Cha Có Quan Trọng Hơn? Sự Tương Hợp Tích Cực Giữa Mối Quan Hệ Cha-Con và Sự Sống Vật Chất Của Thanh Thiếu Niên Bị Bỏ Lại

Journal of Child and Family Studies - Tập 32 - Trang 3612-3624 - 2023
Huaiyuan Qi1, Qinhong Kang1, Cuihua Bi1, Qi Wu1, Lu Jiang1, Daixuan Wu1
1School of Psychology, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China

Tóm tắt

Thuật ngữ "thanh thiếu niên bị bỏ lại" chỉ những thanh thiếu niên sống trong khu vực đăng ký hộ khẩu với một trong hai cha mẹ hoặc người giám hộ tạm thời vì cả hai hoặc một trong hai cha mẹ đã rời bỏ thành phố để làm việc. Sự sống vật chất chủ quan là một chỉ số quan trọng về sự phát triển khỏe mạnh của thanh thiếu niên. Tuy nhiên, còn rất ít nghiên cứu được thực hiện về các yếu tố liên quan đến sự sống vật chất chủ quan của những thanh thiếu niên bị bỏ lại. Nghiên cứu này đã điều tra mức độ sống vật chất chủ quan của thanh thiếu niên bị bỏ lại và khám phá các cơ chế tiềm năng giữa mối quan hệ cha-con và sự sống vật chất chủ quan. Chúng tôi đã thu thập một mẫu gồm 604 học sinh trung học từ một khu vực nông thôn ở tây nam Trung Quốc (52.98% nữ; Mage = 13.76; SD = 0.88). Chúng tôi so sánh một mô hình trung gian giữa các thanh thiếu niên bị bỏ lại bởi cha (n=200), mẹ (n=122), và cả hai cha mẹ (n=282). Kết quả cho thấy mối quan hệ cha-con có sự liên kết tích cực với sự sống vật chất chủ quan. Các nhu cầu tâm lý cơ bản và ý nghĩa trong cuộc sống đều trung gian hóa mối quan hệ giữa mối quan hệ cha-con và sự sống vật chất chủ quan ở những thanh thiếu niên bị bỏ lại. Không có sự khác biệt đáng kể về vai trò của mối quan hệ cha-con và mối quan hệ mẹ-con. Thêm vào đó, khác với nghiên cứu trước đây, chúng tôi phát hiện không có sự liên kết trực tiếp nào giữa mối quan hệ mẹ-con và sự sống vật chất chủ quan khi mẹ vắng mặt. Và không có mối quan hệ trực tiếp đáng kể nào giữa mối quan hệ cha-con và sự sống vật chất chủ quan khi cha vắng mặt. Kết quả của chúng tôi làm tăng thêm hiểu biết về cách sự vắng mặt của cha mẹ ảnh hưởng đến sự phát triển tâm lý tích cực của thanh thiếu niên bị bỏ lại.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Ai, H., & Hu, J. (2016). Psychological resilience moderates the impact of social support on loneliness of “left-behind” children. Journal of Health Psychology, 21(6), 1066–1073. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105314544992.

Akin, U., Akin, A., & Uğur, E. (2016). Mediating role of mindfulness on the associations of friendship quality and subjective vitality. Psychological Reports, 119(2), 516–526. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033294116661273.

Allen, T. D., & Kiburz, K. M. (2012). Trait mindfulness and work–family balance among working parents: The mediating effects of vitality and sleep quality. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(2), 372–379. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2011.09.002.

Arslan, G. (2021). Loneliness, college belongingness, subjective vitality, and psychological adjustment during coronavirus pandemic: Development of the College Belongingness Questionnaire. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 5(1), 17–31. https://doi.org/10.47602/jpsp.v5i1.240.

Bacikova-Sleskova, M., Benka, J., & Orosova, O. (2015). Parental employment status and adolescents’ health: the role of financial situation, parent-adolescent relationship and adolescents’ resilience. Psychology & Health, 30(4), 400–422. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2014.976645.

