The Geneva stellar evolution code

P. Eggenberger1, Georges Meynet1, A. Maeder1, Raphaël Hirschi2, C. Charbonnel1,3, Suzanne Talon4, Sylvia Ekström1
1Observatoire de Genève, Université de Genève, Sauverny, Switzerland
2Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
3Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de l’OMP, CNRS UMR 5572, Toulouse, France
4Departement de physique, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Alexander, D.R., Ferguson, J.W.: Low-temperature Rosseland opacities. Astrophys. J. 437, 879–891 (1994). DOI 10.1086/175039

Angulo, C., Arnould, M., Rayet, M., Descouvemont, P., Baye, D., Leclercq-Willain, C., Coc, A., Barhoumi, S., Aguer, P., Rolfs, C., Kunz, R., Hammer, J.W., Mayer, A., Paradellis, T., Kossionides, S., Chronidou, C., Spyrou, K., degl’Innocenti, S., Fiorentini, G., Ricci, B., Zavatarelli, S., Providencia, C., Wolters, H., Soares, J., Grama, C., Rahighi, J., Shotter, A., Lamehi Rachti, M.: A compilation of charged-particle induced thermonuclear reaction rates. Nucl. Phys. A 656, 3–183 (1999)

Asplund, M., Grevesse, N., Sauval, A.J., Allende Prieto, C., Kiselman, D.: Line formation in solar granulation. IV. [O I], O I and OH lines and the photospheric O abundance. Astron. Astrophys. 417, 751–768 (2004). DOI 10.1051/0004-6361:20034328

Behrend, R., Maeder, A.: Formation of massive stars by growing accretion rate. Astron. Astrophys. 373, 190–198 (2001). DOI 10.1051/0004-6361:20010585

Böhm-Vitense, E.: Über die Wasserstoffkonvektionszone in Sternen verschiedener Effektivtemperaturen und Leuchtkräfte mit 5 Textabbildungen. Z. Astrophys. 46, 108 (1958)

Bouvier, J., Forestini, M., Allain, S.: The angular momentum evolution of low-mass stars. Astron. Astrophys. 326, 1023–1043 (1997)

Brown, T.M., Christensen-Dalsgaard, J., Dziembowski, W.A., Goode, P., Gough, D.O., Morrow, C.A.: Inferring the sun’s internal angular velocity from observed p-mode frequency splittings. Astrophys. J. 343, 526–546 (1989). DOI 10.1086/167727

Carrier, F., Eggenberger, P., Bouchy, F.: New seismological results on the G0 IV η Bootis. Astron. Astrophys. 434, 1085–1095 (2005). DOI 10.1051/0004-6361:20042140

Chaboyer, B., Zahn, J.P.: Effect of horizontal turbulent diffusion on transport by meridional circulation. Astron. Astrophys. 253, 173–177 (1992)

Chaboyer, B., Demarque, P., Pinsonneault, M.H.: Stellar models with microscopic diffusion and rotational mixing. 1: Application to the Sun. Astrophys. J. 441, 865–875 (1995). DOI 10.1086/175408

Chapman, S., Cowling, T.G.: The Mathematical Theory of Non-uniform Gases. An Account of the Kinetic Theory of Viscosity, Thermal Conduction and Diffusion in Gases, 3rd ed. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1970)

Charbonnel, C., Däppen, W., Schaerer, D., Bernasconi, P.A., Maeder, A., Meynet, G., Mowlavi, N.: Grids of stellar models. VIII. From 0.4 to 1.0 M ⊙ at Z=0.020 and Z=0.001, with the MHD equation of state. Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. 135, 405–413 (1999)

Charbonnel, C., Meynet, G., Maeder, A., Schaerer, D.: Grids of stellar models. VI. Horizontal branch and early asymptotic giant branch for low mass stars (Z=0.020, 0.001). Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. 115, 339 (1996)

