Annual Reviews
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Chaperonin-Mediated Protein Folding ▪ Abstract Molecular chaperones are required to assist folding of a subset of proteins in Escherichia coli. We describe a conceptual framework for understanding how the GroEL-GroES system assists misfolded proteins to reach their native states. The architecture of GroEL consists of double toroids stacked back-to-back. However, most of the fundamentals of the GroEL action can be described... ...
Annual Reviews - Tập 30 Số 1 - Trang 245-269 - 2001
Macromolecular Crowding: Biochemical, Biophysical, and Physiological Consequences
Annual Reviews - Tập 22 Số 1 - Trang 27-65 - 1993
The State of Lipid Rafts: From Model Membranes to Cells▪ Abstract Lipid raft microdomains were conceived as part of a mechanism for the intracellular trafficking of lipids and lipid-anchored proteins. The raft hypothesis is based on the behavior of defined lipid mixtures in liposomes and other model membranes. Experiments in these well-characterized systems led to operational definitions for lipid rafts in cell membranes. These definitions, d... ...
Annual Reviews - Tập 32 Số 1 - Trang 257-283 - 2003
Conformational Dynamics of the Chromatin Fiber in Solution: Determinants, Mechanisms, and Functions
Annual Reviews - Tập 31 Số 1 - Trang 361-392 - 2002
SINGLE-PARTICLE TRACKING:Applications to Membrane Dynamics▪ Abstract Measurements of trajectories of individual proteins or lipids in the plasma membrane of cells show a variety of types of motion. Brownian motion is observed, but many of the particles undergo non-Brownian motion, including directed motion, confined motion, and anomalous diffusion. The variety of motion leads to significant effects on the kinetics of reactions among membrane-bou... ...
Annual Reviews - Tập 26 Số 1 - Trang 373-399 - 1997
EVOLUTIONARY RELATIONSHIPS AND STRUCTURAL MECHANISMS OF AAA+ PROTEINSComplex cellular events commonly depend on the activity of molecular “machines” that efficiently couple enzymatic and regulatory functions within a multiprotein assembly. An essential and expanding subset of these assemblies comprises proteins of the ATPases associated with diverse cellular activities (AAA+) family. The defining feature of AAA+ proteins is a structurally conserved ATP-bind... ...
Annual Reviews - Tập 35 Số 1 - Trang 93-114 - 2006
ELECTRON TOMOGRAPHY OF MEMBRANE-BOUND CELLULAR ORGANELLES Electron microscope tomography produces three-dimensional reconstructions and has been used to image organelles both isolated and in situ, providing new insight into their structure and function. It is analogous to the various tomographies used in medical imaging. Compared with light microscopy, electron tomography offers an improvement in resolution of 30- to 80-fold and currently ranges... ...
Annual Reviews - Tập 35 Số 1 - Trang 199-224 - 2006
THE PROTEASOME▪ Abstract Proteasomes are large multisubunit proteases that are found in the cytosol, both free and attached to the endoplasmic reticulum, and in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. Their ubiquitous presence and high abundance in these compartments reflects their central role in cellular protein turnover. Proteasomes recognize, unfold, and digest protein substrates that have been marked for... ...
Annual Reviews - Tập 28 Số 1 - Trang 295-317 - 1999
Gating-Spring Models of Mechanoelectrical Transduction by Hair Cells of the Internal Ear
Annual Reviews - Tập 24 Số 1 - Trang 59-83 - 1995
HIERARCHY AND DYNAMICS OF RNA FOLDING▪ Abstract The evidence showing that the self-assembly of complex RNAs occurs in discrete transitions, each relating to the folding of sub-systems of increasing size and complexity starting from a state with most of the secondary structure, is reviewed. The reciprocal influence of the concentration of magnesium ions and nucleotide mutations on tertiary structure is analyzed. Several obser... ...
Annual Reviews - Tập 26 Số 1 - Trang 113-137 - 1997
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