BioEssays

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The free‐radical damage theory: Accumulating evidence against a simple link of oxidative stress to ageing and lifespan
BioEssays - Tập 33 Số 4 - Trang 255-259 - 2011
John R. Speakman, Colin Selman
AbstractRecent work on a small European cave salamander (Proteus anguinus) has revealed that it has exceptional longevity, yet it appears to have unexceptional defences against oxidative damage. This paper comes at the end of a string of other studies that are calling into question the free‐radical damage theory of ageing. This theory ros...... hiện toàn bộ
The IRS‐signalling system during insulin and cytokine action
BioEssays - Tập 19 Số 6 - Trang 491-500 - 1997
Lynne Yenush, Morris F. White
AbstractThe discovery of the first intracellular substrate for insulin, IRS‐1, redirected the field of diabetes research and has led to many important advances in our understanding of insulin action. Detailed analysis of IRS‐1 demonstrates structure/function relationships for this modular docking molecule, including mechanisms of substrate recognition and signal pr...... hiện toàn bộ
MYST family histone acetyltransferases take center stage in stem cells and development
BioEssays - Tập 31 Số 10 - Trang 1050-1061 - 2009
Anne K. Voss, Tim Thomas
AbstractAcetylation of histones is an essential element regulating chromatin structure and transcription. MYST (Moz, Ybf2/Sas3, Sas2, Tip60) proteins form the largest family of histone acetyltransferases and are present in all eukaryotes. Surprisingly, until ...... hiện toàn bộ
Tyrosine phosphorylation and cadherin/catenin function
BioEssays - Tập 19 Số 10 - Trang 883-891 - 1997
Juliet M. Daniel, Albert B. Reynolds
AbstractCadherin‐mediated cell‐cell adhesion is perturbed in protein tyrosine kinase (PTK)‐transformed cells. While cadherins themselves appear to be poor PTK substrates, their cytoplasmic binding partners, the Arm catenins, are excellent PTK substrates and therefore good candidates for mediating PTK‐induced changes in cadherin behavior. These proteins, p120... hiện toàn bộ
Going malignant: the hypoxia‐cancer connection in the prostate
BioEssays - Tập 24 Số 8 - Trang 749-757 - 2002
Peter W. Hochachka, Jim L. Rupert, S. Larry Goldenberg, Martin Gleave, Piotr Kozłowski
AbstractThe metabolic organization of both normal and malignant prostate cellular phenotypes involves some unusual and surprising features. In particular, both conditions exhibit ratios of NADH/NAD+ and NADPH/NADP+ charactersitic of high oxidative states despite a chronic shortage of O2 in both conditio...... hiện toàn bộ
DNA turnover and mutation in resting cells
BioEssays - Tập 19 Số 4 - Trang 347-352 - 1997
B.A. Bridges
AbstractThere is growing evidence that mutations can arise in non‐dividing cells (both bacterial and mammalian) in the absence of chromosomal replication. The processes that are involved are still largely unknown but may include two separate mechanisms. In the first, DNA lesions resulting from the action of endogenous mutagens may give rise to RNA transcripts with ...... hiện toàn bộ
Methionine or not methionine at the beginning of a protein
BioEssays - Tập 3 Số 1 - Trang 27-31 - 1985
Fred Sherman, John Stewart, Susumu Tsunasawa
AbstractMethionine aminopeptidases with a universal specificity have been revealed from the sequences of the amino‐terminal region of mutant forms of yeast iso‐1‐cytochrome c and from a systematic examination of the literature for amino‐terminal sequences formed at initiation sites. The aminopeptidase removes amino‐terminal residues of methionine when they precede ...... hiện toàn bộ
Translational control during early development
BioEssays - Tập 13 Số 4 - Trang 179-183 - 1991
Joel D. Richter
AbstractEarly development in many animals is programmed by maternally inherited messenger RNAs. Many of these mRNAs are translationally dormant in immature oocytes, but are recruited onto polysomes during meiotic maturation, fertilization, or early embryogenesis. In contrast, other mRNAs that are translated in oocytes are released from polysomes during these later ...... hiện toàn bộ
How did bacterial ancestors reproduce? Lessons from L‐form cells and giant lipid vesicles
BioEssays - Tập 34 Số 12 - Trang 1078-1084 - 2012
Yves Briers, Peter Walde, Markus Schuppler, Martin J. Loessner
AbstractIn possible scenarios on the origin of life, protocells represent the precursors of the first living cells. To study such hypothetical protocells, giant vesicles are being widely used as a simple model. Lipid vesicles can undergo complex morphological changes enabling self‐reproduction such as growth, fission, and extra‐ and intravesicular budding. These pr...... hiện toàn bộ
Dlg, Scribble and Lgl in cell polarity, cell proliferation and cancer
BioEssays - Tập 25 Số 6 - Trang 542-553 - 2003
Patrick O. Humbert, Sarah M. Russell, Helena E. Richardson
AbstractDlg (Discs large), Scrib (Scribble) and Lgl (Lethal giant larvae) are evolutionarily conserved components of a common genetic pathway that link the seemingly disparate functions of cell polarity and cell proliferation in epithelial cells. dlg, scrib and lgl have been identified...... hiện toàn bộ
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