Annual Review of Marine Science
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Multiple Stressors in a Changing World: The Need for an Improved Perspective on Physiological Responses to the Dynamic Marine EnvironmentAbiotic conditions (e.g., temperature and pH) fluctuate through time in most marine environments, sometimes passing intensity thresholds that induce physiological stress. Depending on habitat and season, the peak intensity of different abiotic stressors can occur in or out of phase with one another. Thus, some organisms are exposed to multiple stressors simultaneously, whereas others exper... ...
Annual Review of Marine Science - Tập 8 Số 1 - Trang 357-378 - 2016
The Size-Reactivity Continuum of Major Bioelements in the OceanMost of the carbon fixed in primary production is rapidly cycled and remin-eralized, leaving behind various forms of organic carbon that contribute to a vast reservoir of nonliving organic matter in seawater. Most of this carbon resides in dissolved molecules of varying bioavailability and reactivity, and aspects of the cycling of this carbon remain an enigma. The size-reactivity continuum... ...
Annual Review of Marine Science - Tập 7 Số 1 - Trang 185-205 - 2015
The Physiology of Global Change: Linking Patterns to MechanismsGlobal change includes alterations in ocean temperature, oxygen availability, salinity, and pH, abiotic variables with strong and interacting influences on the physiology of all taxa. Physiological stresses resulting from changes in these four variables may cause broad biogeographic shifts as well as localized changes in distribution in mosaic habitats. To elucidate these causal linkages, ... ...
Annual Review of Marine Science - Tập 4 Số 1 - Trang 39-61 - 2012
Nitrogen Cycle of the Open Ocean: From Genes to EcosystemsThe marine nitrogen (N) cycle controls the productivity of the oceans. This cycle is driven by complex biogeochemical transformations, including nitrogen fixation, denitrification, and assimilation and anaerobic ammonia oxidation, mediated by microorganisms. New processes and organisms continue to be discovered, complicating the already complex picture of oceanic N cycling. Genomics resear... ...
Annual Review of Marine Science - Tập 3 Số 1 - Trang 197-225 - 2011
Centuries of Human-Driven Change in Salt Marsh Ecosystems Salt marshes are among the most abundant, fertile, and accessible coastal habitats on earth, and they provide more ecosystem services to coastal populations than any other environment. Since the Middle Ages, humans have manipulated salt marshes at a grand scale, altering species composition, distribution, and ecosystem function. Here, we review historic and contemporary human activities i... ...
Annual Review of Marine Science - Tập 1 Số 1 - Trang 117-141 - 2009
Ocean Acidification: The Other CO2ProblemRising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2 ), primarily from human fossil fuel combustion, reduces ocean pH and causes wholesale shifts in seawater carbonate chemistry. The process of ocean acidification is well documented in field data, and the rate will accelerate over this century unless future CO2 emissions are curbed dramatically. Acidification alte... ...
Annual Review of Marine Science - Tập 1 Số 1 - Trang 169-192 - 2009
The Global Distribution and Dynamics of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter Chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) is a ubiquitous component of the open ocean dissolved matter pool, and is important owing to its influence on the optical properties of the water column, its role in photochemistry and photobiology, and its utility as a tracer of deep ocean biogeochemical processes and circulation. In this review, we discuss the global distribution and dynamics... ...
Annual Review of Marine Science - Tập 5 Số 1 - Trang 447-476 - 2013
Hypoxia, Nitrogen, and Fisheries: Integrating Effects Across Local and Global Landscapes Anthropogenic nutrient enrichment and physical characteristics result in low dissolved oxygen concentrations (hypoxia) in estuaries and semienclosed seas throughout the world. Published research indicates that within and near oxygen-depleted waters, finfish and mobile macroinvertebrates experience negative effects that range from mortality to altered trophic interactions. Chronic exposure... ...
Annual Review of Marine Science - Tập 1 Số 1 - Trang 329-349 - 2009
Local Adaptation in Marine Invertebrates Local adaptation in the sea was regarded historically as a rare phenomenon that was limited to a handful of species with exceptionally low dispersal potential. However, a growing body of experimental studies indicates that adaptive differentiation occurs in numerous marine invertebrates in response to selection imposed by strong gradients (and more complex mosaics) of abiotic and biotic c... ...
Annual Review of Marine Science - Tập 3 Số 1 - Trang 509-535 - 2011
Progress in Understanding Harmful Algal Blooms: Paradigm Shifts and New Technologies for Research, Monitoring, and ManagementThe public health, tourism, fisheries, and ecosystem impacts from harmful algal blooms (HABs) have all increased over the past few decades. This has led to heightened scientific and regulatory attention, and the development of many new technologies and approaches for research and management. This, in turn, is leading to significant paradigm shifts with regard to, e.g., our interpretation o... ...
Annual Review of Marine Science - Tập 4 Số 1 - Trang 143-176 - 2012
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