Bentler, P. M., & Chou, C. H. (1987). Practical issues in structural modeling. Sociol. Methods Res., 16, 78–117. https://doi.org/10.1177/0049124187016001004.

Bjorklund, D. F., & Kipp, K. (1996). Parental investment theory and gender differences in the evolution of inhibition mechanisms. Psychological Bulletin, 120(2), 163–188. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.120.2.163.

Buchanan, C. M., Maccoby, E. E., & Dornbusch, S. M. (1991). Caught between parents: Adolescents’ experience in divorced homes. Child Development, 62(5), 1008–1029. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.1991.tb01586.x.

Chai, X., Li, X., Ye, Z., Li, Y., & Lin, D. (2019). Subjective well‐being among left‐behind children in rural C hina: The role of ecological assets and individual strength. Child: Care, Health and Development, 45(1), 63–70. https://doi.org/10.1111/cch.12630.

Cheung, G. W., & Rensvold, R. B. (2002). Evaluating goodness-of-fit indexes for testing measurement invariance. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 9(2), 233–255. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15328007SEM0902_5.

Coffman, J. K., Guerin, D. W., & Gottfried, A. W. (2006). Reliability and Validity of the Parent-Child Relationship Inventory (PCRI): Evidence from a Longitudinal Cross-Informant Investigation. Psychological Assessment, 18(2), 209–214. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.18.2.209.

Cohen, P., West, S. G., & Aiken, L. S. (2003). Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences (pp. 640-642), 3rd edition. London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Press. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781410606266.

Duan, C. R., Lv, L. D., Guo, J., & Wang, Z. P. (2013). Survival and development of left-behind children in rural China: Based on the analysis of sixth census data. Population Journal, 35(3), 37–49. CNKI:SUN:RKXK.0.2013-03-003.

Dubreuil, P., Forest, J., & Courcy, F. (2014). From strengths use to work performance: The role of harmonious passion, subjective vitality, and concentration. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 9(4), 335–349. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2014.898318.

Eakman, A. M. (2014). A prospective longitudinal study testing relationships between meaningful activities, basic psychological needs fulfillment, and meaning in life. OTJR: Occupation, Participation and Health, 34(2), 93–105. https://doi.org/10.3928/15394492-20140211-01.

Fellmeth, G., Rose-Clarke, K., Zhao, C., Busert, L. K., Zheng, Y., Massazza, A., & Devakumar, D. (2018). Health impacts of parental migration on left-behind children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet, 392(10164), 2567–2582. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32558-3.

Gagné, M. (2003). The role of autonomy support and autonomy orientation in prosocial behavior engagement. Motivation and Emotion, 27(3), 199–223. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025007614869.

Gao, Q., Zheng, H., Sun, R., & Lu, S. (2022). Parent-adolescent relationships, peer relationships, and adolescent mobile phone addiction: The mediating role of psychological needs satisfaction. Addictive Behaviors, 129, 107260 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107260.

Gao, Q., Sun, R., Fu, E., Jia, G., & Xiang, Y. (2020). Parent–child relationship and smartphone use disorder among Chinese adolescents: The mediating role of quality of life and the moderating role of educational level. Addictive Behaviors, 101, 106065 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.106065.

Ge, T. (2020). Effect of socioeconomic status on children’s psychological well-being in China: The mediating role of family social capital. Journal of Health Psychology, 25(8), 1118–1127. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105317750462.

Graham, E., & Jordan, L. P. (2011). Migrant parents and the psychological well‐being of left‐behind children in Southeast Asia. Journal of Marriage and Family, 73(4), 763–787. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2011.00844.x.

Guo, S., Cheung, C. K. J., Hu, J., & Ning, X. (2021). The moderation effect of identity exploration and basic psychological needs satisfaction on flourishing of Chinese rural children. Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica, 34. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41155-020-00166-5.