Charbonnel, C., Talon, S.: Influence of gravity waves on the internal rotation and Li abundance of solar-type stars. Science 309, 2189–2191 (2005). DOI 10.1126/science.1116849

Couvidat, S., García, R.A., Turck-Chièze, S., Corbard, T., Henney, C.J., Jiménez-Reyes, S.: The rotation of the deep solar layers. Astrophys. J. 597, L77–L79 (2003). DOI 10.1086/379698

Daeppen, W., Mihalas, D., Hummer, D.G., Mihalas, B.W.: The equation of state for stellar envelopes. III—Thermodynamic quantities. Astrophys. J. 332, 261–270 (1988). DOI 10.1086/166650

de Jager, C., Nieuwenhuijzen, H., van der Hucht, K.A.: Mass loss rates in the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram. Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. 72, 259–289 (1988)

Dwarkadas, V.V., Owocki, S.P.: Radiatively Driven Winds and the Shaping of Bipolar Luminous Blue Variable Nebulae. Astrophys. J. 581, 1337–1343 (2002). DOI 10.1086/344257

Eddington, A.S.: Circulating currents in rotating stars. Observatory 48, 73–75 (1925)

Eggenberger, P., Carrier, F.: Modeling β Virginis using seismological data. Astron. Astrophys. 449, 293–303 (2006). DOI 10.1051/0004-6361:20052882

Eggenberger, P., Charbonnel, C., Talon, S., Meynet, G., Maeder, A., Carrier, F., Bourban, G.: Analysis of α Centauri AB including seismic constraints. Astron. Astrophys. 417, 235–246 (2004). DOI 10.1051/0004-6361:20034203

Eggenberger, P., Carrier, F., Bouchy, F.: Models of Procyon A including seismic constraints. New Astron. 10, 195–208 (2005a). DOI 10.1016/j.newast.2004.10.002

Eggenberger, P., Maeder, A., Meynet, G.: Stellar evolution with rotation and magnetic fields. IV. The solar rotation profile. Astron. Astrophys. 440, L9–L12 (2005b). DOI 10.1051/0004-6361:200500156

Ekström, S., Meynet, G., Maeder, A.: CNO production in first generation stars. ArXiv Astrophysics e-prints (2006)

Graboske, H.C., Dewitt, H.E., Grossman, A.S., Cooper, M.S.: Screening factors for nuclear reactions. 11. Intermediate screening and astrophysical applications. Astrophys. J. 181, 457–474 (1973)

Grevesse, N., Noels, A.: Cosmic Abundances of the Elements. In: Prantzos, N., Vangioni-Flam, E., Casse, M. (eds.) Origin and Evolution of the Elements: Proceedings of a Symposium in Honour of H. Reeves, Paris, 22–25 June 1992, vol. 14, p. 14. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1993)

Grevesse, N., Sauval, A.J.: Standard solar composition. Space Sci. Rev. 85, 161–174 (1998)

Hirschi, R., Meynet, G., Maeder, A.: Stellar evolution with rotation. XII. Pre-supernova models. Astron. Astrophys. 425, 649–670 (2004). DOI 10.1051/0004-6361:20041095

Hummer, D.G., Mihalas, D.: The equation of state for stellar envelopes. I—an occupation probability formalism for the truncation of internal partition functions. Astrophys. J. 331, 794–814 (1988). DOI 10.1086/166600

Iglesias, C.A., Rogers, F.J.: Updated opal opacities. Astrophys. J. 464, 943 (1996). DOI 10.1086/177381

Kawaler, S.D.: Angular momentum loss in low-mass stars. Astrophys. J. 333, 236–247 (1988). DOI 10.1086/166740

Kim, Y.C., Demarque, P.: The theoretical calculation of the Rossby number and the “Nonlocal” convective overturn time for pre-main-sequence and early post-main-sequence stars. Astrophys. J. 457, 340 (1996). DOI 10.1086/176733

