Wiley
0952-0481
2056-5178
Cơ quản chủ quản: N/A
Các bài báo tiêu biểu
The Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence: a revision of the Fagerstrom Tolerance Questionnaire
Tập 86 Số 9 - Trang 1119-1127 - 1991
AbstractWe examine and refine the Fagerström Tolerance Questionnaire (FTQ;
Fagerström, 1978). The relation between each FTQ item and biochemical measures
of heaviness of smoking was examined in 254 smokers. We found that the nicotine
rating item and the inhalation item were unrelated to any of our biochemical
measures and these two items were primary contributors to psychometric
deficiencies in th...
Recreational MDMA use in Sydney: a profile of ‘Ecstasy’ users and their experiences with the drug
Tập 87 Số 8 - Trang 1161-1172 - 1992
Abstract‘Ecstasy’ (3,4‐methylenedioxymethampketamine or MDMA) is a recreational
drug that is gaining popularity world wide. There is a paucity of research
regarding the ways in which Ecstasy is used and the nature of its effects. A
‘snowball’ peer network technique was used to recruit 100 users who completed
anonymous questionnaires. The research revealed that Ecstasy is primarily used
by infreque...
Behavioural (non‐chemical) addictions
Tập 85 Số 11 - Trang 1389-1394 - 1990
Abstract‘Addiction’ denotes repetitive routines that aim to obtain chemicals
and, less often, routines without that aim. The latter are behavioural
addictions. They include obsessive‐compulsive disorder (OCD), compulsive
spending (including gambling), overeating (bulimia), hypersexuality (straight or
deviant), and kleptomania. Common across dependence syndromes is: a repeated
urge to engage in beh...
Exercise Dependence
Tập 82 Số 7 - Trang 735-740 - 1987
SummaryExercise can become a compulsive behaviour and harmful to an individual.
This review proposes diagnostic criteria for ‘exercise dependence’ to facilitate
recognition in Sports clinics and further research. The importance of diagnosing
exercise dependence lies in the prevention of morbidity and rarely mortality if
exercise is continued in the presence of illness or injury. There is
insuffici...
The Validity of the Short Alcohol Dependence Data (SADD) Questionnaire: a short self‐report questionnaire for the assessment of alcohol dependence
Tập 81 Số 2 - Trang 217-222 - 1986
SummaryThe evidence for the unitary nature of alcohol dependence is discussed
and the usefulness of existing instruments to measure dependence is reviewed.
Three separate studies are presented that support the validity of SADD. Several
measures of construct and concurrent validity are investigated including
comparison with the SADQ and EADS. Attention is drawn to the discriminating
characteristics...
Patterns of Benzodiazepine Abuse and Dependence
Tập 81 Số 1 - Trang 87-94 - 1986
SummaryPatterns of benzodiazepine abuse and dependence are not well known. Data
on drug use and other demographic and clinical characteristics were collected in
176 patients consecutively referred to the Addiction Research Foundation
Clinical Institute for assessment and treatment of benzodiazepine abuse and/or
dependence. Objective confirmation of benzodiazepine use was obtained in 95% of
subject...
Selective effects of alcohol on Wisconsin card sorting test performance
Tập 86 Số 4 - Trang 399-407 - 1991
Abstract Social drinker volunteers were randomly assigned to the four cells of a
balanced placebo design, with 10 males and 10 females per cell. They consumed a
beverage which contained either tonic water only, or tonic water plus sufficient
vodka to induce peak blood alcohol levels of approximately 0.05%. Subjects then
completed a computer version of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) in two
...
Caffeine: A Survey of Some of the Known and Suspected Deleterious Effects of Habitual Use
Tập 78 Số 3 - Trang 251-258 - 1983
SummaryThe potential untoward consequences of habitual caffeine use are
considered in terms of two broad classes of deleterious effects: (a) the symptom
constellation known as‘caffeinism', and (b) a number of disease states in which
caffeine may be an etiological factor. In addition, a brief overview is provided
of recent attempts to assist heavy users to reduce caffeine intake to moderate
and pre...
Tension Reduction and the Effects of Prolonged Alcohol Consumption
Tập 77 Số 1 - Trang 65-73 - 1982
SummaryIt has been argued that the phenomenon of alcoholics experiencing mood
deterioration during a heavy drinking bout discredits the Tension Reduction
Hypothesis of alcohol consumption [6]. An experiment is described which sought
to illustrate two ways in which this phenomenon and the hypothesis are
compatible. Nine male alcoholics consumed 6gm of alcohol per kg bodyweight in 16
equal doses ove...
Individual differences in difficulty quitting smoking
Tập 86 Số 5 - Trang 555-558 - 1991
AbstractThis essay comments on the main approaches to studying individual
differences in ability to quit smoking, and suggests complementing them with a
concept of ‘difficulty of quitting’. Several areas of research into determinants
of ability to quit smoking are discussed, including measures of dependence,
reactivity to nicotine, severity of withdrawal symptoms, endurance of
discomfort, and psyc...