The Anthropocene is functionally and stratigraphically distinct from the Holocene

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) - Tập 351 Số 6269 - 2016
Colin N. Waters1, Jan Zalasiewicz2, Colin Summerhayes3, Anthony D. Barnosky4, Clément Poirier5, Agnieszka Gałuszka6, Alejandro Cearreta7, Matt Edgeworth8, Erle C. Ellis9, Michael A. Ellis1, Catherine Jeandel10, Reinhold Leinfelder11, John McNeill12, Daniel deB. Richter13, Will Steffen14, James P. M. Syvitski15, Davor Vidas16, Michael Wagreich17, Mark Williams2, Zhisheng An18, Jacques Grinevald19, Eric Odada20, Наоми Орескес21, Alexander P. Wolfe22
1British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham, NG12 5GG, UK
2Department of Geology, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
3Scott Polar Research Institute, Cambridge University, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1ER, UK
4Department of Integrative Biology, Museum of Paleontology, and Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California–Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
5Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière, Université de Caen Normandie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 24 Rue des Tilleuls, F-14000 Caen, France.
6Geochemistry and the Environment Division, Institute of Chemistry, Jan Kochanowski University, 15G Świętokrzyska Street, 25-406 Kielce, Poland.
7Departamento de Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, Apartado 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain
8School of Archaeology and Ancient History, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
9Department of Geography and Environmental Systems, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, 21250, USA
10Laboratoire d’Etudes en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales (CNRS, Centre National d'Études Spatiales, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université Paul Sabatier), 14 Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France.
11Department of Geological Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Malteserstraße 74-100/D, 12249 Berlin, Germany.
12Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
13Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Box 90233, Durham, NC 27516, USA.
14The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia.
15Department of Geological Sciences, University of Colorado–Boulder, Box 545, Boulder, CO 80309-0545, USA.
16Marine Affairs and Law of the Sea Programme, The Fridtjof Nansen Institute, Lysaker, Norway.
17Department of Geodynamics and Sedimentology, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
18State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
19Institut de Hautes Études Internationales et du Développement, Chemin Eugène Rigot 2, 1211 Genève 11, Switzerland.
20Department of Geology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
21Department of the History of Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
22Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E9, Canada

Tóm tắt

Evidence of an Anthropocene epoch Humans are undoubtedly altering many geological processes on Earth—and have been for some time. But what is the stratigraphic evidence for officially distinguishing this new human-dominated time period, termed the “Anthropocene,” from the preceding Holocene epoch? Waters et al. review climatic, biological, and geochemical signatures of human activity in sediments and ice cores. Combined with deposits of new materials and radionuclides, as well as human-caused modification of sedimentary processes, the Anthropocene stands alone stratigraphically as a new epoch beginning sometime in the mid–20th century. Science , this issue p. 10.1126/science.aad2622

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American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Tập 351 Số 6269

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