Wiley
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“Lupinosis”‐Like lesions in mice caused by ustiloxin, produced by Ustilaginoieda virens: A morphological study
Wiley - Tập 2 Số 1 - Trang 22-28 - 1994
AbstractA crude toxin, obtained by methanol‐extraction of a water extract of
false smut balls (INA‐KOUJI in Japanese) caused by Ustilaginoidea virens on rice
panicles, was injected into mice intraperitoneally. Single injection of 100 or
200 mg/kg body weight of the extract was not lethal but caused acute, occasional
necrosis of hepatocytes and renal tubular cells, followed by increased number of
m...
Overview on community legislation in the field of official control of mycotoxins in feedingstuffs
Wiley - Tập 3 Số 4 - Trang 248-256 - 1995
AbstractThe Community legislation currently in force identifies a group of
substances whose presence in feedingstuffs is undesirable. For each one of these
substances, acceptable maximum levels have been fixed. The compliance with these
levels in feedingstuffs must be checked by Community sampling and analysis
methods. In the specific case of the aflatoxins, analytical methods, based on
thin‐layer...
Some reflections on establishing a community legislation on mycotoxins
Wiley - Tập 3 Số 4 - Trang 337-340 - 1995
AbstractA Community legislation on mycotoxins is essential to protect public
health and to avoid trade barriers and competition distortions. Maximum
permitted levels in food are to be fixed. Some orientations for this purpose are
indicated.The verification of the compliance with maximum permitted levels shall
need suitable analytical methods. Up to now, such methods were fixed by
directives. This ...
BCR‐ and M&T‐activities in the area of mycotoxin analysis in food and feedstuffs
Wiley - Tập 3 Số 4 - Trang 243-247 - 1995
AbstractIn order to avoid undesirable side effects such as high contents of
mycotoxins in food and feed, measurements at critical steps of the food and feed
production chain are performed. These measurements need to be accurate and
precise to satisfy these aims. The accuracy and precision requirements to
measurements form the basis of the Bureau Communautaire de Référence (BCR)‐and
Measurements an...
Selective chemisorption and detoxification of aflatoxins by phyllosilicate clay
Wiley - Tập 3 Số 4 - Trang 204-213 - 1995
AbstractPractical and effective strategies for the detoxification of aflatoxins
are critically needed. We have shown that a phyllosilicate clay (HSCAS): i)
tightly binds aflatoxins in aqueous solutions, including milk; ii) markedly
decreases the bioavailability of radiolabeled aflatoxins; iii) greatly
diminishes aflatoxicosis in young animals, i.e., rats, chickens, turkeys, lambs,
and pigs; and iv...
Worldwide regulations for mycotoxins in 1994
Wiley - Tập 3 Số 4 - Trang 332-336 - 1995
AbstractSince the discovery of the aflatoxins in the 1960s, regulations have
been established in many countries to protect the consumer from harmful effects
of mycotoxins that may contaminate foodstuffs. Various factors play a role in
the decision‐making process of setting limits for mycotoxins. These include
scientific factors such as availability of survey data, toxicological data,
analytical me...
Economic losses and decontamination
Wiley - Tập 3 Số 4 - Trang 199-203 - 1995
AbstractMycotoxin contamination of crops may cause economic losses at all levels
of food and feed production including crop and animal production, and crop
distribution and processing. The national economy would be affected adversely by
losses incurred by crop and livestock producers and the multiplier effect this
has on other industries as a result of the reduced spending power of producers.
Cost...
Brazilian baccharis toxins: Livestock poisoning and the isolation of macrocyclic trichothecene glucosides
Wiley - Tập 4 Số 2 - Trang 58-71 - 1996
AbstractSamples of the toxic Brazilian plant, Baccharis coridifolia, which is
reponsible for numerous cases of livestock poisoning in southern Brazil and
Argentina, were collected during the growing season, and the toxicities in
calves of the plant materials were correlated with the levels of macrocyclic
trichothecenes present. Female plants in flower were considerably more toxic
than male plants ...
Assessment of possible protective roles of selenium, zinc, and cis‐Stilbene oxide against acute T‐2 toxin poisoning: A preliminary report
Wiley - Tập 5 Số 4 - Trang 133-135 - 1997
AbstractThe efficacy of two free radical scavengers, selenium and zinc, and a
microsomal epoxide hydrolase–inducing agent, cis‐stilbene oxide on the acute
toxicity of T‐2 toxin, a potent cytotoxic trichothecene, was investigated. Mice
were pretreated daily for 3 consecutive days with either zinc sulfate (4.4
mg/kg, intraperitoneally [i.p.]), sodium selenite (1, 2, and 3 mg/kg i.p.) or
cis‐stilbene...
Apoptotic cellular damage in mice after T‐2 toxin‐induced acute toxicosis
Wiley - Tập 5 Số 4 - Trang 141-145 - 1997
AbstractBy histopathologic, electron microscopic, and immunochemical
observation, the mechanism of cellular death was investigated in thymus, spleen,
and liver of mice given intraperitoneally sublethal doses of T‐2 toxin, a
trichothecene mycotoxin. In the thymus and spleen of mice given 5.0 mg/kg body
weight of T‐2 toxin and killed 12 hours later, a massive cellular destruction
characterized by ch...
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