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Các không gian Besov $${{\mathbf B}^s_{p,q} ({\mathbb R}^n)}$$ với s > 0 có thể được chuẩn hóa dựa trên các độ chênh lệch $${\Delta^m_h f}$$ và các mô-đun liên quan đến độ mịn ω m (f, t) p , trong đó $${0 < s < m \in {\mathbb N}}$$. Bài báo này xem xét câu hỏi điều gì sẽ xảy ra nếu $${s {\uparrow} m}$$ và kết quả này liên quan tới các không gian Sobolev $${{\mathbf W}^m_p ({\mathbb R}^n)}$$.

Bacher and de la Harpe ( arxiv:1603.07943 , 2016) study conjugacy growth series of infinite permutation groups and their relationships with p(n), the partition function, and $$p(n)_\mathbf{e }$$ , a generalized partition function. They prove identities for the conjugacy growth series of the finitary symmetric group and the finitary alternating group. The group theory due to Bacher and de la Harpe ( arxiv:1603.07943 , 2016) also motivates an investigation into congruence relationships between the finitary symmetric group and the finitary alternating group. Using the Ramanujan congruences for the partition function p(n) and Atkin’s generalization to the k-colored partition function $$p_{k}(n)$$ , we prove the existence of congruence relations between these two series modulo arbitrary powers of 5 and 7, which we systematically describe. Furthermore, we prove that such relationships exist modulo powers of all primes $$\ell \ge 5$$ .