Unraveling the role of proteases in cancer

Clinica Chimica Acta - Tập 291 Số 2 - Trang 113-135 - 2000
Jennifer E. Koblinski1, Mamoun Ahram, Bonnie F. Sloane
1Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 540 E. Canfield, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Liotta, 1983, Tumor invasion and the extracellular matrix, Lab Invest, 49, 636

Escot, 1996, Cellular localisation by in situ hybridisation of cathepsin D, stromelysin 3, and urokinase plasminogen activator RNAs in breast cancer, Breast Cancer Res Treat, 38, 217, 10.1007/BF01806676

Hildenbrand, 1998, Urokinase receptor localization in breast cancer and benign lesions assessed by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, Histochem Cell Biol, 110, 27, 10.1007/s004180050261

Castiglioni, 1994, Immunohistochemical analysis of cathepsins D, B, and L in human breast cancer, Hum Pathol, 25, 857, 10.1016/0046-8177(94)90003-5

Nakopoulou, 1999, Matrix metalloproteinase-1 and -3 in breast cancer: correlation with progesterone receptors and other clinicopathologic features, Hum Pathol, 30, 436, 10.1016/S0046-8177(99)90120-X

Ueno, 1997, Expression and tissue localization of membrane-types 1, 2, and 3 matrix metalloproteinases in human invasive breast carcinomas, Cancer Res, 57, 2055

Christensen, 1996, Immunohistochemical localization of urokinase-type plasminogen activator, type-1 plasminogen-activator inhibitor, urokinase receptor and alpha(2)-macroglobulin receptor in human breast carcinomas, Int J Cancer, 66, 441, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19960516)66:4<441::AID-IJC6>3.0.CO;2-W

McDonnell, 1991, Expression and localization of the matrix metalloproteinase pump-1 (MMP-7) in human gastric and colon carcinomas, Mol Carcinog, 4, 527, 10.1002/mc.2940040617

Pyke, 1991, Urokinase-type plasminogen activator is expressed in stromal cells and its receptor in cancer cells at invasive foci in human colon adenocarcinomas, Am J Pathol, 138, 1059

Ohtani, 1996, Dual over-expression pattern of membrane-type metalloproteinase-1 in cancer and stromal cells in human gastrointestinal carcinoma revealed by in situ hybridization and immunoelectron microscopy, Int J Cancer, 68, 565, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19961127)68:5<565::AID-IJC2>3.0.CO;2-X

Campo, 1994, Cathepsin B expression in colorectal carcinomas correlates with tumor progression and shortened patient survival, Am J Pathol, 145, 301

Mayer, 1997, Immunohistochemical evaluation of cathepsin D expression in colorectal cancer, Cancer Invest, 15, 106, 10.3109/07357909709115762

Poulsom, 1992, Stromal expression of 72 kDa type IV collagenase (MMP-2) and TIMP-2 mRNAs in colorectal neoplasia, Am J Pathol, 141, 389

Sato, 1995, Association of immunohistochemical detection of urokinase-type plasminogen activator with metastasis and prognosis in colorectal cancer, Oncology, 52, 347, 10.1159/000227487

Ohtani, 1995, Expression of urokinase receptor in various stromal-cell populations in human colon cancer: immunoelectron microscopical analysis, Int J Cancer, 62, 691, 10.1002/ijc.2910620608

Nielsen, 1996, Messenger RNA for urokinase plasminogen activator is expressed in myofibroblasts adjacent to cancer cells in human breast cancer, Lab Invest, 74, 168

Heppner, 1996, Expression of most matrix metalloproteinase family members in breast cancer represents a tumor-induced host response, Am J Pathol, 149, 273

Schwartz-Albiez, 1993, Differential expression of annexins I and II in normal and malignant human mammary epithelial cells, Differentiation, 52, 229, 10.1111/j.1432-0436.1993.tb00635.x

Grondahl-Hansen, 1991, Localization of urokinase-type plasminogen activator in stromal cells in adenocarcinomas of the colon in humans, Am J Pathol, 138, 111

