Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
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Gene duplication as a mechanism of genomic adaptation to a changing environmentA subject of extensive study in evolutionary theory has been the issue of how neutral, redundant copies can be maintained in the genome for long periods of time. Concurrently, examples of adaptive gene duplications to various environmental conditions in different species have been described. At this point, it is too early to tell whether or not a substantial fraction of gene copies have in... ... hiện toàn bộ
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences - Tập 279 Số 1749 - Trang 5048-5057 - 2012
Laetoli footprints reveal bipedal gait biomechanics different from those of modern humans and chimpanzeesBipedalism is a key adaptation that shaped human evolution, yet the timing and nature of its evolution remain unclear. Here we use new experimentally based approaches to investigate the locomotor mechanics preserved by the famous Pliocene hominin footprints from Laetoli, Tanzania. We conducted footprint formation experiments with habitually barefoot humans and with chimpanzees to quantitat... ... hiện toàn bộ
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences - Tập 283 Số 1836 - Trang 20160235 - 2016
Variable modes of inheritance of morphometrical traits in hybrids betweenDrosophila melanogasterandDrosophila simulans
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences - Tập 269 Số 1487 - Trang 127-135 - 2002
Flower colour adaptation in a mimetic orchidAlthough the tremendous variability in floral colour among angiosperms is often attributed to divergent selection by pollinators, it is usually difficult to preclude the possibility that floral colour shifts were driven by non-pollinator processes. Here, we examine the adaptive significance of flower colour inDisa ferruginea , a non-rewarding orchid that is though... ... hiện toàn bộ
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences - Tập 279 Số 1737 - Trang 2309-2313 - 2012
Weak conspecific feedbacks and exotic dominance in a species-rich savannahWhether dominance drives species loss can depend on the power of conspecific self-limitation as dominant populations expand; these limitations can stabilize competitive imbalances that might otherwise cause displacement. We quantify the relative strength of conspecific and heterospecific soil feedbacks in an exotic-dominated savannah, using greenhouse trials and field surveys to test wheth... ... hiện toàn bộ
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences - Tập 278 Số 1720 - Trang 2939-2945 - 2011
Extreme diel dissolved oxygen and carbon cycles in shallow vegetated lakes
A common perception in limnology is that shallow lakes are homogeneously mixed owing to their small water volume. However, this perception is largely gained by downscaling knowledge from large lakes to their smaller counterparts. Here we show that shallow vegetated lakes (less than 0.6 m), in fact, undergo recurring daytime stratification and nocturnal mixing accompanied by ex... ... hiện toàn bộ
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences - Tập 284 Số 1862 - Trang 20171427 - 2017
Pseudogenization of the tooth gene enamelysin (MMP20) in the common ancestor of extant baleen whalesWhales in the suborder Mysticeti are filter feeders that use baleen to sift zooplankton and small fish from ocean waters. Adult mysticetes lack teeth, although tooth buds are present in foetal stages. Cladistic analyses suggest that functional teeth were lost in the common ancestor of crown-group Mysticeti. DNA sequences for the tooth-specific genes, ameloblastin (AMBN... hiện toàn bộ
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences - Tập 278 Số 1708 - Trang 993-1002 - 2011
Genomic evidence for rod monochromacy in sloths and armadillos suggests early subterranean history for XenarthraRod monochromacy is a rare condition in vertebrates characterized by the absence of cone photoreceptor cells. The resulting phenotype is colourblindness and low acuity vision in dim-light and blindness in bright-light conditions. Early reports of xenarthrans (armadillos, sloths and anteaters) suggest that they are rod monochromats, but this has not been tested with genomic data. We searche... ... hiện toàn bộ
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences - Tập 282 Số 1800 - Trang 20142192 - 2015
Spectral shifts of mammalian ultraviolet-sensitive pigments (short wavelength-sensitive opsin 1) are associated with eye length and photic niche evolution
Retinal opsin photopigments initiate mammalian vision when stimulated by light. Most mammals possess a short wavelength-sensitive opsin 1 (SWS1) pigment that is primarily sensitive to either ultraviolet or violet light, leading to variation in colour perception across species. Despite knowledge of both ultraviolet- and violet-sensitive SWS1 classes in mammals for 25 years, the... ... hiện toàn bộ
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences - Tập 282 Số 1819 - Trang 20151817 - 2015
Phylogenomic datasets provide both precision and accuracy in estimating the timescale of placental mammal phylogenyThe fossil record suggests a rapid radiation of placental mammals following the Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) mass extinction 65 million years ago (Ma); nevertheless, molecular time estimates, while highly variable, are generally much older. Early molecular studies suffer from inadequate dating methods, reliance on the molecular clock, and simplistic and over-confident interpretations of the... ... hiện toàn bộ
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences - Tập 279 Số 1742 - Trang 3491-3500 - 2012
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