely distributed plant flavonoid possessing a variety of chemical and biological activities, including chelation, free‐radical scavenging, and antioxidant activity. Atrazine is a selective triazine herbicide that has been the subject of an international revision program for human and ecological health risks because of its persistence in the... ...
Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis - Tập 47 Số 4 - Trang 254-259 - 2006
DNA damage in Pakistani agricultural workers exposed to mixture of pesticidesAbstract A cross‐sectional study was designed to determine whether occupational exposure to a complex mixture of pesticides results in a significant increase of DNA damage in farmers chronically exposed to pesticides in open fields. Leukocytes from 47 agriculture workers exposed to pesticides and 50 controls were evaluated with comet assay. Workers recruitment was b... ...
Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis - Tập 50 Số 1 - Trang 37-45 - 2009
Detection of ghost cells in the standard alkaline comet assay is not a good measure of apoptosisAbstract The single cell gel electrophoresis assay, or Comet assay, is a powerful tool for measurement of DNA strands breaks, oxidative damage, and alkali labile sites, and the assay was recently modified to detect DNA cross‐links. It has also been proposed as a measure of apoptosis since apoptotic cells are suspected to result in total migration of the DNA from the... ...
Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis - Tập 41 Số 4 - Trang 260-269 - 2003
Relative sensitivity of fish and mammalian cells to sodium arsenate and arsenite as determined by alkaline single‐cell gel electrophoresis and cytokinesis‐block micronucleus assayAbstract To protect human and ecosystem health, it is necessary to develop sensitive assays and to identify responsive cells and species (and their life stages). In this study, the relative genotoxicity of two inorganic arsenicals: trivalent sodium arsenite (As3+ ) and pentavalent sodium arsenate (As5+ ), was evaluated in two ... ...
Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis - Tập 44 Số 1 - Trang 83-89 - 2004
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