Kosovichev, A.G., Schou, J., Scherrer, P.H., Bogart, R.S., Bush, R.I., Hoeksema, J.T., Aloise, J., Bacon, L., Burnette, A., de Forest, C., Giles, P.M., Leibrand, K., Nigam, R., Rubin, M., Scott, K., Williams, S.D., Basu, S., Christensen-Dalsgaard, J., Dappen, W., Rhodes, E.J., Duvall, T.L., Howe, R., Thompson, M.J., Gough, D.O., Sekii, T., Toomre, J., Tarbell, T.D., Title, A.M., Mathur, D., Morrison, M., Saba, J.L.R., Wolfson, C.J., Zayer, I., Milford, P.N.: Structure and rotation of the solar interior: initial results from the MDI medium-L program. Sol. Phys. 170, 43–61 (1997)

Kudritzki, R.P., Pauldrach, A., Puls, J.: Radiation driven winds of hot luminous stars. II—Wind models for O-stars in the Magellanic Clouds. Astron. Astrophys. 173, 293–298 (1987)

Lamers, H.J.G.L.M., Snow, T.P., Lindholm, D.M.: Terminal velocities and the bistability of stellar winds. Astrophys. J. 455, 269 (1995). DOI 10.1086/176575

Leitherer, C., Robert, C., Drissen, L.: Deposition of mass, momentum, and energy by massive stars into the interstellar medium. Astrophys. J. 401, 596–617 (1992). DOI 10.1086/172089

Maeder, A.: Evolution of chemical abundances in massive stars. I—OB stars, Hubble–Sandage variables and Wolf–Rayet stars—Changes at stellar surfaces and galactic enrichment by stellar winds. II—Abundance anomalies in Wolf–Rayet stars in relation with cosmic rays and 22/Ne in meteorites. Astron. Astrophys. 120, 113–135 (1983)

Maeder, A.: Changes of surface chemistry for standard massive star evolution—Cartography in the HR diagram. Astron. Astrophys. 173, 247–262 (1987)

Maeder, A.: Stellar evolution with rotation. IX. The effects of the production of asymmetric nebulae on the internal evolution. Astron. Astrophys. 392, 575–584 (2002). DOI 10.1051/0004-6361:20020938

Maeder, A.: Stellar rotation: Evidence for a large horizontal turbulence and its effects on evolution. Astron. Astrophys. 399, 263–269 (2003). DOI 10.1051/0004-6361:20021731

Maeder, A., Desjacques, V.: The shape of η Carinae and LBV nebulae. Astron. Astrophys. 372, L9–L12 (2001). DOI 10.1051/0004-6361:20010539

Maeder, A., Meynet, G.: Grids of evolutionary models of massive stars with mass loss and overshooting—Properties of Wolf–Rayet stars sensitive to overshooting. Astron. Astrophys. 182, 243–263 (1987)

Maeder, A., Meynet, G.: Grids of evolutionary models from 0.85 to 120 solar masses—Observational tests and the mass limits. Astron. Astrophys. 210, 155–173 (1989)

Maeder, A., Meynet, G.: Stellar evolution with rotation. VI. The Eddington and Omega-limits, the rotational mass loss for OB and LBV stars. Astron. Astrophys. 361, 159–166 (2000)

Maeder, A., Meynet, G.: Stellar evolution with rotation. VII. Low metallicity models and the blue to red supergiant ratio in the SMC. Astron. Astrophys. 373, 555–571 (2001). DOI 10.1051/0004-6361:20010596

Maeder, A., Meynet, G.: Stellar evolution with rotation and magnetic fields. I. The relative importance of rotational and magnetic effects. Astron. Astrophys. 411, 543–552 (2003). DOI 10.1051/0004-6361:20031491

Maeder, A., Meynet, G.: Evolution of massive stars with rotation and mass loss (invited review). In: Maeder, A., Eenens, P. (eds.) IAU Symposium, p. 500 (2004a)

