BioEssays
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The IRS‐signalling system during insulin and cytokine actionAbstract The discovery of the first intracellular substrate for insulin, IRS‐1, redirected the field of diabetes research and has led to many important advances in our understanding of insulin action. Detailed analysis of IRS‐1 demonstrates structure/function relationships for this modular docking molecule, including mechanisms of substrate recognition and signal pr... ...
BioEssays - Tập 19 Số 6 - Trang 491-500 - 1997
Long non‐coding RNAs in cancer metabolismAltered cellular metabolism is an emerging hallmark of cancer. Accumulating recent evidence links long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a still poorly understood class of non‐coding RNAs, to cancer metabolism. Here we review the emerging findings on the functions of lncRNAs in cancer metabolism, with particular emphasis on how lncRNAs regulate glucose and glutamine metabo...
BioEssays - Tập 38 Số 10 - Trang 991-996 - 2016
Early life epigenetic programming and transmission of stress‐induced traits in mammalsThe environment can have a long‐lasting influence on an individual's physiology and behavior. While some environmental conditions can be beneficial and result in adaptive responses, others can lead to pathological behaviors. Many studies have demonstrated that changes induced by the environment are expressed not only by the individuals directly exposed, but also by ...
BioEssays - Tập 36 Số 5 - Trang 491-502 - 2014
The Fox and the thyroid: The amphioxus perspectiveAbstract The evolutionary origins of several vertebrate organs are still controversial. The thyroid is classically thought to derive directly from the endostyle (a pharyngeal organ found in urochordates, cephalochordates and lampreys). Several molecular and biochemical lines of evidence agree with this scenario. However, a recent paper, hiện toàn bộ
BioEssays - Tập 24 Số 8 - Trang 696-699 - 2002
Metabolic CompartmentationAbstract Evidence for the association of ‘soluble’ enzymes in vivo is extensive and compelling. These associations occur in all compartments of the cell of both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Several factors present in vivo promote these associations among enzymes whose association in vitro...
BioEssays - Tập 10 Số 4 - Trang 127-129 - 1989
Mitogenesis and protein synthesis: A role for ribosomal protein S6 phosphorylation?Abstract It has been known for 20 years that the ribosomal protein S6 is rapidly phosphorylated when cells are stimulated to grow or divide. Furthermore, numerous studies have documented that there is a strong correlation between increases in S6 phosphorylation and protein synthesis, leading to the idea that S6 phosphorylation is involved in up‐regulating translatio... ...
BioEssays - Tập 16 Số 11 - Trang 809-815 - 1994
Age and Location in Severity of COVID‐19 Pathology: Do Lactoferrin and Pneumococcal Vaccination Explain Low Infant Mortality and Regional Differences?Abstract Two conundrums puzzle COVID‐19 investigators: 1) morbidity and mortality is rare among infants and young children and 2) rates of morbidity and mortality exhibit large variances across nations, locales, and even within cities. It is found that the higher the rate of pneumococcal vaccination in a nation (or city) the lower the COVID‐19 morbidity and mortalit... ...
BioEssays - Tập 42 Số 11 - 2020
Perpetuating the double helix: molecular machines at eukaryotic DNA replication originsAbstract The hardest part of replicating a genome is the beginning. The first step of DNA replication (called “initiation”) mobilizes a large number of specialized proteins (“initiators”) that recognize specific sequences or structural motifs in the DNA, unwind the double helix, protect the exposed ssDNA, and recruit the enzymatic activities required for DNA synthes... ...
BioEssays - Tập 25 Số 12 - Trang 1158-1167 - 2003
Microtubule dynamic instability: A new model with coupled GTP hydrolysis and multistep catastropheAbstract A key question in understanding microtubule dynamics is how GTP hydrolysis leads to catastrophe, the switch from slow growth to rapid shrinkage. We first provide a review of the experimental and modeling literature, and then present a new model of microtubule dynamics. We demonstrate that vectorial, random, and coupled hydrolysis mechanisms are not consiste... ...
BioEssays - Tập 35 Số 5 - Trang 452-461 - 2013
Control of osteogenesis by the canonical Wnt and BMP pathways in vivoAbstract Although many regulators of skeletogenesis have been functionally characterized, one current challenge is to integrate this information into regulatory networks. Here, we discuss how the canonical Wnt and Smad‐dependent BMP pathways interact together and play antagonistic or cooperative roles at different steps of osteogenesis, in the context of the develop... ...
BioEssays - Tập 34 Số 11 - Trang 953-962 - 2012
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