Phản ứng morho-physiological và sự biểu hiện gen của cây lúa mì từ amphidiploid Aegilops cylindrica đối với stress mặn

Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture - Tập 144 - Trang 619-639 - 2021
Razieh Kiani1, Ahmad Arzani1, S. A. M. Mirmohammady Maibody1, Mehdi Rahimmalek1,2, Khadijeh Razavi3
1Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
2Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
3National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran

Tóm tắt

Aegilops cylindrica Host là một trong những loài chịu mặn tốt nhất thuộc bộ Triticeae. Các cây amphidiploid được tạo ra từ sự lai ghép giữa ‘Roshan’ × Aegilops cylindrica và ‘Chinese Spring’ × Ae. cylindrica có kiểu gen khác nhau về khả năng chịu mặn đã được đánh giá về các phản ứng morho-physiological cũng như các mẫu biểu hiện của hai gen liên quan đến cân bằng ion dưới 250 mM NaCl. Kết quả cho thấy rằng stress mặn đã gây ra sự giảm đáng kể ở cả các đặc điểm hình thái và nhiệp điệu của chúng. Hơn nữa, stress mặn không chỉ giảm tỷ lệ chlorophyll mà còn cả hàm lượng K trong rễ và thân cũng như tỷ lệ K/Na, trong khi nó dẫn đến sự gia tăng đáng kể ở các đặc điểm còn lại. Tương tự như Ae. cylindrica, các amphidiploids dưới tác động của stress mặn đã thể hiện mức H2O2 cao hơn, hàm lượng K trong rễ và thân cao hơn, và tỷ lệ K/Na trong rễ và thân cũng cao hơn, đi kèm với hàm lượng Na trong rễ và thân và nồng độ MDA thấp hơn khi so với các đặc điểm tương tự ở các cây lúa mì cha mẹ. PCR định lượng thời gian thực cho thấy các mẫu biểu hiện gen HKT1;5, NHX1 và SOS1 khác biệt một cách đáng kể giữa các amphidiploids và các cha mẹ của chúng. Mức bản sao của HKT1;5 được phát hiện là cao hơn ở rễ so với thân cả ở các amphidiploids và Ae. cylindrica, trong khi NHX1 thể hiện sự biểu hiện cao hơn trong mô thân. Tính nhất quán của những dữ liệu này cung cấp hỗ trợ thuyết phục cho giả thuyết rằng việc loại trừ Na tích cực từ rễ và sự co cụm vacuole nâng cao của Na trong lá có thể giải thích mức Na giảm trong thân và rễ của cả amphidiploids và Ae. cylindrica so với các mức đo được ở các cây lúa mì cha mẹ. Kết luận rằng các amphiploids lai ghép là nguồn tài nguyên có giá trị tiềm năng cho việc cải thiện khả năng chịu mặn trong lúa mì bánh thông qua phương pháp lai ngược. Một tương tác hỗ trợ giữa các gen HKT1;5, NHX1 và SOS1 được giả thuyết là có liên quan tích cực và đáng kể đến cân bằng Na+ trong A. cylindrica và các cây amphidiploid chịu stress mặn.

Từ khóa

#Aegilops cylindrica #amphidiploid #khả năng chịu mặn #stress mặn #cân bằng ion #biểu hiện gen

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Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture

Tập 144

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