Taphonomy, deposition and pedogenesis in the Upper Triassic dinosaur beds of Trossingen

Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments - Tập 94 - Trang 571-593 - 2014
Rainer R. Schoch1, Dieter Seegis1
1Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde, Stuttgart, Germany

Tóm tắt

Nền đỏ Upper Norian (Cuối kỷ Triassic) của Knollenmergel (Trossingen-Formation) nổi tiếng về sự phong phú của các loài khủng long prosauropod. Trong số các địa điểm sản xuất nhiều hóa thạch nhất, Obere Mühle (Rutschete) tại Trossingen (Đức phía tây nam) nổi bật với số lượng lớn hóa thạch được tìm thấy vào đầu thế kỷ 20 và sự đa dạng về mặt địa tầng của các phát hiện trong một chuỗi 12 mét của các lớp bùn đồng bằng ngập nước đơn điệu. Các cuộc khai quật mới tại địa điểm gốc đã được tiến hành từ năm 2007, nhằm thu thập dữ liệu về tạp sinh học, địa chất vỉa và địa tầng cổ sinh. Dựa trên các phát hiện của cuộc khai quật hiện tại và trước đây, có thể rút ra các kết luận sau: (1) Obere Mühle chứa ít nhất hai loại lagerstaetten động vật có xương khác nhau: (1) các tầng deposit, bảo tồn nhiều bộ xương khớp với nhau trong tư thế “giống như sự sống” và tất cả các giai đoạn phân hủy tiếp theo; (2) các tầng bão quá bình thường, chỉ tạo ra một vài bộ xương (ví dụ: rùa), những bộ này đã bị tách rời thành các phần cơ thể và các yếu tố đơn lẻ, hoặc nằm trong các lớp xương. (2) Các lớp trầm tích được hình thành từ nhiều chu kỳ lắng đọng liên tiếp, bị gián đoạn bởi các giai đoạn hình thành đất. Một loạt đặc điểm đất được nhận diện, dẫn đến việc giải thích các lớp này như là các đá cổ vertisol và aridisol. Điều này cho thấy lịch sử lắng đọng kéo dài cho toàn bộ lớp, bị gián đoạn bởi các giai đoạn hạn hán trong đó ít động vật có xương được bảo tồn và đời sống có lẽ ít phong phú hơn. (3) Sự xuất hiện của các bộ xương động vật có xương liên quan đến các giai đoạn ẩm ướt hơn và các dấu vết của thực vật phong phú. (4) Quá trình phong hóa đã đóng vai trò quan trọng trong một số lớp của phần Trossingen. Sự vắng mặt của các tetrapod nhỏ có thể do ảnh hưởng nghiêm trọng của quá trình phong hóa.

Từ khóa


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