Wiley
0952-0481
2056-5178
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Các bài báo tiêu biểu
The Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence: a revision of the Fagerstrom Tolerance QuestionnaireAbstract We examine and refine the Fagerström Tolerance Questionnaire (FTQ; Fagerström, 1978). The relation between each FTQ item and biochemical measures of heaviness of smoking was examined in 254 smokers. We found that the nicotine rating item and the inhalation item were unrelated to any of our biochemical measures and these two items were primary contributors t... ...
Tập 86 Số 9 - Trang 1119-1127 - 1991
Recreational MDMA use in Sydney: a profile of ‘Ecstasy’ users and their experiences with the drugAbstract ‘Ecstasy’ (3,4‐methylenedioxymethampketamine or MDMA) is a recreational drug that is gaining popularity world wide. There is a paucity of research regarding the ways in which Ecstasy is used and the nature of its effects. A ‘snowball’ peer network technique was used to recruit 100 users who completed anonymous questionnaires. The research revealed that Ecst... ...
Tập 87 Số 8 - Trang 1161-1172 - 1992
Behavioural (non‐chemical) addictionsAbstract ‘Addiction’ denotes repetitive routines that aim to obtain chemicals and, less often, routines without that aim. The latter are behavioural addictions. They include obsessive‐compulsive disorder (OCD), compulsive spending (including gambling), overeating (bulimia), hypersexuality (straight or deviant), and kleptomania. Common across dependence syndromes is:... ...
Tập 85 Số 11 - Trang 1389-1394 - 1990
Exercise DependenceSummary Exercise can become a compulsive behaviour and harmful to an individual. This review proposes diagnostic criteria for ‘exercise dependence’ to facilitate recognition in Sports clinics and further research. The importance of diagnosing exercise dependence lies in the prevention of morbidity and rarely mortality if exercise is continued in the presence of illn... ...
Tập 82 Số 7 - Trang 735-740 - 1987
The Validity of the Short Alcohol Dependence Data (SADD) Questionnaire: a short self‐report questionnaire for the assessment of alcohol dependenceSummary The evidence for the unitary nature of alcohol dependence is discussed and the usefulness of existing instruments to measure dependence is reviewed. Three separate studies are presented that support the validity of SADD. Several measures of construct and concurrent validity are investigated including comparison with the SADQ and EADS. Attention is drawn to t... ...
Tập 81 Số 2 - Trang 217-222 - 1986
Patterns of Benzodiazepine Abuse and DependenceSummary Patterns of benzodiazepine abuse and dependence are not well known. Data on drug use and other demographic and clinical characteristics were collected in 176 patients consecutively referred to the Addiction Research Foundation Clinical Institute for assessment and treatment of benzodiazepine abuse and/or dependence. Objective confirmation of benzodiazepine u... ...
Tập 81 Số 1 - Trang 87-94 - 1986
Selective effects of alcohol on Wisconsin card sorting test performanceAbstract Social drinker volunteers were randomly assigned to the four cells of a balanced placebo design, with 10 males and 10 females per cell. They consumed a beverage which contained either tonic water only, or tonic water plus sufficient vodka to induce peak blood alcohol levels of approximately 0.05%. Subjects then completed a computer version of ... ...
Tập 86 Số 4 - Trang 399-407 - 1991
Caffeine: A Survey of Some of the Known and Suspected Deleterious Effects of Habitual UseSummary The potential untoward consequences of habitual caffeine use are considered in terms of two broad classes of deleterious effects: (a) the symptom constellation known as‘caffeinism', and (b) a number of disease states in which caffeine may be an etiological factor. In addition, a brief overview is provided of recent attempts to assist heavy users to reduce ca... ...
Tập 78 Số 3 - Trang 251-258 - 1983
Tension Reduction and the Effects of Prolonged Alcohol ConsumptionSummary It has been argued that the phenomenon of alcoholics experiencing mood deterioration during a heavy drinking bout discredits the Tension Reduction Hypothesis of alcohol consumption [6]. An experiment is described which sought to illustrate two ways in which this phenomenon and the hypothesis are compatible. Nine male alcoholics consumed 6gm of alcohol per kg... ...
Tập 77 Số 1 - Trang 65-73 - 1982
Individual differences in difficulty quitting smokingAbstract This essay comments on the main approaches to studying individual differences in ability to quit smoking, and suggests complementing them with a concept of ‘difficulty of quitting’. Several areas of research into determinants of ability to quit smoking are discussed, including measures of dependence, reactivity to nicotine, severity of withdrawal symptoms, ... ...
Tập 86 Số 5 - Trang 555-558 - 1991