Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry

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Dynamics of hydrophobic organic chemical bioconcentration in fish
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry - Tập 6 Số 7 - Trang 495-504 - 1987
Frank A. P. C. Gobas, Donald Mackay
AbstractA model is presented describing the kinetics of uptake and release of nonmetabolizing organic chemicals by fish from water. The model contains three parameters: a bioconcentration factor which is specific to the chemical (and can be characterized by the octanol/water partition coefficient and fish lipid content), a water‐phase resistance term and a lipid‐phase resistance term which are spe... hiện toàn bộ
Dietary accumulation and quantitative structure‐activity relationships for depuration and biotransformation of short (C10), medium (C14), and long (C18) carbon‐chain polychlorinated alkanes by juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry - Tập 19 Số 6 - Trang 1508-1516 - 2000
Aaron T. Fisk, Gregg T. Tomy, Chris D. Cymbalisty, Derek C. G. Muir
AbstractJuvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were exposed to three [14C]‐polychlorinated alkanes (PCAs) (C10H15.3Cl6.7, C14H23.3Cl6.7, and C18H31.4Cl6.6) at nominal concentrations of 1.5 and 15 μg/g for 40 d, followed by 160 d of clean food, to measure bioaccumulation parameters and biotransformation. These PCAs are identical in carbon‐chain length and chlorine content to industrial chlori... hiện toàn bộ
Interspecies scaling of the bioaccumulation of lipophilic xenobiotics in fish: An example using trifluralin
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry - Tập 18 Số 7 - Trang 1440-1449 - 1999
Irvin R. Schultz, William L. Hayton
AbstractA poorly understood factor that may influence differences in the accumulation of a xenobiotic among fishes is interspecies differences in physiology. We have extensively studied the uptake, distribution, and excretion kinetics of the lipophilic herbicide trifluralin (TF) in fish, using a static water exposure system and compartmental toxicokinetic models. We obtained quantitative estimates... hiện toàn bộ
Occurrence of retene and resin acids in sediments and fish bile from a lake receiving pulp and paper mill effluents
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry - Tập 18 Số 7 - Trang 1498-1505 - 1999
Harri Leppänen, Aimo Oikari
AbstractRetene (7‐isopropyl−1‐methylphenanthrene) is a dialkyl‐substituted PAH derived thermally and microbially from dehydroabietic acid. We have analyzed for retene and several resin acids in sediments at five depths at several sites in a lake receiving effluents from three pulp and paper mills, and two upstream reference sites. The highest concentration of retene was 1,600 μg/g dry weight (11,7... hiện toàn bộ
Effect of ethinylestradiol on the reproduction and induction of vitellogenin and testis‐ova in medaka (Oryzias latipes)
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry - Tập 21 Số 8 - Trang 1692-1698 - 2002
Masanori Seki, Hirofumi Yokota, Haruki Matsubara, Tatsuya Oda, Hiroshi Tadokoro, Kunio Kobayashi
AbstractMature medaka (Oryzias latipes) were exposed to ethinylestradiol (EE2) at measured concentrations of 32.6, 63.9, 116, 261, and 488 ng/L for 21 d under flow‐through conditions. Effects on reproductive success of the fish as well as on gonadal condition and vitellogenin (VTG) induction were assessed. A significant decrease in fecundity was observed only at the highest EE2 concentration, wher... hiện toàn bộ
A temperate reef fish, Tautogolabrus adspersus, (Walbaum) as a potential model species for laboratory studies evaluating reproductive effects of chemical exposure
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry - Tập 21 Số 2 - Trang 380-389 - 2002
Ruth Gutjahr‐Gobell, Marina Huber, Doranne J. Borsay Horowitz, G. E. Zaroogian, Lesley J. Mills
AbstractIn ecotoxicological testing, there are few studies that report on reproductive output (egg production) of marine or estuarine fish. Cunner (Tautogolabrus adspersus) were studied as a potential model species to evaluate the impact of pollutants with estrogenic activity on reproduction in estuarine fish populations. Cunner inhabit marine and estuarine areas where contaminant discharges are l... hiện toàn bộ
Critical appraisal of the evidence for tributyltin‐mediated endocrine disruption in mollusks
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry - Tập 17 Số 1 - Trang 37-43 - 1998
Peter Matthiessen, Peter Gibbs
AbstractThis article reviews the field and laboratory evidence for endocrine disruption in gastropod mollusks caused by tributyltin (TBT). Abundant and undisputed field data link TBT with an irreversible sexual abnormality of female neogastropod snails known as “imposex.” This phenomenon is a masculinization process involving the development of male sex organs, notably a penis and a vas deferens; ... hiện toàn bộ
Inhibition of testicular growth in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to estrogenic alkylphenolic chemicals
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry - Tập 15 Số 2 - Trang 194-202 - 1996
Susan Jobling, John P. Sumpter, Dave Sheahan, Julia A. Osborne, Peter Matthiessen
AbstractIt is becoming evident that an increasing number of widely used industrial and agricultural chemicals are estrogenic. The biodegradation products of a major group of nonionic surfactants, the alkylphenol polyethoxylates, are one such group. Some of these chemicals are widespread aquatic pollutants, and bioconcentrate in aquatic biota. Exposure of male rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to... hiện toàn bộ
Linkage of biochemical responses to population‐level effects: A case study with vitellogenin in the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas)
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry - Tập 26 Số 3 - Trang 521-527 - 2007
David Miller, Kathleen Jensen, Daniel L. Villeneuve, Michael D. Kahl, Elizabeth A. Makynen, Elizabeth J. Durhan, Gerald T. Ankley
AbstractA challenge in the field of ecotoxicology is the linkage of alterations at molecular and biochemical levels of organization to adverse outcomes in individuals and populations. In the present study, a predictive relationship between plasma vitellogenin (VTG) concentration and fecundity in female fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) was derived from 21‐d laboratory toxicity tests with five ... hiện toàn bộ
Predictive model for aerobic biodegradability developed from a file of evaluated biodegradation data
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry - Tập 11 Số 5 - Trang 593-603 - 1992
Philip H. Howard, William Stiteler, William M. Meylan, Amy E. Hueber, Julie A. Beauman, Michael E. Larosche, Robert S. Boethling
AbstractA file of evaluated biodegradation data was used to develop a model for predicting aerobic biodegradability from chemical substructures. Chemicals initially were divided into three groups: (a) chemicals that degrade rapidly under most environmental conditions without requiring acclimation; (b) chemicals that are biodegradable, but only after an acclimation period; and (c) chemicals that de... hiện toàn bộ
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