AbstractFully grown oocytes of the frog (Rana pipiens) undergo cytoplasmic and
nuclear maturation when treated with progesterone after the follicular envelopes
have been removed. The mechanism of this maturation was investigated by
injection of cytoplasm from progesterone‐treated oocytes at various stages of
maturation into fully grown but immature oocytes. The injected cytoplasm becomes
effective... hiện toàn bộ
Ingrid M. Weiss, Noreen Tuross, Lia Addadi, Steve Weiner
AbstractThe larval shells of the marine bivalves Mercenaria mercenaria and
Crassostrea gigas are investigated by polarized light microscopy, infrared
spectroscopy, Raman imaging spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Both
species contain similar shell ultrastructures. We show that larval shells
contain amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC), in addition to aragonite. The
aragonite is much less... hiện toàn bộ
AbstractRepresentatives of 30 species of fish were examined for their content of
LDH isozymes. One major isozyme system was found in all fish. In addition, two
minor systems restricted to eyes and to gonads were found in many fish. Fish may
be classified into four groups on the basis of their possession of one, two,
three, or five major isozymes of LDH. The major isozyme patterns can be
attributed... hiện toàn bộ
AbstractThe secondary active Cl− secretion in seawater (SW) teleost fish gills
and elasmobranch rectal gland involves basolateral Na+,K+‐ATPase and NKCC,
apical membrane CFTR anion channels, and a paracellular Na+‐selective
conductance. In freshwater (FW) teleost gill, the mechanism of NaCl uptake is
more controversial and involves apical V‐type H+‐ATPase linked to an apical Na+
channel, apical Cl... hiện toàn bộ
AbstractA triple‐stain technique has been developed to score normal
acrosome‐reacted human sperm in fixed smears. Live and dead sperm are first
differentiated using the vital stain trypan blue. Sperm are then fixed in
glutar‐aldehyde, dried onto slides, and the postacrosomal region and acrosome
are differentiated using Bismark brown and Rose Bengal. Slides are examined at
1,000 × with a bright‐fie... hiện toàn bộ
AbstractIn this short review of fish gill morphology we cover some basic gross
anatomy as well as in some more detail the microscopic anatomy of the branchial
epithelia from representatives of the major extant groups of fishes (Agnathans,
Elasmobranchs, and Teleosts). The agnathan hagfishes have primitive gill
pouches, while the lampreys have arch‐like gills similar to the higher fishes.
In the la... hiện toàn bộ
AbstractHalf of the 22 extant crocodilians show evidence of
temperature‐dependent sex determination (TSD). We examine evidence for TSD in 11
species by reviewing reports on five and presenting new data for six. The
female‐male pattern (FM; females at low temperature, males at high temperature)
attributed to Alligator mississippiensis and Caiman crocodilus are here revised
to be female‐male‐female ... hiện toàn bộ
Michael A. Ewert, Dale R. Jackson, Craig E. Nelson
AbstractAmong reptiles that show temperature‐dependent sex determination, sex
ratios vary across constant incubation temperatures in ways sufficiently
predictable to allow classification into patterns. One common pattern shows low
temperatures yielding only males and high temperatures yielding only females.
Another common pattern has low as well as high temperatures yielding only or
mostly females... hiện toàn bộ