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The order of visual processing: Top-down, bottom-up, middle-out, or none of these?
Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 30 - Trang 255-257 - 2013
To investigate whether global or local visual information is processed first, several researchers have used a large letter (global information) made up of smaller letters (local information) and measured speed of response and interference effects between global and local components. Kinchla and Wolfe (1979) argued that processing was neither invariably top-down (global-to-local) nor bottom-up (loc......
More on modality effects and the lack of them in the absence of sound
Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 24 - Trang 372-374 - 2013
Following the work of Nairne and McNabb (1985), some previously unpublished data on recency and suffix effects in the visual and tactual modalities are presented. These data and the further analysis of some previously published data clarify the complicated picture of research in this area. The implications of the presence of a new “modality effect, ” involving the tactual and visual modalities, ar......
The role of video game playing in adolescent life: Is there reason to be concerned?
Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 22 - Trang 309-312 - 2013
One hundred fifty-one subjects from 10 to 20 years old were surveyed to determine their attitudes toward video game playing and its role in their lives. Concerns have been expressed in the public media that video game playing is addictive for youngsters and leads to excessive expenditures of time and money, poorer school performance, reduced involvement in sports, and less opportunity to develop s......
Anticholinergic drugs and open-field behavior in chickens
Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 26 - Trang 559-562 - 2013
The effects of scopolamine and atropine on the open-field behavior of Production Red and White Leghorn chickens were examined in order to evaluate the suggestion that the influence of these anticholinergic drugs on tonic immobility was mediated by their impact on emotionality. Significant strain differences in vocalization latency, number of vocalizations, and activity latency were observed. Both ......
Power as a function of communality in factor analysis
Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 17 - Trang 57-60 - 2013
It was recently reported that the likelihood ratio test (LRT) in unrestricted factor analysis “has considerable power even when the sample size is only 10.” Here it is shown that (1) the power of this LRT depends on the communalities (h2), (2) the average h2 in the simulation on which this conclusion was based far exceeds any found in French’s review of 20 years of factor-analytic work, and (3) fo......
Một cuộc đối đầu giữa các định hướng lý thuyết: Các đặc điểm nhu cầu và mô hình hấp dẫn Dịch bởi AI
Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 19 - Trang 93-96 - 2013
Một trăm bảy mươi lăm sinh viên nữ đã xem một video ghi hình một nữ diễn giả lạ mặt, người đã bày tỏ các ý kiến về những lĩnh vực thời sự có liên quan nhưng không giống với các chủ đề mà các đối tượng đã trả lời trong bảng câu hỏi về thái độ. Kết quả cho thấy cả những đối tượng được đánh giá là nhận thức và không nhận thức đều phản ứng tích cực hơn đối với nữ diễn giả và suy luận về những sở thích......
Information processing in the visual periphery
Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 1 - Trang 351-353 - 2013
The information processing capacity of the visual periphery was investigated in two experiments using stimuli of known relative information content. The results of Experiment I showed redundant patterns to be easiest to identify at all peripheral angles tested (5, 10, 20, and 30 deg) as compared to intermediate and nonredundant patterns. Performance on all patterns decreased as peripheral angle in......
Spatially located visual CS effects on conditioned avoidance shuttle response (CASR) acquisition in goldfish (Carassius auratus): Training over days
Springer Science and Business Media LLC - - 2013
Goldfish (Carassius auratus) were run for 4 days at 20 trials a day with either CS onset or CS offset conditions. In each condition, the CS was located on the same, the opposite, or both ends as the subject. Conditioned avoidance shuttle rate (CASR) was found to be a function of the magnitude of CS change for both CS onset and CS offset conditions, specifically from maximum to minimum CASR perform......
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