Anika Lehmann, Eva F. Leifheit, Maurice Gerdawischke, Matthias C. Rillig
AbstractMicroplastics are a diverse and ubiquitous contaminant, a global change
driver with potential to alter ecosystem properties and processes.
Microplastic-induced effects in soils are manifold as microplastics differ in a
variety of properties among which the shape is of special interest. Our
knowledge is limited regarding the impact of various microplastic shapes on soil
processes. Therefore... hiện toàn bộ
Leah M. Thornton Hampton, Susanne M. Brander, Scott Coffin, Matthew Cole, Ludovic Hermabessière, Albert A. Koelmans, Chelsea M. Rochman
AbstractThere is definitive evidence that microplastics, defined as plastic
particles less than 5 mm in size, are ubiquitous in the environment and can
cause harm to aquatic organisms. These findings have prompted legislators and
environmental regulators to seek out strategies for managing risk. However,
microplastics are also an incredibly diverse contaminant suite, comprising a
complex mixture o... hiện toàn bộ
AbstractThe global ubiquity and demonstrated toxicity of microplastics has led
governments around the world to express the need for a risk assessment on
microplastics. To conduct a risk assessment, scientists often draw upon
frameworks from other contaminants, however we argue that microplastics are a
unique pollutant and thus require a unique framework. Microplastics are a
multidimensional contam... hiện toàn bộ
Robin Lenz, Kristina Enders, Franziska Fischer, Josef Brandt, Dieter Fischer, Matthias Labrenz
AbstractThe treatment of samples for microplastic (MP) analysis requires
purification steps that sufficiently reduce the non-MP content while preserving
the targeted particles integrity. Besides their macromolecular structure this
also encompasses their in situ numbers and sizes. However, any step of sample
manipulation will come at a cost: particle loss, fragmentation, coagulation or
degradation ... hiện toàn bộ
AbstractAlthough a considerable knowledge base exists for environmental
contamination from nanoscale and colloidal particles, significant knowledge gaps
exist regarding the sources, transport, distribution, and effects of
microplastic pollution (plastic particles < 5 mm) in the environment. Even less
is known regarding nanoplastic pollution (generally considered to be plastic
particles < 1 μm). Du... hiện toàn bộ
Oskar Hagelskjær, A. Crézé, Gaël Le Roux, Jeroen E. Sonke
AbstractAs a direct result of laboratory sample manipulation required to
identify microplastics (MPs) within a given matrix, some MPs are inevitably
lost. The extent of this loss can be quite significant and varies greatly
depending on the sample matrix, choice of protocol and target MPs in question.
Defining analytical MP recovery is therefore a critical component in ensuring
the quality of MP pr... hiện toàn bộ
Luke Parker, Elena M. Höppener, Edward F. van Amelrooij, Sieger Henke, Ingeborg M. Kooter, Kalouda Grigoriadi, Merel G. A. Nooijens, Andrea M. Brunner, Arjen Boersma
AbstractMicro- and nanoplastics (MNP) are ubiquitous, but little is known about
the risks they pose to human health. Currently available data are of limited use
for developing relevant risk assessments due to poor quality control, the lack
of a standardised approach to particle characterisation and environmental
analysis, and the use of test materials that do not reflect those found in the
environ... hiện toàn bộ
Joana Marie Sipe, Jaleesia D. Amos, Robert F. Swarthout, Amalia Turner, Mark R. Wiesner, Christine Ogilvie Hendren
AbstractA majority of American adults report having used sex toys, which, by
design, interact with intimate and permeable body parts yet have not been
subject to sufficient risk assessment or management. Physical and chemical data
are presented examining potential risks associated with four types of currently
available sex toys: anal toy, beads, dual vibrator, and external vibrator. A
standardized... hiện toàn bộ
Yoshiaki Iwasaki, Kazutaka M. Takeshita, Ken–ichi Ueda, Wataru Naito
AbstractEstimation of a species sensitivity distribution (SSD) by fitting a
statistical distribution to ecotoxicity data is a promising approach to deriving
“safe” concentrations for microplastics. However, most existing SSDs do not
quantitatively consider the diverse characteristics of microplastics, such as
particle size and shape. To address this issue, based on 38 mass-based chronic
no observe... hiện toàn bộ
Camille Richon, Karin Kvale, Laurent Lebreton, Matthias Egger
AbstractScientific research over the past decade has demonstrated that plastic
in our oceans has detrimental consequences for marine life at all trophic
levels. As countries negotiate an international legally binding instrument on
plastic pollution, the focus is on eliminating plastic emissions to the
environment. Here, we argue that, while this endeavour is urgently needed to
limit the negative i... hiện toàn bộ