Joensuu, 1995, Stromal cell cathepsin D expression and long-term survival in breast cancer, Br J Cancer, 71, 155, 10.1038/bjc.1995.32

Chambers, 1997, Changing views of the role of matrix metalloproteinases in metastasis, J Natl Cancer Inst, 89, 1260, 10.1093/jnci/89.17.1260

Noel, 1997, Emerging roles for proteinases in cancer, Invasion Metastasis, 17, 221

Kim, 1998, Requirement for specific proteases in cancer cell intravasation as revealed by a novel semiquantitative PCR-based assay, Cell, 94, 353, 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81478-6

Koop, 1994, Overexpression of metalloproteinase inhibitor in B16F10 cells does not affect extravasation but reduces tumor growth, Cancer Res, 54, 4791

Sympson, 1995, Mammary gland tumor formation in transgenic mice overexpressing stromelysin-1, Semin Cancer Biol, 6, 159, 10.1006/scbi.1995.0022

Wilson, 1997, Intestinal tumorigenesis is suppressed in mice lacking the metalloproteinase matrilysin, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 94, 1402, 10.1073/pnas.94.4.1402

Lochter, 1997, Matrix metalloproteinase stromelysin-1 triggers a cascade of molecular alterations that leads to stable epithelial-to-mesenchymal conversion and a premalignant phenotype in mammary epithelial cells, J Cell Biol, 139, 1861, 10.1083/jcb.139.7.1861

Rochefort, 1999, Cathepsin D in cancer metastasis: a protease and a ligand, APMIS, 107, 86, 10.1111/j.1699-0463.1999.tb01530.x

Poole, 1978, Differences in secretion of the proteinase cathepsin B at the edges of human breast carcinomas and fibroadenomas, Nature, 273, 545, 10.1038/273545a0

Watanabe, 1989, Cathepsin B and L activities in gastric cancer tissue: correlation with histological findings, Biochem Med Metab Biol, 42, 21, 10.1016/0885-4505(89)90037-6

Sukoh, 1994, Immunohistochemical study of cathepsin B. Prognostic significance in human lung cancer, Cancer, 74, 46, 10.1002/1097-0142(19940701)74:1<46::AID-CNCR2820740109>3.0.CO;2-G

Sinha, 1995, Immunohistochemical localization of cathepsin B in neoplastic human prostate, Prostate, 26, 171, 10.1002/pros.2990260402

Rempel, 1994, Cathepsin B expression and localization in glioma progression and invasion, Cancer Res, 54, 6027

Sloane, 1981, Lysosomal cathepsin B: correlation with metastatic potential, Science, 212, 1151, 10.1126/science.7233209

Page, 1992, Human osteoclastomas contain multiple forms of cathepsin B, Biochim Biophys Acta, 1116, 57, 10.1016/0304-4165(92)90128-H

Berquin IM, Yan S-Q, Huang L, Sloane BF, Troen BR. Differentiating agents regulate cathepsin B gene expression in HL-60 cells. J Leukocyte Biol, in press.

Berquin, 1995, Identification of two new exons and multiple transcription start points in the 5′-untranslated region of the human cathepsin-B-encoding gene, Gene, 159, 143, 10.1016/0378-1119(95)00072-E

Fong, 1992, Confirmation of the human cathepsin B gene (CTSB) assignment to chromosome 8, Hum Genet, 89, 10, 10.1007/BF00207033

Hughes, 1998, A novel amplicon at 8p22-23 results in overexpression of cathepsin B in esophageal adenocarcinoma, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 95, 12410, 10.1073/pnas.95.21.12410

Abdollahi, 1999, Genome scanning detects amplification of the cathepsin B gene (CtsB) in transformed rat ovarian surface epithelial cells, J Soc Gynecol Investig, 6, 32, 10.1016/S1071-5576(98)00048-3

