Journal of Biomechanical Engineering
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A Proposed Injury Threshold for Mild Traumatic Brain InjuryTraumatic brain injuries constitute a significant portion of injury resulting from automotive collisions, motorcycle crashes, and sports collisions. Brain injuries not only represent a serious trauma for those involved but also place an enormous burden on society, often exacting a heavy economical, social, and emotional price. Development of intervention strategies to prevent or minimize t... ... hiện toàn bộ
Journal of Biomechanical Engineering - Tập 126 Số 2 - Trang 226-236 - 2004
The Mechanics of Traumatic Brain Injury: A Review of What We Know and What We Need to Know for Reducing Its Societal BurdenTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant public health problem, on pace to become the third leading cause of death worldwide by 2020. Moreover, emerging evidence linking repeated mild traumatic brain injury to long-term neurodegenerative disorders points out that TBI can be both an acute disorder and a chronic disease. We are at an important transition point in our understanding of TB... ... hiện toàn bộ
Journal of Biomechanical Engineering - Tập 136 Số 2 - 2014
Parameter Sensitivity Study of a Constrained Mixture Model of Arterial Growth and RemodelingComputational models of arterial growth and remodeling promise to increase our understanding of basic biological processes, such as development, tissue maintenance, and aging, the biomechanics of functional adaptation, the progression and treatment of disease, responses to injuries, and even the design of improved replacement vessels and implanted medical devices. Ensuring reliability of a... ... hiện toàn bộ
Journal of Biomechanical Engineering - Tập 131 Số 10 - 2009
Examining Differences in Local Collagen Fiber Crimp Frequency Throughout Mechanical Testing in a Developmental Mouse Supraspinatus Tendon ModelCrimp morphology is believed to be related to tendon mechanical behavior. While crimp has been extensively studied at slack or nondescript load conditions in tendon, few studies have examined crimp at specific, quantifiable loading conditions. Additionally, the effect of the number of cycles of preconditioning on collagen fiber crimp behavior has not been examined. Further, the dependence ... ... hiện toàn bộ
Journal of Biomechanical Engineering - Tập 134 Số 4 - 2012
Stress, Strain, and Mechanotransduction in CellsIt is widely accepted that numerous cell types respond to mechanical stimuli, yet there is no general agreement as to whether particular cells respond directly to stress, strain, strain-rate, strain-energy, or other mechanical quantities. By recalling the definitions of the mathematical (not physical) concepts of stress and strain, it is suggested herein that cells cannot respond directly ... ... hiện toàn bộ
Journal of Biomechanical Engineering - Tập 123 Số 6 - Trang 638-641 - 2001
The Significance of Electromechanical and Osmotic Forces in the Nonequilibrium Swelling Behavior of Articular Cartilage in TensionStudies were conducted of some of the nonequilibrium, electrolyte-activated, electromechanical and osmotic processes that can affect the tensile properties of articular cartilage. We measured changes in tensile force that were induced by altering the ionic environment of strips of cartilage held at fixed length. We compared the kinetics of changes in these macroscopically measured isometri... ... hiện toàn bộ
Journal of Biomechanical Engineering - Tập 103 Số 4 - Trang 221-231 - 1981
A Stress Compatible Finite Element for Implant/Cement Interface AnalysesA new finite element has been developed to enforce normal and shear stress continuity at bimaterial interface points in order to alleviate the problem of high stress discontinuity predictions by the conventional displacement finite element method. The proposed element is based on a five node isoparametric quadrilateral element where the fifth node is located at the interface boundary of th... ... hiện toàn bộ
Journal of Biomechanical Engineering - Tập 110 Số 1 - Trang 42-49 - 1988
Finite Element Stress Analysis of a Push-Out Test Part 1: Fixed Interface Using Stress Compatible ElementsIn this first part of a two-part paper, interelement stress compatible finite elements are developed and used to perform the stress analysis of a push-out test with a fixed interface. In the formulation, the required continuity of some of the stresses along either a specific interface or all interelement interfaces is enforced by a penalty procedure. The model is axisymmetric and consists ... ... hiện toàn bộ
Journal of Biomechanical Engineering - Tập 114 Số 1 - Trang 111-118 - 1992
Muscular Resistance to Varus and Valgus Loads at the ElbowAlthough the contributions of passive structures to stability of the elbow have been well documented, the role of active muscular resistance of varus and valgus loads at the elbow remains unclear. We hypothesized that muscles: (1) can produce substantial varus and valgus moments about the elbow, and (2) are activated in response to sustained varus and valgus loading of the elbow. To test t... ... hiện toàn bộ
Journal of Biomechanical Engineering - Tập 120 Số 5 - Trang 634-639 - 1998
Factors Affecting the Pullout Strength of Cancellous Bone ScrewsScrews placed into cancellous bone in orthopedic surgical applications, such as fixation of fractures of the femoral neck or the lumbar spine, can be subjected to high loads. Screw pullout is a possibility, especially if low density osteoporotic bone is encountered. The overall goal of this study was to determine how screw thread geometry, tapping, and cannulation affect the holding power ... ... hiện toàn bộ
Journal of Biomechanical Engineering - Tập 118 Số 3 - Trang 391-398 - 1996
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