Open Biology
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The ANGPTL3-4-8 model, a molecular mechanism for triglyceride trafficking
Open Biology - Tập 6 Số 4 - Trang 150272 - 2016
Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is a rate-limiting enzyme for hydrolysing circulating
triglycerides (TG) into free fatty acids that are taken up by peripheral
tissues. Postprandial LPL activity rises in white adipose tissue (WAT), but
declines in the heart and skeletal muscle, thereby directing circulating TG to
WAT for storage; the reverse is true during fasting. However, the mechanism for
the tissue-sp...
Hypoxia-induced invadopodia formation: a role for β-PIX
Open Biology - Tập 3 Số 6 - Trang 120159 - 2013
During tumour progression, oxygen tension in the microenvironment surrounding
tumour cells is reduced, resulting in hypoxia. It is well established that
cancer cells resist the negative effects of hypoxia by inducing angiogenesis
predominantly via the activity of transcription factor hypoxia-inducible
factor-1 (HIF-1). However, more recently HIF-1α has also been linked to
increased invasive potent...
Cancer drug pan-resistance: pumps, cancer stem cells, quiescence, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, blocked cell death pathways, persisters or what?
Open Biology - Tập 2 Số 5 - Trang 120066 - 2012
Although chemotherapy of tumours has scored successes, drug resistance remains
the major cause of death of cancer patients. Initial treatment often leaves
residual disease, from which the tumour regrows. Eventually, most tumours become
resistant to all available chemotherapy. I call this pan-resistance to
distinguish it from multi-drug resistance, usually describing resistance caused
by upregulati...
Cellular responses to a prolonged delay in mitosis are determined by a DNA damage response controlled by Bcl-2 family proteins
Open Biology - Tập 5 Số 3 - Trang 140156 - 2015
Anti-cancer drugs that disrupt mitosis inhibit cell proliferation and induce
apoptosis, although the mechanisms of these responses are poorly understood.
Here, we characterize a mitotic stress response that determines cell fate in
response to microtubule poisons. We show that mitotic arrest induced by these
drugs produces a temporally controlled DNA damage response (DDR) characterized
by the caspa...
Evolutionary origins of taste buds: phylogenetic analysis of purinergic neurotransmission in epithelial chemosensors
Open Biology - Tập 3 Số 3 - Trang 130015 - 2013
Taste buds are gustatory endorgans which use an uncommon purinergic signalling
system to transmit information to afferent gustatory nerve fibres. In mammals,
ATP is a crucial neurotransmitter released by the taste cells to activate the
afferent nerve fibres. Taste buds in mammals display a characteristic, highly
specific ecto-ATPase (NTPDase2) activity, suggesting a role in inactivation of
the neu...
RETRACTED: Long non-coding RNA LINC00152 promotes gallbladder cancer metastasis and epithelial–mesenchymal transition by regulating HIF-1α via miR-138
Open Biology - Tập 7 Số 1 - 2017
Long non-coding RNA LINC00152 had been reported as an oncogene in gastric and
hepatocellular cancer. In this study, we show that LINC00152 is overexpressed in
gallbladder cancer (GBC) tissue samples and cell lines. The high LINC00152
levels correlated negatively with the overall survival time in GBC patients.
Functionally, LINC00152 dramatically promoted cell migration, invasion and
epithelial–mes...
Heterotrimeric G protein signalling in the plant kingdom
Open Biology - Tập 3 Số 3 - Trang 120186 - 2013
In animals, heterotrimeric G proteins, comprising α-, β-and γ-subunits, perceive
extracellular stimuli through cell surface receptors, and transmit signals to
ion channels, enzymes and other effector proteins to affect numerous cellular
behaviours. In plants, G proteins have structural similarities to the
corresponding molecules in animals but transmit signals by atypical mechanisms
and effector p...
Targeting BCL-2 regulated apoptosis in cancer
Open Biology - Tập 8 Số 5 - Trang 180002 - 2018
The ability of a cell to undergo mitochondrial apoptosis is governed by pro- and
anti-apoptotic members of the BCL-2 protein family. The equilibrium of pro-
versus anti-apoptotic BCL-2 proteins ensures appropriate regulation of
programmed cell death during development and maintains organismal health. When
unbalanced, the BCL-2 family can act as a barrier to apoptosis and facilitate
tumour developm...
A toolkit enabling efficient, scalable and reproducible gene tagging in trypanosomatids
Open Biology - Tập 5 Số 1 - Trang 140197 - 2015
One of the first steps in understanding a protein's function is to determine its
localization; however, the methods for localizing proteins in some systems have
not kept pace with the developments in other fields, creating a bottleneck in
the analysis of the large datasets that are generated in the post-genomic era.
To address this, we developed tools for tagging proteins in trypanosomatids. We
ma...
Anion homeostasis is important for non-lytic release of BK polyomavirus from infected cells
Open Biology - Tập 5 Số 8 - Trang 150041 - 2015
BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) is a member of a family of potentially oncogenic
viruses, whose reactivation can cause severe pathological conditions in
transplant patients, leading to graft rejection. As with many non-enveloped
viruses, it is assumed that virus release occurs through lysis of the host cell.
We now show the first evidence for a non-lytic release pathway for BKPyV and
that this pathway can...
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