Shuja, 1996, Marked increases in cathepsin B and L activities distinguish papillary carcinoma of the thyroid from normal thyroid or thyroid with non-neoplastic disease, Int J Cancer, 66, 420, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19960516)66:4<420::AID-IJC2>3.0.CO;2-Y

Sloane, 1994, Membrane association of cathepsin B can be induced by transfection of human breast epithelial cells with c-Ha-ras oncogene, J Cell Sci, 107, 373, 10.1242/jcs.107.2.373

Rozhin, 1994, Pericellular pH affects distribution and secretion of cathepsin B in malignant cells, Cancer Res, 54, 6517

Sloane, 1986, Cathepsin B: association with plasma membrane in metastatic tumors, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 83, 2483, 10.1073/pnas.83.8.2483

Sameni, 1995, Cathepsin B and D are localized at the surface of human breast cancer cells, Path Oncol Res, 1, 43, 10.1007/BF02893583

Kassam, 1998, The p11 subunit of the annexin II tetramer plays a key role in the stimulation of tPA-dependent plasminogen activation, Biochemistry, 37, 16958, 10.1021/bi981713l

Hajjar, 1994, An endothelial cell receptor for plasminogen/tissue plasminogen activator. I. Identity with annexin II, J Biol Chem, 269, 21191, 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)31947-6

Schnitzer, 1995, Endothelial caveolae have the molecular transport machinery for vesicle budding, docking, and fusion including VAMP, NSF, SNAP, annexins, and GTPases, J Biol Chem, 270, 14399, 10.1074/jbc.270.24.14399

Stan, 1997, Immunoisolation and partial characterization of endothelial plasmalemmal vesicles (caveolae), Mol Biol Cell, 8, 595, 10.1091/mbc.8.4.595

Stahl, 1995, The urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor, a GPI-linked protein, is localized in caveolae, J Cell Biol, 129, 335, 10.1083/jcb.129.2.335

Kobayashi, 1991, Cathepsin B efficiently activates the soluble and the tumor cell receptor-bound form of the proenzyme urokinase-type plasminogen activator (Pro-uPA), J Biol Chem, 266, 5147, 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)67767-7

Kobayashi, 1993, Effects of membrane-associated cathepsin B on the activation of receptor-bound prourokinase and subsequent invasion of reconstituted basement membranes, Biochim Biophys Acta, 1178, 55, 10.1016/0167-4889(93)90109-3

Visscher, 1994, Clinicopathologic significance of cathepsin B and urokinase-type plasminogen activator immunostaining in colorectal adenocarcinoma, Intl J Surg Pathol, 1, 227, 10.1177/106689699400100403

Van der Stappen, 1996, Activation of cathepsin B, secreted by a colorectal cancer cell line requires low pH and is mediated by cathepsin D, Int J Cancer, 67, 547, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19960807)67:4<547::AID-IJC14>3.0.CO;2-4

Dalet-Fumeron, 1993, In vitro activation of pro-cathepsin B by three serine proteinases: leucocyte elastase, cathepsin G, and the urokinase-type plasminogen activator, FEBS Lett, 332, 251, 10.1016/0014-5793(93)80643-9

Dalet-Fumeron, 1996, Competition between plasminogen and procathepsin B as a probe to demonstrate the in vitro activation of procathepsin B by the tissue plasminogen activator, Arch Biochem Biophys, 335, 351, 10.1006/abbi.1996.0516

Dano, 1985, Plasminogen activators, tissue degradation, and cancer, Adv Cancer Res, 44, 139, 10.1016/S0065-230X(08)60028-7

He, 1989, Tissue cooperation in a proteolytic cascade activating human interstitial collagenase, Proc Natl Acad Sci, 86, 2632, 10.1073/pnas.86.8.2632

Matrisian, 1990, Stromelysin/transin and tumor progression, Semin Cancer Biol, 1, 107

Baramova, 1997, Involvement of PA/plasmin system in the processing of pro-MMP-9 and in the second step of pro-MMP-2 activation, FEBS Lett, 405, 157, 10.1016/S0014-5793(97)00175-0