Hoang, L. A., Lam, T., Yeoh, B. S., & Graham, E. (2015). Transnational migration, changing care arrangements and left-behind children’s responses in South-east Asia. Children’s Geographies, 13(3), 263–277. https://doi.org/10.1080/14733285.2015.972653.

Ju, H. (2017). The relationship between physical activity, meaning in life, and subjective vitality in community-dwelling older adults. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 73, 120–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2017.08.001.

Kealy, D., Ben-David, S., & Cox, D. W. (2020). Early parental support and meaning in life among young adults: The mediating roles of optimism and identity. Current Psychology, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-020-00907-w.

Krok, D. (2018). When is meaning in life most beneficial to young people? Styles of meaning in life and well-being among late adolescents. Journal of Adult Development, 25(2), 96–106. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-017-9280-y.

Kurtines, W. M., Ferrer-Wreder, L., Berman, S. L., Lorente, C. C., Silverman, W. K., & Montgomery, M. J. (2008). Promoting Positive Youth Development: New Directions in Developmental Theory, Methods, and Research. Journal of Adolescent Research, 23(3), 233–244. https://doi.org/10.1177/0743558408314372.

Lam, T., & Yeoh, B. S. (2019). Parental migration and disruptions in everyday life: reactions of left-behind children in Southeast Asia. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 45(16), 3085–3104. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2018.1547022.

Leversen, I., Danielsen, A. G., Birkeland, M. S., & Samdal, O. (2012). Basic psychological need satisfaction in leisure activities and adolescents’ life satisfaction. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 41(12), 1588–1599. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-012-9776-5.

Li, M., Ren, Y., & Sun, H. (2020). Social anxiety status of left-behind children in rural areas of hunan province and its relationship with loneliness. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 51, 1016–1024. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-020-01045-x.

Liang, Y., Wang, L., & Rui, G. (2017). Depression among left-behind children in China. Journal of Health Psychology, 22(14), 1897–1905. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105316676333.

Liu, J., Lin, L., Lv, Y., Wei, C., Zhou, Y., & Chen, X. (2013). Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the basic psychological needs scale. Chinese Mental Health Journal, 27(10), 791–795. CNKI:SUN:ZXWS.0.2013-10-015.

Liu, J. D., & Chung, P. K. (2019). Factor structure and measurement invariance of the Subjective Vitality Scale: Evidence from Chinese adolescents in Hong Kong. Quality of Life Research, 28(1), 233–239. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-018-1990-5.

Liu, P. L., & Leung, L. (2017). Migrant parenting and mobile phone use: Building quality relationships between Chinese migrant workers and their left-behind children. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 12(4), 925–946. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11482-016-9498-z.

Man, Y., Mengmeng, L., Lezhi, L., Ting, M., & Jingping, Z. (2017). The psychological problems and related influential factors of left-behind adolescents (LBA) in Hunan, China: a cross sectional study. International Journal for Equity in Health, 16(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-017-0639-2.

McMahan, E. A., & Renken, M. D. (2011). Eudaimonic conceptions of well-being, meaning in life, and self-reported well-being: Initial test of a mediational model. Personality and Individual Differences, 51(5), 589–594. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2011.05.020.

Miao, M., & Gan, Y. (2019). How does meaning in life predict proactive coping? The self‐regulatory mechanism on emotion and cognition. Journal of Personality, 87(3), 579–592. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12416.

Mordeno, I. G., Gallemit, I. M. J. S., Lantud, S. S. B., & Hall, B. J. (2019). Personal psychological resources mediate parent–child relationship and mental health among left‐behind children. PsyCh Journal, 8(3), 318–329. https://doi.org/10.1002/pchj.288.

Nishimura, T., Bradshaw, E. L., Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2021). Satisfaction of basic psychological needs in an interdependence model of fathers’ own aspirations and those of their adolescent children. Social Development, 30(1), 293–310. https://doi.org/10.1111/sode.12473.

Niu, G., Chai, H., Li, Z., Wu, L., Sun, X., & Zhou, Z. (2020). Online parent-child communication and left-behind Children’s subjective well-being: The effects of parent-child relationship and gratitude. Child Indicators Research, 13(3), 967–980. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12187-019-09657-z.

