Journal of Climate
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The Early 1990s Change in ENSO–PSA–SAM Relationships and Its Impact on Southern Hemisphere Climate
Journal of Climate - Tập 28 Số 23 - Trang 9393-9408 - 2015
Abstract This study uncovers an early 1990s change in the relationships between
El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and two leading modes of the Southern
Hemisphere (SH) atmospheric variability: the southern annular mode (SAM) and the
Pacific–South American (PSA) pattern. During austral spring, while the PSA
maintained a strong correlation with ENSO throughout the period 1948–2014, the
SAM–ENSO co...
A New Method for Temperature Spatial Interpolation Based on Sparse Historical Stations
Journal of Climate - Tập 31 Số 5 - Trang 1757-1770 - 2018
Long-term grid historical temperature datasets are the foundation of climate
change research. Datasets developed by traditional interpolation methods usually
contain data for a period of less than 50 yr, with a relatively low spatial
resolution owing to the sparse distribution of stations in the historical
period. In this study, the point interpolation based on Biased Sentinel
Hospitals Areal Dise...
Large-Scale Dynamics of the Meiyu-Baiu Rainband: Environmental Forcing by the Westerly Jet*
Journal of Climate - Tập 23 Số 1 - Trang 113-134 - 2010
Abstract Meiyu-baiu is the major rainy season from central China to Japan
brought by a zonally elongated rainband from June to mid-July. Large-scale
characteristics and environmental forcing of this important phenomenon are
investigated based on a reanalysis dataset. The meiyu-baiu rainband is
accompanied by a trough of sea level pressure, horizontal shears, and sharp
moisture gradients near the s...
Northern Westerlies during the Last Glacial Maximum: Results from CMIP5 Simulations
Journal of Climate - Tập 31 Số 3 - Trang 1135-1153 - 2018
Abstract Based upon simulations from phase 5 of the Coupled Model
Intercomparison Project (CMIP5), the vertical and regional characteristics of
the northern westerlies during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) are investigated
in this study. At the Northern Hemispheric scale, all nine available models
simulate a poleward shift of the 200-hPa jet, and eight models simulate an
equatorward shift of the 8...
Multisource Estimation of Long-Term Terrestrial Water Budget for Major Global River Basins
Journal of Climate - Tập 25 Số 9 - Trang 3191-3206 - 2012
A systematic method is proposed to optimally combine estimates of the
terrestrial water budget from different data sources and to enforce the water
balance constraint using data assimilation techniques. The method is applied to
create global long-term records of the terrestrial water budget by merging a
number of global datasets including in situ observations, remote sensing
retrievals, land surfa...
Long-Range Niño-3.4 Predictions Using Pairwise Dynamic Combinations of Multiple Models
Journal of Climate - Tập 22 Số 3 - Trang 793-805 - 2009
Abstract The interest in climate prediction has seen a rise in the number of
modeling alternatives in recent years. One way to reduce the predictive
uncertainty from any such modeling procedure is to combine or average the
modeled outputs. Multiple model results can be combined such that the
combination weights may either be static or vary over time. This research
develops a methodology for combin...
Global Sea Surface Temperature Forecasts Using an Improved Multimodel Approach
Journal of Climate - Tập 27 Số 10 - Trang 3505-3515 - 2014
AbstractWith the availability of hindcasts or real-time forecasts from a number
of coupled climate models, multimodel ensemble forecasting systems have gained
popularity in recent years. However, many models share similar physics or
modeling processes, which may lead to similar (or strongly correlated)
forecasts. Assigning equal weights to each model in space and time may result in
a biased foreca...
Global Sea Surface Temperature Forecasts Using a Pairwise Dynamic Combination Approach
Journal of Climate - Tập 24 Số 7 - Trang 1869-1877 - 2011
Abstract This paper dynamically combined three multivariate forecasts where
spatially and temporally variant combination weights are estimated using a
nearest-neighbor approach. The case study presented combines forecasts from
three climate models for the period 1958–2001. The variables of interest here
are the monthly global sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) at a 5° × 5°
latitude–longitude...
The Effect of Diurnal Sea Surface Temperature Warming on Climatological Air–Sea Fluxes
Journal of Climate - Tập 26 Số 8 - Trang 2546-2556 - 2013
Abstract Diurnal sea surface warming affects the fluxes of latent heat, sensible
heat, and upwelling longwave radiation. Diurnal warming most typically reaches
maximum values of 3°C, although very localized events may reach 7°–8°C. An
analysis of multiple years of diurnal warming over the global ice-free oceans
indicates that heat fluxes determined by using the predawn sea surface
temperature can ...
Precipitation over Monsoon Asia: A Comparison of Reanalyses and Observations
Journal of Climate - Tập 30 Số 2 - Trang 465-476 - 2017
AbstractReanalysis products represent a valuable source of information for
different impact modeling and monitoring activities over regions with sparse
observational data. It is therefore essential to evaluate their behavior and
their intrinsic uncertainties. This study focuses on precipitation over monsoon
Asia, a key agricultural region of the world. Four reanalysis datasets are
evaluated, namel...
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