Festuccia, 1998, In vitro regulation of pericellular proteolysis in prostatic tumor cells treated with bombesin, Int J Cancer, 75, 418, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19980130)75:3<418::AID-IJC16>3.0.CO;2-4

Carmeliet, 1997, Urokinase-generated plasmin activates matrix metalloproteinases during aneurysm formation, Nat Genet, 17, 439, 10.1038/ng1297-439

Eeckhout, 1977, Further studies on the activation of procollagenase, the latent precursor of bone collagenase. Effects of lysosomal cathepsin B., plasmin and kallikrein, and spontaneous activation, Biochem J, 166, 21, 10.1042/bj1660021

Murphy, 1992, Physiological mechanisms for metalloproteinase activation, Matrix Suppl, 1, 224

Suzuki, 1990, Mechanisms of activation of tissue procollagenase by matrix metalloproteinase 3 (stromelysin), Biochemistry, 29, 10261, 10.1021/bi00496a016

Ramos-DeSimone, 1999, Activation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) via a converging plasmin/stromelysin-1 cascade enhances tumor cell invasion, J Biol Chem, 274, 13066, 10.1074/jbc.274.19.13066

Van den Hooff, 1988, Stromal involvement in malignant growth, Adv Cancer Res, 50, 159, 10.1016/S0065-230X(08)60437-6

Ohtani, 1998, Stromal reaction in cancer tissue: pathophysiologic significance of the expression of matrix-degrading enzymes in relation to matrix turnover and immune/inflammatory reactions, Pathol Int, 48, 1, 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1998.tb03820.x

Bissell, 1999, Tissue structure, nuclear organization, and gene expression in normal and malignant breast, Cancer Res, 59, 1757ss

Gatenby, 1996, Fibroblast enhancement of tumor invasion in a tumor-host interface recapitulated in-vitro, Pathol Oncol Res, 2, 151, 10.1007/BF02903518

Himelstein, 1994, Induction of fibroblast 92 kDa gelatinase/type IV collagenase expression by direct contact with metastatic tumor cells, J Cell Sci, 107, 477, 10.1242/jcs.107.2.477

Borchers, 1994, Paracrine factor and cell-cell contact-mediated induction of protease and c-ets gene expression in malignant keratinocyte/dermal fibroblast cocultures, Exp Cell Res, 213, 143, 10.1006/excr.1994.1183

Noel, 1994, Coordinate enhancement of gelatinase A mRNA and activity levels in human fibroblasts in response to breast-adenocarcinoma cells, Int J Cancer, 56, 331, 10.1002/ijc.2910560306

Uria, 1997, Regulation of collagenase-3 expression in human breast carcinomas is mediated by stromal-epithelial cell interactions, Cancer Res, 57, 4882

Bechtel, 1996, Upregulation of cell-surface-associated plasminogen activation in cultured keratinocytes by interleukin-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, Exp Cell Res, 223, 395, 10.1006/excr.1996.0094

Esteve, 1998, In vitro expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in glioma cells following exposure to inflammatory mediators, Biochim Biophys Acta, 1403, 85, 10.1016/S0167-4889(98)00020-2

Basset, 1990, A novel metalloproteinase gene specifically expressed in stromal cells of breast carcinomas, Nature, 348, 699, 10.1038/348699a0

Cavailles, 1989, Regulation of cathepsin-D and pS2 gene expression by growth factors in MCF7 human breast cancer cells, Mol Endocrinol, 3, 552, 10.1210/mend-3-3-552

Ward, 1990, Changes in the expression of elastase and cathepsin B with differentiation of U937 promonocytes by GMCSF, Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 167, 659, 10.1016/0006-291X(90)92076-C

Graf, 1981, Histochemical localization of cathepsin B at the invasion front of the rabbit V2 carcinoma, Lab Invest, 45, 587

Baici, 1984, Extracellular cysteine proteinase and collagenase activities as a consequence of tumor-host interaction in the rabbit V2 carcinoma, Invasion Metastasis, 4, 13

