Zoological Letters
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Correction: Deep-sea ctenostome bryozoans: revision of the family Pachyzoidae, with description of a new genus and three new species from Zealandia
Zoological Letters - - 2024
Paedomorphosis in the Ezo salamander (Hynobius retardatus) rediscovered after almost 90 years
Zoological Letters - Tập 7 - Trang 1-9 - 2021
Although paedomorphosis is widespread across salamander families, only two species have ever been documented to exhibit paedomorphosis in Hynobiidae. One of these two exceptional species is Hynobius retardatus in which paedomorphosis was first reported in 1924, in specimens from Lake Kuttara in Hokkaido. This population became extinct after the last observation in 1932; since then, no paedomorphs ......
Evidence for a cordal, not ganglionic, pattern of cephalopod brain neurogenesis
Zoological Letters - Tập 1 - Trang 1-13 - 2015
From the large-brained cephalopods to the acephalic bivalves, molluscs show a vast range of nervous system centralization patterns. Despite this diversity, molluscan nervous systems, broadly considered, are organized either as medullary cords, as seen in chitons, or as ganglia, which are typical of gastropods and bivalves. The cephalopod brain is exceptional not just in terms of its size; its rela......
X-ray imaging of a water bear offers a new look at tardigrade internal anatomy
Zoological Letters - Tập 5 - Trang 1-11 - 2019
Tardigrades (water bears) are microscopic invertebrates of which the anatomy has been well studied using traditional techniques, but a comprehensive three-dimensional reconstruction has never been performed. In order to close this gap, we employed X-ray computed tomography (CT), a technique that is becoming increasingly popular in zoology for producing high-resolution, three-dimensional (3D) scans......
Combined pigmentary and structural effects tune wing scale coloration to color vision in the swallowtail butterfly Papilio xuthus
Zoological Letters - Tập 1 - Trang 1-10 - 2015
Butterflies have well-developed color vision, presumably optimally tuned to the detection of conspecifics by their wing coloration. Here we investigated the pigmentary and structural basis of the wing colors in the Japanese yellow swallowtail butterfly, Papilio xuthus, applying spectrophotometry, scatterometry, light and electron microscopy, and optical modeling. The about flat lower lamina of the......
The phylum Vertebrata: a case for zoological recognition
Zoological Letters - Tập 4 - Trang 1-20 - 2018
The group Vertebrata is currently placed as a subphylum in the phylum Chordata, together with two other subphyla, Cephalochordata (lancelets) and Urochordata (ascidians). The past three decades, have seen extraordinary advances in zoological taxonomy and the time is now ripe for reassessing whether the subphylum position is truly appropriate for vertebrates, particularly in light of recent advance......
Measurement of refractive indices of tunicates’ tunics: light reflection of the transparent integuments in an ascidian Rhopalaea sp. and a salp Thetys vagina
Zoological Letters - Tập 3 Số 1 - 2017
Physical properties of the tunic in the pinkish-brown salp Pegea confoederata (Tunicata: Thaliacea)
Zoological Letters - Tập 4 Số 1 - 2018
The importance of being integrative: a remarkable case of synonymy in the genus Viridiscus (Heterotardigrada: Echiniscidae)
Zoological Letters - Tập 7 - Trang 1-10 - 2021
There are two predominant sources of taxonomically useful morphological variability in the diverse tardigrade family Echiniscidae: the internal structure and surface sculpture of the cuticular plates covering the dorsum (sculpturing) and the arrangement and morphology of the trunk appendages (chaetotaxy). However, since the appendages often exhibit intraspecific variation (they can be reduced or c......
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