Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine

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Mass–spring–damper modelling of the human body to study running and hopping – an overview
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - Tập 225 Số 12 - Trang 1121-1135 - 2011
Ali Asadi Nikooyan, Amir A. Zadpoor
Several mass–spring–damper models have been developed to study the response of the human body to the collision with the ground during hopping, trotting, or running. The mass, spring, and damper elements represent the masses, stiffness properties, and damping properties of hard and soft tissues. The masses that models are composed of are connected to each other via springs and dampers. The present ... hiện toàn bộ
Strain distribution in the proximal human femoral metaphysis
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - Tập 223 Số 3 - Trang 273-288 - 2009
Luca Cristofolini, Mateusz Juszczyk, Fulvia Taddei, Marco Viceconti
There is significant interest in the stress—strain state in the proximal femoral metaphysis, because of its relevance for hip fractures and prosthetic replacements. The scope of this work was to provide a better understanding of the strain distribution, and of its correlation with the different directions of loading, and with bone quality. A total of 12 pairs of human femurs were instrumented with... hiện toàn bộ
The Role of the Quadriceps in Controlling Impulsive Forces around Heel Strike
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - Tập 204 Số 1 - Trang 21-28 - 1990
R J Jefferson, James J. Collins, Michael W. Whittle, Eric L. Radin, John O’Connor
The damaging effect of transient loads on joints has been observed in vitro and in vivo, and may be an aetiological factor in osteoarthrosis. The events around heel strike, when the velocity of the foot is brought rapidly to zero, may be a source of such loads in normal activity. By modifying the rate at which the limb descends to the ground, quadriceps action influences the magnitude of the heel ... hiện toàn bộ
Biological effects of clinically relevant wear particles from metal-on-metal hip prostheses
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - Tập 220 Số 2 - Trang 355-369 - 2006
C. E. Brown, John Fisher, Eileen Ingham
The problems of osteolysis and late aseptic loosening associated with ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) particles has lead to a renewed interest in metal-on-metal prostheses. Wear particles generated by modern Co-Cr-on-Co-Cr prostheses are nanometre in size (range: 10-120 nm; mean: about 40 nm), an order of magnitude smaller than the size of UHMWPE known to be critical for activati... hiện toàn bộ
Biological reactions to wear debris in total joint replacement
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - Tập 214 Số 1 - Trang 21-37 - 2000
Eileen Ingham, John Fisher
The vast majority of total hip prostheses currently implanted consist of a hard metal or ceramic femoral head articulating against an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) acetabular cup. Over the last 10 years, evidence has accumulated to show that these prostheses are prone to failure due to late aseptic loosening and few survive beyond 25 years. With an increasing need to implant hi... hiện toàn bộ
Metal-on-metal hip simulator study of increased wear particle surface area due to ‘severe’ patient activity
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - Tập 220 Số 2 - Trang 279-287 - 2006
John G. Bowsher, A. Hussain, Paul A. Williams, Julia C. Shelton
This study investigated changes in metal-on-metal (MOM) hip wear and wear particle characteristics arising from a more aggressive patient activity level compared with normal walking. The test hypothesis was that ‘severe’-gait conditions will change wear, wear particle sizes, and morphology owing to a decline in joint lubrication. Four carbon MOM hip bearings 40 mm high were subjected to normal-wal... hiện toàn bộ
Comparison of different methods for estimating muscle forces in human movement
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - Tập 226 Số 2 - Trang 103-112 - 2012
Yi‐Chung Lin, Tim W. Dorn, Anthony G. Schache, Marcus G. Pandy
The aim of this study was to compare muscle-force estimates derived for human locomotion using three different methods commonly reported in the literature: static optimisation (SO), computed muscle control (CMC) and neuromusculoskeletal tracking (NMT). In contrast with SO, CMC and NMT calculate muscle forces dynamically by including muscle activation dynamics. Furthermore, NMT utilises a time-depe... hiện toàn bộ
On the effect of dynamic flow conditions on blood microstructure investigated with optical shearing microscopy and rheometry
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - Tập 221 Số 8 - Trang 887-897 - 2007
Efstathios Kaliviotis, M. Yianneskis
Red blood cell (RBC) aggregation affects significantly the flow of blood at low shear rates. Increased RBC aggregation is associated with various pathological conditions; hence an accurate quantification and better understanding of the phenomenon is important. The present study aims to improve understanding of the effect of dynamic flow conditions on aggregate formation; whole blood samples from h... hiện toàn bộ
Stress analysis of glenoid component designs for shoulder arthroplasty
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - Tập 211 Số 6 - Trang 467-474 - 1997
Damien Lacroix, Peter M. Prendergast
Secure and lasting fixation of the glenoid component in total shoulder arthroplasty is difficult because there is an insufficient volume of strong bone in the scapula. Consequently, radio-lucencies of the glenoid component are common (much more common than radiolucencies of the humeral component). Early glenoid component designs were fabricated wholly from polyethylene, were fixated with PMMA ceme... hiện toàn bộ
Knee joint forces: prediction, measurement, and significance
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine - Tập 226 Số 2 - Trang 95-102 - 2012
Darryl D. D’Lima, Benjamin J. Fregly, Shantanu Patil, Nikolai Steklov, Clifford W. Colwell
Knee forces are highly significant in osteoarthritis and in the survival and function of knee arthroplasty. A large number of studies have attempted to estimate forces around the knee during various activities. Several approaches have been used to relate knee kinematics and external forces to internal joint contact forces, the most popular being inverse dynamics, forward dynamics, and static body ... hiện toàn bộ
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