Maeder, A., Meynet, G.: Stellar evolution with rotation and magnetic fields. II. General equations for the transport by Tayler–Spruit dynamo. Astron. Astrophys. 422, 225–237 (2004b). DOI 10.1051/0004-6361:20034583

Maeder, A., Meynet, G.: Stellar evolution with rotation and magnetic fields. III. The interplay of circulation and dynamo. Astron. Astrophys. 440, 1041–1049 (2005). DOI 10.1051/0004-6361:20053261

Maeder, A., Zahn, J.P.: Stellar evolution with rotation. III. Meridional circulation with MU-gradients and non-stationarity. Astron. Astrophys. 334, 1000–1006 (1998)

Maeder, A., Meynet, G., Hirschi, R.: Evolution of the Most Massive Stars. In: Humphreys, R., Stanek, K. (eds.) ASP Conf. Ser. vol. 332: The Fate of the Most Massive Stars, p. 3 (2005)

Mathis, S., Palacios, A., Zahn, J.P.: On shear-induced turbulence in rotating stars. Astron. Astrophys. 425, 243–247 (2004). DOI 10.1051/0004-6361:20040279

Meynet, G., Arnould, M.: Synthesis of 19F in Wolf–Rayet stars. Astron. Astrophys. 355, 176–180 (2000)

Meynet, G., Maeder, A.: Stellar evolution with rotation. I. The computational method and the inhibiting effect of the μ-gradient. Astron. Astrophys. 321, 465–476 (1997)

Meynet, G., Maeder, A., Schaller, G., Schaerer, D., Charbonnel, C.: Grids of massive stars with high mass loss rates. V. From 12 to 120 M⊙ at Z=0.001, 0.004, 0.008, 0.020 and 0.040. Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. 103, 97–105 (1994)

Meynet, G., Arnould, M., Prantzos, N., Paulus, G.: Contribution of Wolf–Rayet stars to the synthesis of 26Al. I. The γ-ray connection. Astron. Astrophys. 320, 460–468 (1997)

Meynet, G., Maeder, A., Mowlavi, N.: Diffusion in stellar interiors: Critical tests of three numerical methods. Astron. Astrophys. 416, 1023–1036 (2004). DOI 10.1051/0004-6361:20031735

Meynet, G., Ekström, S., Maeder, A.: The early star generations: the dominant effect of rotation on the CNO yields. Astron. Astrophys. 447, 623–639 (2006). DOI 10.1051/0004-6361:20053070

Mihalas, D., Dappen, W., Hummer, D.G.: The equation of state for stellar envelopes. II—Algorithm and selected results. Astrophys. J. 331, 815–825 (1988). DOI 10.1086/166601

Mowlavi, N., Schaerer, D., Meynet, G., Bernasconi, P.A., Charbonnel, C., Maeder, A.: Grids of stellar models. VII. From 0.8 to 60 M⊙ at Z=0.10. Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. 128, 471–474 (1998)

Palacios, A., Talon, S., Charbonnel, C., Forestini, M.: Rotational mixing in low-mass stars. I Effect of the μ-gradients in main sequence and subgiant Pop I stars. Astron. Astrophys. 399, 603–616 (2003). DOI 10.1051/0004-6361:20021759

Paquette, C., Pelletier, C., Fontaine, G., Michaud, G.: Diffusion coefficients for stellar plasmas. Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. 61, 177–195 (1986). DOI 10.1086/191111

Pinsonneault, M.H., Kawaler, S.D., Sofia, S., Demarque, P.: Evolutionary models of the rotating sun. Astrophys. J. 338, 424–452 (1989). DOI 10.1086/167210

Pitts, E., Tayler, R.J.: The adiabatic stability of stars containing magnetic fields. IV—The influence of rotation. Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 216, 139–154 (1985)

Reimers, D.: Circumstellar absorption lines and mass loss from red giants. Memoires Soc. Roy. Sci. Liège 8, 369–382 (1975)

