Journal of Experimental Biology

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Structural colouration of avian skin: convergent evolution of coherently scattering dermal collagen arrays
Journal of Experimental Biology - Tập 206 Số 14 - Trang 2409-2429 - 2003
Richard O. Prum, Rodolfo H. Torres
SUMMARYStructural colours of avian skin have long been hypothesized to be produced by incoherent (Rayleigh/Tyndall) scattering. We investigated the colour,anatomy, nanostructure and biophysics of structurally coloured skin,ramphotheca and podotheca from 31 species of birds from 17 families in 10 orders from across Aves. Integumentary structural colours of birds inc...... hiện toàn bộ
Proteolytic Activity of the Midgut in Relation to Feeding in the Beetles Tenebrio Molitor L. and Dytiscus Marginalis L.
Journal of Experimental Biology - Tập 33 Số 2 - Trang 311-324 - 1956
R. H. Dadd
ABSTRACT Where quantitative methods have been applied to the study of insect digestion, enzyme activity has generally been shown to increase after feeding, often with change in location of maximum enzyme concentration (Schlöttke, 1937 Or-c ; Duspiva, 1939; Day & Powning, 1949; Fisk & Shambaugh, 1952). The most marked responses described by th...... hiện toàn bộ
The Effects of Increased Protein Intake on Kidney Size and Function
Journal of Experimental Biology - Tập 201 Số 13 - Trang 2081-2090 - 1998
Kimberly A. Hammond, Donald N. Janes
ABSTRACT In endothermic vertebrates, long-term increases in metabolic energy demand are often associated with increases in food intake and accompanied by increases in organ mass. Wide-scale increases in organ mass have often been attributed to a metabolic response to increased energy intake and utilization. On a constant diet, however, increased food...... hiện toàn bộ
Scaling of atp-supplying enzymes, myofibrillar proteins and buffering capacity in fish muscle: Relationship to locomotory habit
Journal of Experimental Biology - Tập 149 Số 1 - Trang 319-333 - 1990
George N. Somero, James J. Childress
ABSTRACT Pelagic fishes with an ability to swim in strong bursts have previously been shown to have large size-dependent increases (positive allometric scaling exponents) in the activities of glycolytic enzymes in white skeletal muscle. This scaling of glycolytic activity has been hypothesized to provide the anaerobic power supporting the size-indepe...... hiện toàn bộ
The origin of allometric scaling laws in biology from genomes to ecosystems: towards a quantitative unifying theory of biological structure and organization
Journal of Experimental Biology - Tập 208 Số 9 - Trang 1575-1592 - 2005
Geoffrey B. West, James H. Brown
SUMMARYLife is the most complex physical phenomenon in the Universe, manifesting an extraordinary diversity of form and function over an enormous scale from the largest animals and plants to the smallest microbes and subcellular units. Despite this many of its most fundamental and complex phenomena scale with size in a surprisingly simple fashion. For example, meta...... hiện toàn bộ
Allometric scaling in centrarchid fish: origins of intra- and inter-specific variation in oxidative and glycolytic enzyme levels in muscle
Journal of Experimental Biology - Tập 210 Số 21 - Trang 3798-3804 - 2007
Rhiannon Davies, Christopher D. Moyes
SUMMARYThe influence of body size on metabolic rate, muscle enzyme activities and the underlying patterns of mRNA for these enzymes were explored in an effort to explain the genetic basis of allometric variation in metabolic enzymes. We studied two pairs of sister species of centrarchid fish: black bass(largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides and smallmouth bass Micr...... hiện toàn bộ
Maintenance of Neutral Buoyancy by Depth Selection in the Loggerhead Turtle Caretta Caretta
Journal of Experimental Biology - Tập 203 Số 19 - Trang 2967-2975 - 2000
Shingo Minamikawa, Yasuhiko Naito, Katsufumi Sato, Yoshimasa Matsuzawa, Takeharu Bando, Wataru Sakamoto
ABSTRACT Time-series data of swimming speed and dive depth were recorded in six female loggerhead turtles Caretta caretta during the internesting period. The dive profiles of all animals indicated that they stayed at particular depths without swimming and that these depths were correlated with dive duration. These results support the hypothesis that ...... hiện toàn bộ
Differential expression of gill Na+,K+-ATPaseα- and β-subunits, Na+,K+,2Cl-cotransporter and CFTR anion channel in juvenile anadromous and landlocked Atlantic salmonSalmo salar
Journal of Experimental Biology - Tập 210 Số 16 - Trang 2885-2896 - 2007
Tom Ole Nilsen, Lars O.E. Ebbesson, Steffen S. Madsen, S. D. McCormick, Eva Andersson, Björn Thrándur Björnsson, Patrick Prunet, Sigurd O. Stefansson
SUMMARYThis study examines changes in gill Na+,K+-ATPase(NKA) α- and β-subunit isoforms,Na+,K+,2Cl- cotransporter (NKCC) and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR I and II) in anadromous and landlocked strains of Atlantic salmon during parr-smolt transformation, and after seawater (SW) transfer in May/June. Gill NKA activity increased from Febru...... hiện toàn bộ
Time course of osmoregulatory and metabolic changes during osmotic acclimation in Sparus auratus
Journal of Experimental Biology - Tập 208 Số 22 - Trang 4291-4304 - 2005
Susana Sangiao‐Alvarellos, Francisco J. Arjona, M.P. Martı́n del Rı́o, Jesús M. Míguez, Juan Miguel Mancera, José L. Soengas
SUMMARY Changes in different osmoregulatory and metabolic parameters over time were assessed in gills, kidney, liver and brain of gilthead sea bream Sparus auratus transferred either from seawater (SW, 38 p.p.t.) to hypersaline water (HSW, 55 p.p.t.) or from SW to low salinity water (LSW, 6 p.p.t.) for 14 days. Changes displayed by osmoregulatory par...... hiện toàn bộ
Variation in salinity tolerance, gill Na+/K+-ATPase,Na+/K+/2Cl– cotransporter and mitochondria-rich cell distribution in three salmonids Salvelinus namaycush, Salvelinus fontinalis and Salmo salar
Journal of Experimental Biology - Tập 210 Số 6 - Trang 1015-1024 - 2007
Junya Hiroi, Stephen D. McCormick
SUMMARY We compared seawater tolerance, gill Na+/K+-ATPase and Na+/K+/2Cl– cotransporter (NKCC)abundance, and mitochondria-rich cell (MRC) morphology of three salmonids,lake trout Salvelinus namaycush, brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis and Atlantic salmon Salmo salar. They were transferred directly from 0 p.p.t. (parts per thousand; freshwater) to 30...... hiện toàn bộ
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