Baici, 1988, Tumor-host interactions in the rabbit V2 carcinoma: stimulation of cathepsin B in host fibroblasts by a tumor-derived cytokine, Invasion Metastasis, 8, 143

Visscher, 1994, Clinicopathologic significance of cathepsin B immunostaining in transitional neoplasia, Mod Pathol, 7, 76

Emmert-Buck, 1994, Increased gelatinase A (MMP-2) and cathepsin B activity in invasive tumor regions of human colon cancer samples, Am J Pathol, 145, 1285

Sinha, 1993, Localization of a biotinylated cathepsin B oligonucleotide probe in human prostate including invasive cells and invasive edges by in situ hybridization, Anat Rec, 235, 233, 10.1002/ar.1092350207

Li, 1998, Effect of protein kinase modulators on the regulation of cathepsin B activity in THP-1 human monocytic leukemia cells, Oncol Rep, 5, 227

Huet, 1993, Stimulation of the secretion of latent cysteine proteinase activity by tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1, Arthritis Rheum, 36, 772, 10.1002/art.1780360606

Boudreau, 1996, Suppression of apoptosis by basement membrane requires three-dimensional tissue organization and withdrawal from the cell cycle, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 93, 3509, 10.1073/pnas.93.8.3509

Koyama, 1996, Fibrillar collagen inhibits arterial smooth muscle proliferation through regulation of Cdk2 inhibitors, Cell, 87, 1069, 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81801-2

Adams, 1993, Regulation of development and differentiation by the extracellular matrix, Development, 117, 1183, 10.1242/dev.117.4.1183

Underwood, 1998, Inhibition of endothelial cell adhesion and proliferation by extracellular matrix from vascular smooth muscle cells: role of type V collagen, Atherosclerosis, 141, 141, 10.1016/S0021-9150(98)00164-6

Fridman, 1990, Reconstituted basement membrane (matrigel) and laminin can enhance the tumorigenicity and the drug resistance of small cell lung cancer cell lines, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 87, 6698, 10.1073/pnas.87.17.6698

Sonohara, 1998, Laminin and estradiol regulation of the plasminogen-activator system in MCF-7 breast-carcinoma cells, Int J Cancer, 76, 77, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19980330)76:1<77::AID-IJC13>3.0.CO;2-D

Mauch, 1989, Collagenase gene expression in fibroblasts is regulated by a three-dimensional contact with collagen, FEBS Lett, 250, 301, 10.1016/0014-5793(89)80743-4

Bafetti, 1998, Intact vitronectin induces matrix metalloproteinase-2 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 expression and enhanced cellular invasion by melanoma cells, J Biol Chem, 273, 143, 10.1074/jbc.273.1.143

Stanton, 1998, The activation of ProMMP-2 (gelatinase A) by HT1080 fibrosarcoma cells is promoted by culture on a fibronectin substrate and is concomitant with an increase in processing of MT1-MMP (MMP-14) to a 45 kDa form, J Cell Sci, 111, 2789, 10.1242/jcs.111.18.2789

Corcoran, 1995, Laminin SIKVAV peptide induction of monocyte/macrophage prostaglandin E2 and matrix metalloproteinases, J Biol Chem, 270, 10365, 10.1074/jbc.270.18.10365

Singhal, 1998, Extracellular matrix modulates mesangial cell apoptosis and mRNA expression of cathepsin-B and tissue transglutaminase, J Cell Biochem, 68, 22, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4644(19980101)68:1<22::AID-JCB3>3.0.CO;2-Y

Chopra, 1991, The lipoxygenase metabolite 12(S)-HETE induces a cytoskeleton-dependent increase in surface expression of integrin alpha IIb beta 3 on melanoma cells, Int J Cancer, 49, 774, 10.1002/ijc.2910490524

Honn, 1994, A lipoxygenase metabolite, 12-(S)-HETE, stimulates protein kinase C-mediated release of cathepsin B from malignant cells, Exp Cell Res, 214, 120, 10.1006/excr.1994.1240

