Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
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A Prototypical Process for Creating Evidentiary Standards for Biomarkers and Diagnostics
Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics - Tập 83 Số 2 - Trang 368-371 - 2008
Imaging the Function of P-Glycoprotein With Radiotracers: Pharmacokinetics and In Vivo Applications
Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics - Tập 86 Số 4 - Trang 368-377 - 2009
Incretin‐Based Drugs and Risk of Intestinal Obstruction Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1 RAs) and dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP‐4) inhibitors might increase the risk of intestinal obstruction, but real‐world evidence for this severe adverse event is lacking. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine whether GLP‐1 RAs and DPP‐4 inhibitors are associated with an increased risk of intestinal obstruction compared with sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 (SGLT‐2) inhibitors. We used the United Kingdom Clinical Practice Research Datalink and linked databases to assemble two new‐user, active comparator cohorts (2013–2019). The first included 25,617 and 67,261 GLP‐1 RA and SGLT‐2 inhibitor users, respectively. The second included 131,927 and 40,615 DPP‐4 inhibitor and SGLT‐2 inhibitor users, respectively. Propensity score fine stratification weighted Cox proportional hazards models were fit to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of intestinal obstruction requiring hospitalization. GLP‐1 RAs were associated with an increased risk of intestinal obstruction compared with SGLT‐2 inhibitors (1.9 vs. 1.1 per 1,000 person‐years, respectively; HR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.04–2.74). The highest HR was observed after 1.6 years of use (HR: 3.48, 95% CI: 1.79–6.79). DPP‐4 inhibitors were also associated with an increased risk (2.7 vs. 1.0 per 1,000 person‐years; HR: 2.59, 95% CI: 1.52–4.42), with the highest HR observed after 1.8 years of use (HR: 9.53, 95% CI: 4.47–20.30). The number needed to harm after 1 year of use was 1,223 and 603 for GLP‐1 RAs and DPP‐4 inhibitors, respectively. In this large real‐world study, GLP‐1 RAs and DPP‐4 inhibitors were associated with an increased risk of intestinal obstruction.
Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics - Tập 111 Số 1 - Trang 272-282 - 2022
Maturation and renal digoxin clearance
Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics - Tập 30 Số 6 - Trang 735-738 - 1981
Amiodarone kinetics after oral doses
Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics - Tập 31 Số 4 - Trang 438-444 - 1982
Digoxin-verapamil interaction
Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics - Tập 30 Số 3 - Trang 311-316 - 1981
Studies on the optical enantiomorphs of warfarin in man The optieal enantiomorphs of warfarin were studied in 10 normal sub;ects. Eaeh sub;ect was given in separate experiments a single oral dose of R(+) warfarin, S(‐) warfarin, and the racemate, R,S(±) warfarin, in the amount of 1.5 mg of drug per kilogram of body weight. The biologie half‐life for (+) warfarin, (‐) warfarin, and raeemie warfarin was 58 ± 5, 33 ± 4, and 42 ± 2 hours, respeetively, a highly significant differenee (p < 0.01) between the enantiomorphs. The blood level of drug for (+) warfarin was 94% greater than that tor (‐) warfarin. The area under the pro thrombin time curve plotted logarithmically showed a 76% greater effect for (‐) warfarin than for (+) warfarin. Thus, the intrinsic activity of (‐) warfarin was 3.4 times as great as thot of (+) warfarin in the induction of hypoprothrombinemia. A high degree of direct correlation was found between the area for the blood level of drug and the hypoprothrombinemic effect for both the (+) and (‐) warfarin enantiomorphs. It is concluded that the greater intrinsic activity of (‐) warfarin than (+) warfarin does not result primarily from the blood level of the enantiomorphs but may result from a difference in permeability or affinity for the receptor site.
Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics - Tập 16 Số 2 - Trang 348-354 - 1974
The biochemical pharmacology of abused drugs All of the so‐called drugs of dependence have a powerful central nervous system (CNS) action as their main attraction for the prospective drug abuser. In the first part of our review, we cover the maior CNS stimulants, amphetamine and cocaine, and the hallucinogen, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). Cocaine is not of great significance in the current drug abuse scene due to its high cost (it is a plant product) and the difficulty in obtaining it. It now finds little application in medicine, so that it can rarely be obtained either by prescription or burglary of pharmacies. Its place has been taken by the amphetamines, most notably by methamphetamine (Speed); the amphetamines are readily available synthetic drugs. Cocaine and the amphetamines are popular with drug abusers seeking mood elevation. The appeal of LSD is to the introverted who perhaps seek self‐knowledge, and it has been used experimentally as an adiunct to psychotherapy of a range of mental disorders. While the therapeutic uses of LSD are outside normal practice, its illicit use to achieve self‐awareness has led to the appearance of the psychedelic subculture and to the development of alternative views of society.
Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics - Tập 16 Số 4 - Trang 625-638 - 1974
Novel Data-Mining Methodologies for Adverse Drug Event Discovery and Analysis
Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics - Tập 91 Số 6 - Trang 1010-1021 - 2012
High-Risk Prescribing and Incidence of Frailty Among Older Community-Dwelling Men
Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics - Tập 91 Số 3 - Trang 521-528 - 2012
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