Journal of High Energy Physics

Using the background-field method we demonstrate the Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin (BRST) structure of counterterms in a broad class of gauge theories. Put simply, we show that gauge invariance is preserved by renormalization in local gauge field theories whenever they admit a sensible background-field formulation and anomaly-free path integral measure. This class encompasses Yang-Mills theories (with possibly Abelian subgroups) and relativistic gravity, including both renormalizable and non-renormalizable (effective) theories. Our results also hold for non-relativistic models such as Yang-Mills theories with anisotropic scaling or Hořava gravity. They strengthen and generalize the existing results in the literature concerning the renormalization of gauge systems. Locality of the BRST construction is emphasized throughout the derivation. We illustrate our general approach with several explicit examples.

We show that the radion in a warped geometry bounded by two branes can have a potential suitable for inflation. Our construction is based upon a solution known in string theory as the linear dilaton, in which the back-reaction from a bulk scalar Φ is exactly accounted for. The radion, stabilized by Φ, is much heavier than the TeV scale and its couplings to the standard model are much more suppressed than in the usual Randall-Sundrum solution. We present a new formalism for obtaining approximate time-dependent solutions, based on perturbing the exact solution to the coupled Einstein and scalar field equations in the bulk. It allows the radion potential to be computed directly in terms of the brane potentials for Φ. We show that simple exponential potentials on the branes can lead to a 4D radion potential with a flattened hilltop form, yielding inflation with a spectral index of typically n s = 0.96 and no higher than 0.99. With more complicated brane potentials, the descent from the hilltop can be a linear potential, giving a tensor-to-scalar ratio as large as r = 0.07 with n s = 0.974. The couplings of the radion to the standard model particles are dictated by general covariance, so the details of reheating are explicitly calculable, leading to a reheat temperature of at least 107 GeV. The quantum corrections to the inflaton potential from its couplings to matter are also calculable and are shown to be small, so that the prediction for the shape of the potential is under theoretical control, even with superPlanckian field excursions.

The presence of new neutrino-quark interactions can enhance, deplete or distort the coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEνNS) event rate. The new interactions may involve CP violating phases that can potentially affect these features. Assuming light vector mediators, we study the effects of CP violation on the CEνNS process in the COHERENT sodium-iodine, liquid argon and germanium detectors. We identify a region in parameter space for which the event rate always involves a dip and another one for which this is never the case. We show that the presence of a dip in the event rate spectrum can be used to constraint CP violating effects, in such a way that the larger the detector volume the tighter the constraints. Furthermore, it allows the reconstruction of the effective coupling responsible for the signal with an uncertainty determined by recoil energy resolution. In the region where no dip is present, we find that CP violating parameters can mimic the Standard Model CEνNS prediction or spectra induced by real parameters. We point out that the interpretation of CEνNS data in terms of a light vector mediator should take into account possible CP violating effects. Finally, we stress that our results are qualitatively applicable for CEνNS induced by solar or reactor neutrinos. Thus, the CP violating effects discussed here and their consequences should be taken into account as well in the analysis of data from multi-ton dark matter detectors or experiments such as CONUS, ν-cleus or CONNIE.

Chúng tôi xem xét lại hành động thể hiện tính đối xứng U SL(5) được xây dựng bởi Berman và Perry trong một không-thời gian mở rộng. Khi chọn một nghiệm bốn chiều cho điều kiện ràng buộc của phần, lý thuyết giảm xuống một phiên bản bốn chiều của siêu hấp dẫn mười một chiều. Trong bài báo này, chúng tôi chỉ ra rằng lý thuyết chứa đựng nhiều hơn sự giảm bớt lý thuyết M. Điều kiện phần cũng cho phép một nghiệm ba chiều không tương đương SL(5), từ đó hành động trực tiếp giảm xuống một phiên bản ba chiều của siêu hấp dẫn loại IIB. Chúng tôi cũng thảo luận về sự giảm xuống siêu hấp dẫn IIB∗.

In several contexts, supersymmetry can be reformulated in terms of calibrations, namely forms whose integrals measure minimal energies. It has been conjectured that this should be possible in general. For type II supergravity, we present a new system of equations which realizes this expectation. Besides the customary D-brane calibrations, it also includes NS5-brane and KK5-monopole calibrations. It is equivalent to supersymmetry under the assumption that the Killing vector associated to supersymmetry is timelike. No assumption is made on a factorization of spacetime. We also obtain a version of the system which is manifestly S-invariant and we present an application to near-horizon backgrounds. Using calibration, a definition of central charges in purely gravitational terms is given.

Production cross sections of muons from semi-leptonic decays of charm and beauty hadrons were measured at forward rapidity (2.5 < y < 4) in proton-proton (pp) collisions at a centre-of-mass energy $$ \sqrt{s} $$ s = 5.02 TeV with the ALICE detector at the CERN LHC. The results were obtained in an extended transverse momentum interval, 2 < p _T < 20 GeV/c, and with an improved precision compared to previous measurements performed in the same rapidity interval at centre-of-mass energies $$ \sqrt{s} $$ s = 2.76 and 7 TeV. The p _T- and y-differential production cross sections as well as the p _T-differential production cross section ratios between different centre-of-mass energies and different rapidity intervals are described, within experimental and theoretical uncertainties, by predictions based on perturbative QCD.

It was recently shown that multi-point conformal blocks in higher dimensional conformal field theory can be considered as joint eigenfunctions for a system of commuting differential operators. The latter arise as Hamiltonians of a Gaudin integrable system. In this work we address the reduced fourth order differential operators that measure the choice of 3-point tensor structures for all vertices of 3- and 4-dimensional comb channel conformal blocks. These vertices come associated with a single cross ratio. Remarkably, we identify the vertex operators as Hamiltonians of a crystallographic elliptic Calogero-Moser-Sutherland model that was discovered originally by Etingof, Felder, Ma and Veselov. Our construction is based on a further development of the embedding space formalism for mixed-symmetry tensor fields. The results thereby also apply to comb channel vertices of 5- and 6-point functions in arbitrary dimension.

The asymmetric dark matter (ADM) scenario can solve the coincidence problem between the baryon and the dark matter (DM) abundance when the DM mass is of $$ \mathcal{O} $$(1) GeV. In the ADM scenarios, composite dark matter is particularly motivated, as it can naturally provide the DM mass in the $$ \mathcal{O} $$(1) GeV range and a large annihilation cross section simultaneously. In this paper, we discuss the indirect detection constraints on the composite ADM model. The portal operators connecting the B − L asymmetries in the dark and the Standard Model(SM) sectors are assumed to be generated in association with the seesaw mechanism. In this model, composite dark matter inevitably obtains a tiny Majorana mass which induces a pair-annihilation of ADM at late times. We show that the model can be efficiently tested by the searches for the γ-ray from the dwarf spheroidal galaxies and the interstellar electron/positron flux.