Langholz, 1995, Collagen and collagenase gene expression in three-dimensional collagen lattices are differentially regulated by alpha 1 beta 1 and alpha 2 beta 1 integrins, J Cell Biol, 131, 1903, 10.1083/jcb.131.6.1903

Xu, 1997, A three-dimensional collagen lattice induces protein kinase C-zeta activity: role in alpha2 integrin and collagenase mRNA expression, J Cell Biol, 136, 473, 10.1083/jcb.136.2.473

Buck, 1992, Degradation of extracellular-matrix proteins by human cathepsin B from normal and tumour tissues, Biochem J, 282, 273, 10.1042/bj2820273

Lah, 1989, Degradation of laminin by human tumor cathepsin B, Clin Exp Metastasis, 7, 461, 10.1007/BF01753666

Khan, 1998, Cathepsin B expression and its correlation with tumor-associated laminin and tumor progression in gastric cancer, Arch Pathol Lab Med, 122, 172

Khan, 1998, Cathepsin B and tumor-associated laminin expression in the progression of colorectal adenoma to carcinoma, Mod Pathol, 11, 704

Griffiths, 1991, Are cancer cells acidic?, Br J Cancer, 64, 425, 10.1038/bjc.1991.326

Montcourrier, 1997, Breast cancer cells have a high capacity to acidify extracellular milieu by a dual mechanism, Clin Exp Metastasis, 15, 382, 10.1023/A:1018446104071

Baron, 1989, Molecular mechanisms of bone resorption by the osteoclast, Anat Rec, 224, 317, 10.1002/ar.1092240220

Coopman, 1996, Integrin alpha 3 beta 1 participates in the phagocytosis of extracellular matrix molecules by human breast cancer cells, Mol Biol Cell, 7, 1789, 10.1091/mbc.7.11.1789

Montcourrier, 1990, Cathepsin D in breast cancer cells can digest extracellular matrix in large acidic vesicles, Cancer Res, 50, 6045

Montcourrier, 1994, Characterization of very acidic phagosomes in breast cancer cells and their association with invasion, Cell Sci, 107, 2381, 10.1242/jcs.107.9.2381

Roger, 1994, Cathepsin D immunostaining in paraffin-embedded breast cancer cells and macrophages: correlation with cytosolic assay, Hum Pathol, 25, 863, 10.1016/0046-8177(94)90004-3

Kramer, 1986, Invasion of reconstituted basement membrane matrix by metastatic human tumor cells, Cancer Res, 46, 1980

Masson, 1998, In vivo evidence that the stromelysin-3 metalloproteinase contributes in a paracrine manner to epithelial cell malignancy, J Cell Biol, 140, 1535, 10.1083/jcb.140.6.1535

Moser, 1990, A dominant mutation that predisposes to multiple intestinal neoplasia in the mouse, Science, 247, 322, 10.1126/science.2296722

Su, 1992, Multiple intestinal neoplasia caused by a mutation in the murine homolog of the APC gene, Science, 256, 668, 10.1126/science.1350108

Dufek, 1985, Changes in serum cathepsin B-like activity in patients with colorectal cancer, Neoplasma, 32, 51

Satoh, 1996, Cathepsin B in the growth of colorectal cancer: suppressive effect of leupeptin on the growth of DMH-induced rat colon neoplasm, Acta Med Okayama, 50, 299

Kusunoki, 1995, Study on cathepsin B activity in human thyroid tumors, Auris Nasus Larynx, 22, 43, 10.1016/S0385-8146(12)80181-7

Tumminello, 1996, Cathepsin D, B and L circulating levels as prognostic markers of malignant progression, Anticancer Res, 16, 2315

Abecassis, 1984, Proteinases and sialyltransferase in human breast tumors, Int J Cancer, 33, 821, 10.1002/ijc.2910330617

