C. Owen Lovejoy, Richard S. Meindl, Thomas R. Pryzbeck, Robert P. Mensforth
AbstractA new method for the determination of adult skeletal age at death based
upon chronological changes in the auricular surface of the ilium is presented.
Formal stages have been constructed following extensive tests and refinements in
observations made of such changes. Two completely “blind” tests were conducted
to assess the accuracy and bias of the new method. Results show that the system
i... hiện toàn bộ
Sakher AlQahtani, Mark Hector, Helen M. Liversidge
AbstractThe aim of this study was to develop a comprehensive evidence‐based
atlas to estimate age using both tooth development and alveolar eruption for
human individuals between 28 weeks in utero and 23 years. This was a
cross‐sectional, retrospective study of archived material with the sample aged 2
years and older having a uniform age and sex distribution. Developing teeth from
72 prenatal and ... hiện toàn bộ
AbstractTooth wear records valuable information on diet and methods of food
preparation in prehistoric populations or extinct species. In this study,
samples of modern and prehistoric hunter–gatherers and agriculturalists are used
to test the hypothesis that there are systematic differences in patterns of
tooth wear related to major differences in subsistence and food preparation.
Flatness of mola... hiện toàn bộ
AbstractThe postcranial skeleton of Australopithecus afarensis from the Hadar
Formation, Ethiopia, and the footprints from the Laetoli Beds of northern
Tanzania, are analyzed with the goal of determining (1) the extent to which this
ancient hominid practiced forms of locomotion other than terrestrial bipedality,
and (2) whether or not the terrestrial bipedalism of A. afarensis was notably
differen... hiện toàn bộ
R. E. M. Hedges, John G. Clement, C. David L. Thomas, Tamsin C. O’Connell
AbstractWe have measured the 14C content of human femoral mid‐shaft collagen to
determine the dynamics of adult collagen turnover, using the sudden doubling and
subsequent slow relaxation of global atmospheric 14C content due to nuclear bomb
testing in the 1960s and 1970s as a tracer. 14C measurements were made on bone
collagen from 67 individuals of both sexes who died in Australia in 1990‐1993,
... hiện toàn bộ
AbstractMeasurements were taken on the upper and lower molars of 37 species of
primates and one tupaiid to assess the relative importance of shearing, crushing
and grinding features.Significant correlations were found between pairs of
allometrically standardized dimensions which measure the same molar function
(shearing, crushing, or grinding). Correlations between pairs of dimensions
which do not... hiện toàn bộ
AbstractAmong primitive peoples dental attrition appears to be a natural
phenomenon. Often the degrees and kinds of tooth wear vary from population to
population. This variability is possibly related to certain material aspects of
culture such as diet, food preparation techniques and tool usage. In order to
learn more about these relationships, extensive cross cultural comparisons must
be made.Thi... hiện toàn bộ
Benjamin T. Fuller, James L. Fuller, David A. Harris, R. E. M. Hedges
AbstractCarbon (13C/12C) and nitrogen (15N/14N) stable isotope ratios were
longitudinally measured in fingernail and hair samples from mother‐infant pairs
where infants were exclusively breastfed (n = 5), breast‐ and formula‐fed (n =
2), or exclusively formula‐fed (n = 1) from birth. All exclusively breastfed
infants had a dual enrichment in carbon (≈1‰) and nitrogen (≈2–3‰) when compared
to mater... hiện toàn bộ