Ostafin, B. D., & Proulx, T. (2020). Meaning in life and resilience to stressors. Anxiety, Stress, & Coping, 33(6), 603–622. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615806.2020.1800655.

Palkovitz, R. (2019). Expanding our focus from father involvement to father–child relationship quality. Journal of Family Theory & Review, 11(4), 576–591. https://doi.org/10.1111/jftr.12352.

Peng, C., Kwok, C. L., Law, Y. W., Yip, P. S., & Cheng, Q. (2019). Intergenerational support, satisfaction with parent–child relationship and elderly parents’ life satisfaction in Hong Kong. Aging & Mental Health, 23(4), 428–438. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2017.1423035.

Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior Research Methods, 40(3), 879–891. https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.40.3.879.

Qi, H., Kang, Q., & Bi, C. (2022). How does the parent-adolescent relationship affect adolescent internet addiction? parents’ distinctive influences. Frontiers in Psychology, 2963. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.886168.

Qu, G. B., Wu, W., Wang, L. L., Tang, X., Sun, Y. H., Li, J., & Wang, J. (2018). Systematic review and meta‐analysis found higher levels of behavioural problems in male left‐behind children aged 6–11 years. Acta Paediatrica, 107(8), 1327–1334. https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.14199.

Ryan, R. M., & Frederick, C. (1997). On energy, personality, and health: Subjective vitality as a dynamic reflection of well‐being. Journal of Personality, 65(3), 529–565. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.1997.tb00326.x.

Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). The darker and brighter sides of human existence: Basic psychological needs as a unifying concept. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 319–338. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_03.

Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2017). Self-determination theory: Basic psychological needs in motivation, development, and wellness. New York: Guilford Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1521/978.14625/28806.

Ryan, R. M., Bernstein, J. H., & Brown, K. W. (2010). Weekends, work, and well-being: Psychological need satisfactions and day of the week effects on mood, vitality, and physical symptoms. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 29(1), 95–122. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2010.29.1.95.

Salmerón, R., García, C. B., & García, J. (2018). Variance inflation factor and condition number in multiple linear regression. Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation, 88(12), 2365–2384. https://doi.org/10.1080/00949655.2018.1463376.

Scharp, K. M., & Thomas, L. J. (2016). Family “bonds”: Making meaning of parent–child relationships in estrangement narratives. Journal of Family Communication, 16(1), 32–50. https://doi.org/10.1080/15267431.2015.1111215.

Shao, J., Zhang, L., Ren, Y., Xiao, L., & Zhang, Q. (2018). Parent–Child Cohesion, Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction, and Emotional Adaptation in Left-Behind Children in China: An Indirect Effects Model. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 1023 https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01023.

Shek, D. T., Dou, D., Zhu, X., & Chai, W. (2019). Positive youth development: Current perspectives. Adolescent Health, Medicine and Therapeutics, 10, 131 https://doi.org/10.2147/AHMT.S179946.

Steger, M. F., Frazier, P., Oishi, S., & Kaler, M. (2006). The Meaning in Life Questionnaire: Assessing the Presence of and Search for Meaning in Life. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 53(1), 80–93. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.53.1.80.

Steger, M. F. (2009). Meaning in life. In S. J. Lopez & C. R. Snyder (Eds.), Oxford handbook of positive psychology (pp.679–687). New York: Oxford University Press. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2009-05143-064.

Sun, P., Sun, Y., Fang, D., Jiang, H., & Pan, M. (2021). Cumulative ecological risk and problem behaviors among adolescents in secondary vocational schools: the mediating roles of Core self-evaluation and basic psychological need satisfaction. Frontiers in Public Health, 9, 591614 https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.591614.

Taylor, R. D., Oberle, E., Durlak, J. A., & Weissberg, R. P. (2017). Promoting positive youth development through school‐based social and emotional learning interventions: A meta‐analysis of follow‐up effects. Child development, 88(4), 1156–1171. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12864.

