Functional Roles of Fatty Acids and Their Effects on Human Health Tập 39 Số 1S - 2015
Philip C. Calder
A variety of fatty acids exists in the diet of humans, in the bloodstream of humans, and in cells and tissues of humans. Fatty acids are energy sources and membrane constituents. They have biological activities that act to influence cell and tissue metabolism, function, and responsiveness to hormonal and other signals. The biological activities may be grouped as regulation of membrane stru...... hiện toàn bộ
Lean Tissue Imaging Tập 38 Số 8 - Trang 940-953 - 2014
Carla M. Prado, Steven B. Heymsfield
Body composition refers to the amount of fat and lean tissues in our body; it is a science that looks beyond a unit of body weight, accounting for the proportion of different tissues and its relationship to health. Although body weight and body mass index are well‐known indexes of health status, most researchers agree that they are rather inaccurate measures, especially for elderly individ...... hiện toàn bộ
The Surgically Induced Stress Response Tập 37 Số 5S - 2013
Celeste C. Finnerty, Nigel Tapiwa Mabvuure, Arham Ali, Rosemary A. Kozar, David N. Herndon
The stress response to surgery, critical illness, trauma, and burns encompasses derangements of metabolic and physiological processes that induce perturbations in the inflammatory, acute phase, hormonal, and genomic responses. Hypermetabolism and hypercatabolism result, leading to muscle wasting, impaired immune function and wound healing, organ failure, and death. The surgery‐induced stre...... hiện toàn bộ
ASPEN Safe Practices for Enteral Nutrition Therapy Tập 41 Số 1 - Trang 15-103 - 2017
Joseph I. Boullata, Amy Long Carrera, Lillian P. Harvey, Arlene A. Escuro, Lauren Hudson, Andrew Mays, Carol McGinnis, Jacqueline Wessel, Sarita Bajpai, Mara Lee Beebe, T. Kinn, Mark Klang, Linda M. Lord, Karen Martin, Cecelia Pompeii‐Wolfe, Jackie Sullivan, Abby Wood, Ainsley Malone, Peggi Guenter
Enteral nutrition (EN) is a valuable clinical intervention for patients of all ages in a variety of care settings. Along with its many outcome benefits come the potential for adverse effects. These safety issues are the result of clinical complications and of process‐related errors. The latter can occur at any step from patient assessment, prescribing, and order review, to product selectio...... hiện toàn bộ
Differential Effects of Three Enteral Dietary Regimens on Selected Outcome Variables in Burn Patients Tập 14 Số 3 - Trang 225-236 - 1990
Michele M. Gottschlich, Marilyn Jenkins, Glenn D. Warden, Theresa Baumer, Pamela Havens, Jean T. Snook, J. Wesley Alexander
A modular tube feeding recipe (MTF) was designed to meet the unique nutritional needs of burn patients, applying principles previously documented in our burned guinea pig model. MTF, a high‐protein, low‐fat, linoleic acid‐restricted formulation is enriched with omega‐3 fatty acids, arginine, cysteine, histidine, vitamin A, zinc, and ascorbic acid. Fifty patients, 3 to 76 years of age with ...... hiện toàn bộ
Complications Occurring during Enteral Nutrition Support: A Prospective Study Tập 7 Số 6 - Trang 546-552 - 1983
Emma L. Cataldi‐Betcher, Murray H. Seltzer, Bernadette A. Slocum, Kenneth W. Jones
A review of 253 patients treated with enteral nutrition support via tube feedings is presented for the purpose of evaluating the incidence of complications. Thirty patients, (11.7%) experienced either gastrointestinal, (6.2%) mechanical (3.5%), or metabolic (2.0%) complications. The recognition and treatment of such complications are discussed and it is concluded that tube feedings are saf...... hiện toàn bộ
Serum Levels of Interleukin‐6 and C‐Reactive Protein Correlate With Body Mass Index Across the Broad Range of Obesity Tập 28 Số 6 - Trang 410-415 - 2004
Lalita Khaodhiar, Pei‐Ra Ling, George L. Blackburn, Bruce R. Bistrian
Background: It has been noted that elevated inflammatory markers, such as tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF), soluble TNF receptor II (sTNF‐RII), interleukin 6 (IL‐6) and C‐reactive protein (CRP), are characteristically found in the serum in obese patients. In this study, we examined the correlation of these markers with BMI in nonobese, obese, and morbidly obese indi...... hiện toàn bộ
Immunonutrition in High‐Risk Surgical Patients Tập 34 Số 4 - Trang 378-386 - 2010
Paul E. Marik, Gary P. Zaloga
Background: Immunomodulating diets (IMDs) have been demonstrated to improve immune function and modulate inflammation. However, the clinical benefit of these diets in patients undergoing elective surgery is controversial. The goal of this meta‐analysis was to determine the impact of IMDs on the clinical outcomes of high‐risk patients undergoing elective surgery. ...... hiện toàn bộ