Warwas, 1997, Cathepsin B-like activity as a serum tumour marker in ovarian carcinoma, Eur J Clin Chem Clin Biochem, 35, 301

Sinha, 1989, Localization of cathepsin B in normal and hyperplastic human prostate by immunoperoxidase and protein A-gold techniques, Anat Rec, 223, 266, 10.1002/ar.1092230305

Xing, 1998, Control of breast tumor cell growth using a targeted cysteine protease inhibitor, Cancer Res, 58, 904

Pietras, 1981, Lysosomal cathepsin B-like activity: mobilization in prereplicative and neoplastic epithelial cells, J Histochem Cytochem, 29, 440, 10.1177/29.3.440

Van Noorden, 1998, Heterogeneous suppression of experimentally induced colon cancer metastasis in rat liver lobes by inhibition of extracellular cathepsin B, Clin Exp Metastasis, 16, 159, 10.1023/A:1006524321335

Taipale, 1997, Growth factors in the extracellular matrix, FASEB J, 11, 51, 10.1096/fasebj.11.1.9034166

Whitelock, 1996, The degradation of human endothelial cell-derived perlecan and release of bound basic fibroblast growth factor by stromelysin, collagenase, plasmin, and heparanases, J Biol Chem, 271, 10079, 10.1074/jbc.271.17.10079

Noel, 1993, Enhancement of tumorigenicity of human breast adenocarcinoma cells in nude mice by matrigel and fibroblasts, Br J Cancer, 68, 909, 10.1038/bjc.1993.453

Noel, 1998, Inhibition of stromal matrix metalloproteases: effects on breast-tumor promotion by fibroblasts, Int J Cancer, 76, 267, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19980413)76:2<267::AID-IJC15>3.0.CO;2-9

Oursler, 1993, Glucocorticoid-induced activation of latent transforming growth factor-beta by normal human osteoblast-like cells, Endocrinology, 133, 2187, 10.1210/en.133.5.2187

Mooradian, 1989, Transforming growth factor-beta 1 binds to immobilized fibronectin, J Cell Biochem, 41, 189, 10.1002/jcb.240410404

Paralkar, 1991, Transforming growth factor beta type 1 binds to collagen IV of basement membrane matrix: implications for development, Dev Biol, 143, 303, 10.1016/0012-1606(91)90081-D

Folkman, 1992, The role of angiogenesis in tumor growth, Semin Cancer Biol, 3, 65

Sinha, 1995, Cathepsin B in angiogenesis of human prostate: an immunohistochemical and immunoelectron microscopic analysis, Anat Rec, 241, 353, 10.1002/ar.1092410309

Mikkelsen, 1995, Immunolocalization of cathepsin B in human glioma: implications for tumor invasion and angiogenesis, J Neurosurg, 83, 285, 10.3171/jns.1995.83.2.0285

Keppler, 1996, Tumor progression and angiogenesis: cathepsin B & Co, Biochem Cell Biol, 74, 799, 10.1139/o96-086

Kuzuya, 1994, Reorganization of endothelial cord-like structures on basement membrane complex (Matrigel): involvement of transforming growth factor beta 1, J Cell Physiol, 161, 267, 10.1002/jcp.1041610211

Panchal, 1996, Tumor protease-activated, pore-forming toxins from a combinatorial library, Nat Biotechnol, 14, 852, 10.1038/nbt0796-852

Weissleder, 1999, In vivo imaging of tumors with protease-activated near-infrared fluorescent probes, Nat Biotechnol, 17, 375, 10.1038/7933

Brown, 1999, Clinical studies with matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors, APMIS, 107, 174, 10.1111/j.1699-0463.1999.tb01541.x

Koivunen, 1999, Tumor targeting with a selective gelatinase inhibitor, Nat Biotechnol, 17, 768, 10.1038/11703

Mai J, Finley R, Waisman DM, Sloane BF, submitted.

Ahram M, Sameni M, Linebaugh B, Qiu R-G, Kirn D, Sloane BF, submitted.

Sameni M, Sloane BF, submitted.