To, S. M., Lam, C. M., & So, Y. Y. (2020). A Qualitative Study of Rural-To-Urban Migrant Chinese Mothers’ Experiences in Mother-Child Interactions and Self-Evaluation. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 15(3), 813–833. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11482-019-9704-x.

Toner, E., Haslam, N., Robinson, J., & Williams, P. (2012). Character strengths and wellbeing in adolescence: Structure and correlates of the Values in Action Inventory of Strengths for Children. Personality and Individual Differences, 52(5), 637–642. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2011.12.014.

Unanue, W., Gómez, M. E., Cortez, D., Oyanedel, J. C., & Mendiburo-Seguel, A. (2017). Revisiting the link between job satisfaction and life satisfaction: The role of basic psychological needs. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 680 https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00680.

Unicef. (2021). The State of the World’s Children 2021: On My Mind. Unicef. https://www.unicef.org/reports/state-worlds-children-2021.

Vansteenkiste, M., & Ryan, R. M. (2013). On psychological growth and vulnerability: basic psychological need satisfaction and need frustration as a unifying principle. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 23(3), 263 https://doi.org/10.1037/a0032359.

Wang, M., Victor, B. G., Hong, J. S., Wu, S., Huang, J., Luan, H., & Perron, B. E. (2020b). A scoping review of interventions to promote health and well-being of left-behind children in Mainland China. The British Journal of Social Work, 50(5), 1419–1439. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcz116.

Wang, Q., Wang, H., & Liu, X. (2020a). Loneliness, non-suicidal self-injury, and friendship quality among Chinese left-behind adolescents: the role of parent-child cohesion. Journal of Affective Disorders, 271, 193–200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.03.112.

Wilson, K. R., & Prior, M. R. (2011). Father involvement and child well‐being. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 47(7), 405–407.

Wong P. T. P. (2016) Meaning-Seeking, Self-Transcendence, and Well-being. In: Batthyány A. (eds) Logotherapy and Existential Analysis. Logotherapy and Existential Analysis: Proceedings of the Viktor Frankl Institute Vienna. Cham, CH: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1754.2010.01770.x.

Wu, W., Xie, R., Ding, W., Wang, D., Zhu, L., Ding, D., & Li, W. (2021). Fathers’ involvement and left-behind children’s mental health in China: The roles of paternal-and maternal-attachment. Current Psychology, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-01804-6.

Youlu, S. (2017). “Migrating” or being “left behind”: The education dilemma of rural children in mainland China. Chinese Education & Society, 50(3), 217–244. https://doi.org/10.1080/10611932.2017.1331014.

Yu, S., Zhang, F., Nunes, L. D., Deng, Y., & Levesque-Bristol, C. (2020). Basic psychological needs as a predictor of positive affects: A look at peace of mind and vitality in aChinese and American college students. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 15(4), 488–499. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2019.1627398.

Zhang, J., Liu, Q., Deng, Y., Fang, X., Liu, Z., & Lan, J. (2011). Parents-adolescent’s relations and adolescent’s internet addiciton: The mediaiton effect of loneliness. Psychological Development and Education (Chinese Journal), 6, 641–647. https://doi.org/10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2011.06.003.

Zhao, J., Wang, Q., & Xue, X. (2020). The longitudinal associations among perceived discrimination, social initiative, and depressive symptoms in Chinese rural left-behind adolescents. Journal of Adolescence, 81, 114–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2020.04.006.

Zhao, J., Li, Q., Wang, L., Lin, L., & Zhang, W. (2019). Latent profile analysis of left-behind adolescents’ psychosocial adaptation in rural China. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 48(6), 1146–1160. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-019-00989-1.

Zhao, J. X., Liu, X., & Wang, M. F. (2015). Parent-child cohesion, friend companionship and left-behind children’s emotional adaptation in rural China. Child abuse & neglect, 48, 190–199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2015.07.005.

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Journal of Child and Family Studies

Tập 32

3612-3624

Thông tin tác giả