Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Review and Update

Digestive Diseases and Sciences - Tập 55 - Trang 560-578 - 2010
Jeffrey R. Lewis1,2, Smruti R. Mohanty1,3
1Department of Medicine, Center for Liver Diseases, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
2Internal Medicine, Chicago, USA
3Section of Gastroenterology, Center for Liver Diseases, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA

Tóm tắt

The spectrum of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) ranges from asymptomatic steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis. Hepatic steatosis occurs when free fatty acids, released in the setting of insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome, are taken up by the liver. Additional biochemical insults, including oxidative stress, upregulation of inflammatory mediators, and dysregulated apoptosis, can result in inflammation (producing NASH) and fibrosis. Noninvasive methods (e.g., abdominal ultrasonography) are safe ways to support a diagnosis of hepatic steatosis, but advanced liver histopathologic findings including NASH and fibrosis cannot be identified without pursuing liver biopsy. Recent advances in serologic and imaging methods aim to determine severity of inflammation and fibrosis noninvasively. Currently, therapeutic options for NAFLD are limited to medications that reduce risk factors, but the future holds promise for therapies that might slow the progression of this increasingly prevalent disorder.

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Digestive Diseases and Sciences

Tập 55

560-578

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