Tropical Medicine and International Health
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The magnitude of diabetes and its association with obesity in the slums of N airobi, K enya: results from a cross‐sectional survey
Tropical Medicine and International Health - Tập 18 Số 12 - Trang 1520-1530 - 2013
AbstractObjectivesTo assess the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of
diabetes and to examine the relationship of obesity with raised blood glucose in
the slums of Nairobi, Kenya.MethodsWe used data from a cross‐sectional
population‐based survey, conducted in 2008–2009, involving a random sample of
5190 (2794 men and 2396 women) adults aged ≥18 years living in two slums –
Korogocho and V...
Diagnostic performance and costs of Capilia TB for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex identification from broth‐based culture in Bangkok, Thailand
Tropical Medicine and International Health - Tập 14 Số 7 - Trang 748-753 - 2009
SummaryObjectives Broth‐based culture (BBC) systems are increasingly being used
to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) in resource‐limited. We
evaluated the performance, time to detection and cost of the Capilia TB
identification test from broth cultures positive for acid‐fast bacilli (AFB) in
Thailand.Methods From October–December 2007, broth cultures that grew AFB from
specimens s...
Prevention of malaria during pregnancy in West Africa: policy change and the power of subregional action
Tropical Medicine and International Health - Tập 11 Số 4 - Trang 462-469 - 2006
SummaryBackground Despite a broadening consensus about the effectiveness of
intermittent preventive treatment (IPTp) in preventing the adverse outcomes of
malaria during pregnancy, policy change to IPTp was initially limited to East
Africa. In West Africa, where the policy change process for the prevention of
malaria during pregnancy started much later, IPTp has been taken up
swiftly.Objective T...
The effect of health care worker training on the use of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in pregnancy in rural western Kenya
Tropical Medicine and International Health - Tập 12 Số 8 - Trang 953-961 - 2007
SummaryBackground In 1998, Kenya adopted intermittent preventive treatment
(IPTp) with sulphadoxine‐pyrimethamine (SP) for malaria prevention during
pregnancy. We conducted a survey in 2002 among women who had recently delivered
in the rural neighbouring areas Asembo and Gem and reported coverage of 19% of
at least one dose and 7% of two or more doses of SP. Health care workers (HCW)
in Asembo we...
Immunization against diseases caused by Theileria parva: a review
Tropical Medicine and International Health - Tập 4 Số 9 - 1999
Summary Theileria parva is the causative agent of three epidemiologically
different diseases, East Coast fever (ECF), Corridor disease and January
disease, caused by 3 types of T. parva, T. p. parva, T. p. lawrencei and T. p.
bovis, respectively. The history of immunization against these diseases has been
marked by salient discoveries such as the immune status in recovered animals,
the activity of...
Short communication: Dengue serotype 2 subtype III (‘Jamaica’) epidemic in Santa Cruz, Bolivia
Tropical Medicine and International Health - Tập 3 Số 11 - Trang 857-858 - 1998
Summary background During the past decade, dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever
(DHF) have become a public health problem in various Latin American countries.
Indications of increased dengue cases in the city of Santa Cruz, Bolivia, early
in 1997 were promptly investigated. methods We conducted a sample sero‐survey
in one district of the city. Levels of antidengue IgM were determined and
genetic...
Diagnostic accuracy of non‐specialist versus specialist health workers in diagnosing hearing loss and ear disease in Malawi
Tropical Medicine and International Health - Tập 24 Số 7 - Trang 817-828 - 2019
AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether a non‐specialist health worker can
accurately undertake audiometry and otoscopy, the essential clinical
examinations in a survey of hearing loss, instead of a highly skilled specialist
(i.e. ENT or audiologist).MethodsA clinic‐based diagnostic accuracy study was
conducted in Malawi. Consecutively sampled participants ≥ 18 years had their
hearing tested using a...
Prevalence and causes of hearing impairment in Africa
Tropical Medicine and International Health - Tập 21 Số 2 - Trang 158-165 - 2016
AbstractObjectiveTo systematically assess the data on the prevalence and causes
of hearing impairment in Africa.MethodsSystematic review on the prevalence and
causes of hearing loss in Africa. We undertook a literature search of seven
electronic databases (EMBASE, PubMed, Medline, Global Health, Web of Knowledge,
Academic Search Complete and Africa Wide Information) and manually searched
bibliogra...
In vitro antiplasmodial activity of Central American medicinal plants
Tropical Medicine and International Health - Tập 4 Số 9 - Trang 611-615 - 1999
Summary The in vitro antiplasmodial activities of 14 plant species traditionally
used in Central America for the treatment of malaria or fever were evaluated.
Lipophilic extracts of Piper hispidum, Siparuna andina, S. pauciflora, S.
tonduziana, and Xylopia cf. frutescens, proved to be active against both a
chloroquine‐sensitive and a resistant strain of Plasmodium falciparum. IC50
values ranged be...
Early determination of the reproductive number for vector‐borne diseases: the case of dengue in Brazil
Tropical Medicine and International Health - Tập 11 Số 3 - Trang 332-340 - 2006
SummaryObjective To evaluate a new method of deriving the reproductive number
for vector‐borne diseases from the early epidemic curves for vector‐borne
diseases with incubations in the vectors and in the hosts.Method We applied the
model to several dengue epidemics in different climatic regions of Brazil:
Brasilia, Belém, Fortaleza, Boa Vista.Results The new method leads to higher
estimates of the...
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