Natural Language Semantics
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Choice and prohibition in non-monotonic contexts
Natural Language Semantics - Tập 28 - Trang 141-174 - 2020
Disjunctions in the scope of possibility modals give rise to a conjunctive inference, generally referred to as ‘free choice.’ For example, Emma can take Spanish or Calculus suggests that Emma can take Spanish and can take Calculus. This inference is not valid on standard semantics for modals in combination with a Boolean semantics for disjunction. Hence free choice has sparked a whole industry of ......
Perception, selection, and structural economy
Natural Language Semantics - Tập 2 - Trang 47-70 - 1993
In this essay I will explore the syntactic expression of the notion ‘clause’ by focusing on some syntactic and semantic properties of bare infinitive (BI) complements to perception verbs in English. I shall argue briefly that perception BI complements must be clausal, and then turn in more detail to the issue of what sort of clause the BI complement must be. It will be established that the categor......
The Proviso Problem: a note
Natural Language Semantics - Tập 19 - Trang 395-422 - 2011
Several theories of presupposition projection predict that some sentences which intuitively yield unconditional presuppositions should have weaker, conditional ones. For instance, If John is realistic, he knows that he is incompetent is predicted to have the presupposition that if John is realistic, he is incompetent, whereas one certainly infers that John is in fact incompetent. We summarize some......
A note on contrast
Natural Language Semantics - Tập 21 - Trang 333-343 - 2013
The semantics of association with focus and the pragmatic conditions governing the appropriateness of focus in discourse are usually taken to depend on focus alternatives. According to a common view, these alternatives are generated by a permissive process. This permissive view has been challenged by Michael Wagner, who has noted that certain alternatives are systematically excluded from considera......
The semantic ingredients of imperfectivity in progressives, habituals, and counterfactuals
Natural Language Semantics - Tập 24 - Trang 353-397 - 2016
This paper develops a unified analysis for the meaning of imperfective aspect that covers progressives, habituals, and counterfactuals, aiming at an understanding of two crosslinguistically frequent syncretisms: one between progressives and habituals, and one between habituals and counterfactuals. I first discuss progressive and habitual readings in detail, identifying mereological, temporal, and ......
Always and Only: Why Not All Focus-Sensitive Operators Are Alike
Natural Language Semantics - Tập 11 - Trang 323-362 - 2003
We discuss focus sensitivity in English, the phenomenon whereby interpretation of some expressions is affected by placement of intonational focus. We concentrate in particular on the interpretation of always and only, both of which are interpreted as universal quantifiers, and both of which are focus sensitive. Using both naturally occurring and constructed data we explore the interaction of these......
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