Richard, D., Zahn, J.P.: Turbulence in differentially rotating flows. What can be learned from the Couette–Taylor experiment. Astron. Astrophys. 347, 734–738 (1999)

Richard, O., Vauclair, S., Charbonnel, C., Dziembowski, W.A.: New solar models including helioseismological constraints and light-element depletion. Astron. Astrophys. 312, 1000–1011 (1996)

Rogers, F.J., Nayfonov, A.: Updated and expanded OPAL equation-of-state tables: implications for helioseismology. Astrophys. J. 576, 1064–1074 (2002). DOI 10.1086/341894

Rogers, F.J., Swenson, F.J., Iglesias, C.A.: OPAL equation-of-state tables for astrophysical applications. Astrophys. J. 456, 902 (1996). DOI 10.1086/176705

Saar, S.H.: Recent magnetic fields measurements of stellar. In: IAU Symp., vol. 176: Stellar Surface Structure, p. 237 (1996)

Schaerer, D., Meynet, G., Maeder, A., Schaller, G.: Grids of stellar models. II—From 0.8 to 120 solar masses at Z=0.008. Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. 98, 523–527 (1993)

Schaller, G., Schaerer, D., Meynet, G., Maeder, A.: New grids of stellar models from 0.8 to 120 solar masses at Z=0.020 and Z=0.001. Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. 96, 269–331 (1992)

Schatzman, E., Maeder, A., Angrand, F., Glowinski, R.: Stellar evolution with turbulent diffusion mixing. III—The solar model and the neutrino problem. Astron. Astrophys. 96, 1–2 (1981)

Seaton, M.J., Yan, Y., Mihalas, D., Pradhan, A.K.: Opacities for stellar envelopes. Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 266, 805 (1994)

Spruit, H.C.: Dynamo action by differential rotation in a stably stratified stellar interior. Astron. Astrophys. 381, 923–932 (2002). DOI 10.1051/0004-6361:20011465

Stauffer, J.R., Hartmann, L.W.: The distribution of rotational velocities for low-mass stars in the Pleiades. Astrophys. J. 318, 337–355 (1987). DOI 10.1086/165371

Talon, S.: Hydrodynamique des étoiles en rotation. Ph.D. thesis (1997)

Talon, S., Charbonnel, C.: Hydrodynamical stellar models including rotation, internal gravity waves, and atomic diffusion. I. Formalism and tests on Pop I dwarfs. Astron. Astrophys. 440, 981–994 (2005). DOI 10.1051/0004-6361:20053020

Talon, S., Zahn, J.P., Maeder, A., Meynet, G.: Rotational mixing in early-type stars: the main-sequence evolution of a 9 M⊙ star. Astron. Astrophys. 322, 209–217 (1997)

Talon, S., Kumar, P., Zahn, J.P.: Angular momentum extraction by gravity waves in the Sun. Astrophys. J. 574, L175–L178 (2002). DOI 10.1086/342526

Turcotte, S., Richer, J., Michaud, G., Iglesias, C.A., Rogers, F.J.: Consistent solar evolution model including diffusion and radiative acceleration effects. Astrophys. J. 504, 539 (1998). DOI 10.1086/306055

Vink, J.S., de Koter, A., Lamers, H.J.G.L.M.: Mass-loss predictions for O and B stars as a function of metallicity. Astron. Astrophys. 369, 574–588 (2001). DOI 10.1051/0004-6361:20010127

Vogt, H.: Das Strahlungsgleichgewicht rotierender und äußeren Kräften unterworfener Sterne. Astron. Nachrichten 227, 325 (1926)

Zahn, J.P.: Circulation and turbulence in rotating stars. Astron. Astrophys. 265, 115–132 (1992)

Zahn, J.P., Talon, S., Matias, J.: Angular momentum transport by internal waves in the solar interior. Astron. Astrophys. 322, 320–328 (1997)